THYMIC carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor, but the most common malignant tumor of the ante-rior mediastinum. According to the latest World Health Organization （WHO） classification, primary thymic carcinoma has a va...THYMIC carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor, but the most common malignant tumor of the ante-rior mediastinum. According to the latest World Health Organization （WHO） classification, primary thymic carcinoma has a variety of histological types, mainly including squamous cell, basaloid, mucoepidermoid,lymphoepithelioma-like, sarcomatoid, clear cell and neuro-endocrine carcinomas, and papillary adenocarcinoma.1-4 Thymic mucinous adenocarcinoma was discovered in re-cent years, and only 10 cases were reported. In this paper, we described a case of thymic mucinous adenocarcinoma, the histopathological findings and immunohistochemical results.展开更多
From the physical science, we know the force comes from the reaction between at least two objects. But, in the reality world, we can see some kind force of an existence does not come from outside. For instance, when a...From the physical science, we know the force comes from the reaction between at least two objects. But, in the reality world, we can see some kind force of an existence does not come from outside. For instance, when a person takes the action such as speaking, movement of arms, we cannot see any force loaded from outside of this person. Then, here is the question： Where does this kind of force come from？ This paper is to demonstrate to prove that there is the second source of force, which comes from internal of a kind of object.展开更多
Carcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction(GEJ) is defined as carcinoma that crosses the GEJ line,irrespective of where the tumor epicenter is located.This group of cancer is rare but controversial.Based on study resu...Carcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction(GEJ) is defined as carcinoma that crosses the GEJ line,irrespective of where the tumor epicenter is located.This group of cancer is rare but controversial.Based on study results from the majority of epidemiologic and clinicopathologic investigations carried out in Western countries,this cancer is believed to arise from Barrett's esophagus(BE) and includes both distal esophageal and proximal gastric carcinomas because of similar characteristics in epidemiology,clinicopathology,and molecular pathobiology in relation to BE.As such,the most recent American Joint Committee on Cancer staging manual requires staging all GEJ carcinomas with the rule for esophageal adenocarcinoma(EA).This mandate has been challenged recently by the data from several studies carried out mainly in Chinese patients.The emerging evidence derivedfrom those studies suggests:(1) both BE and EA are uncommon in the Chinese population;(2) almost all GEJ cancers in Chinese arise in the proximal stomach and show the features of proximal gastric cancer,not those of EA;(3) application of the new cancer staging rule to GEJ cancer of Chinese patients cannot stratify patients' prognosis effectively;and(4) prognostic factors of GEJ cancer in Chinese are similar,but not identical,to those of EA.In conclusion,the recent evidence suggests that GEJ cancer in Chinese shows distinct clinicopathologic characteristics that are different from EA.Further investigations in molecular pathology may help illustrate the underlying pathogenesis mechanisms of this cancer in Chinese patients and better manage patients with this fatal disease.展开更多
Based on the method of molecular thermodynamics, the mass transfer mechanism at gas-liquid interface is studied theoretically, and a new mathematical model is proposed. Using laser holographic interference technique, ...Based on the method of molecular thermodynamics, the mass transfer mechanism at gas-liquid interface is studied theoretically, and a new mathematical model is proposed. Using laser holographic interference technique, the hydrodynamics and mass transfer characteristics of CO2 absorption are measured. It is shown that the calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental data.展开更多
The liberty of expression is one of the most important values in the human society, and a tolerant, unconstrained social atmosphere can provide personal development with a healthy and harmonious environment. Since the...The liberty of expression is one of the most important values in the human society, and a tolerant, unconstrained social atmosphere can provide personal development with a healthy and harmonious environment. Since the modern times, the liberty of expression has been gradually deemed by academic circles and all walks of life as a basic human right, and also has been fixed as a basic right of citizens through the legal form. The purpose of this paper is to clearly analyze the kernel and value of the liberty of expression through a historical review, so as to specifically sort out the development course of the liberty of expression and also excavate its implied meanings. In addition, the embodiment of the liberty of expression in both theory and practice since the modern times is analyzed around the limit theory of the liberty of expression, and then the opinions of the author are drawn up. Thus, some new ideas and views are provided for the future development of the liberty of expression from a new perspective.展开更多
This paper analyzes the physicochemical properties of supercritical C02, the characteristic of shale gas and shale gas reservoirs. The technologies of drilling, production, fracturing using the supercritical CO2 in sh...This paper analyzes the physicochemical properties of supercritical C02, the characteristic of shale gas and shale gas reservoirs. The technologies of drilling, production, fracturing using the supercritical CO2 in shale gas explo- ration are proposed, to increase the penetration rate, decrease the damage to formation while fracturing, and enhance the recovery of shale gas. It is believed that the huge economic benefits of shale gas exploration with the supercritical CO2 fluid will be obtained, and it also can initiate a new technology field of CO2 in the petroleum engineering.展开更多
Plasmablastic lymphoma(PBL) is a rare aggressive B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder,which has been characterized by the World Health Organization as a new entity.Although PBL is most commonly seen in the oral cavity ...Plasmablastic lymphoma(PBL) is a rare aggressive B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder,which has been characterized by the World Health Organization as a new entity.Although PBL is most commonly seen in the oral cavity of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-positive patients,it can also be seen in extraoral sites in immunocompromised patients who are HIV-negative.Here we present a rare case of PBL of the small intestine in a 55-year-old HIV-negative male.Histopathological examination of the excisional lesion showed a large cell lymphoma with plasmacytic differentiation diffusely infiltrating the small intestine and involving the surrounding organs.The neoplastic cells were diffusely positive for CD79a,CD138 and CD10 and partly positive for CD38 and epithelial membrane antigen.Approximately 80% of the tumor cells were positive for Ki-67.A monoclonal rearrangement of the kappa light chain gene was demonstrated.The patient died approximately 1.5 mo after diagnosis in spite of receiving two courses of the CHOP chemotherapy regimen.In a review of the literature,this is the first case report of PBL with initial presentation in the small intestine without HIV and Epstein-Barr virus infection,and a history of hepatitis B virus infection and radiotherapy probably led to the iatrogenic immunocompromised state.展开更多
The first issue of the World Journal of Pharmacology(WJP), whose preparatory work was initiated on January 10, 2011, will be published on February 9, 2012. The WJP editorial board has now been established and consists...The first issue of the World Journal of Pharmacology(WJP), whose preparatory work was initiated on January 10, 2011, will be published on February 9, 2012. The WJP editorial board has now been established and consists of 100 distinguished experts from 23 countries. Our purpose of launching the WJP is to publish peerreviewed, high-quality articles via an open-access online publishing model, thereby acting as a platform for communication between peers and the wider public, and maximizing the benefits to editorial board members, authors and readers.展开更多
A recently proposed universal calculational recipe for solvent-mediated potential is applied to calculate excess potential of mean force between two large Lennard-Jones (LJ) or hard core attractive Yukawa particles im...A recently proposed universal calculational recipe for solvent-mediated potential is applied to calculate excess potential of mean force between two large Lennard-Jones (LJ) or hard core attractive Yukawa particles immersed in small LJ solvent bath at supercritical state. Comparison between the present prediction with a hypernetted chain approximation adopted for solute-solute correlation at infinitely dilute limit and existing simulation data shows high accuracy for the region with large separation, and qualitative reliability for the solute particle contact region. The calculational simplicity of the present recipe allows for a detailed investigation on the effect of the solute-solvent and solvent-solvent interaction details on the excess potential of mean force. The resultant conclusion is that gathering of solvent particles near a solute particle leads to repulsive excess PMF, while depletion of solvent particles away from the solute particle leads to attractive excess PMF, and minor change of the solvent-solvent interaction range has large influence on the excess PMF.展开更多
Social media has become an inevitable part of our lives in the age of network society. People establish multiple identities for themselves, with or without references to the real world, and behave according to those i...Social media has become an inevitable part of our lives in the age of network society. People establish multiple identities for themselves, with or without references to the real world, and behave according to those identities. Self-made components of virtual presence are not limited to identities only; many users also create hyper-personalities for themselves with the help of new technologies. Then, the fundamental question becomes： Why do people create self-made identities and hyper-personalities to portray or hide themselves in social media environments？ The answer to this question has certain connections and implications for behaviors of social media users. Therefore, researchers have investigated why some people find social media attractive and attend whenever possible, while others are afraid of social media and hesitate to attend. Positive and negative behaviors of social media users can be classified as braggadocian and preventative. Braggadocian behaviors are related to courageously taking advantage of social media, whereas preventative behaviors are concerned with avoidance of social media. The dominant behavioral pattern of a user depends on what one can achieve through attending or preventing social media. This paper first discusses basic elements of human behavior that drive social media such as altruism, hedonism, connectionism, homophily, multiple identities, memetics, narcissism, and tribalism. Then, it focuses on precautionary elements of human behavior such as avoidance, escape, blocking, fear, hiding, removal, and protectionism. Whether they are attentive or not, one thing is clear： People refrain or enrich their own lives in social media rather than being abused or watching others in industrial media.展开更多
文摘THYMIC carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor, but the most common malignant tumor of the ante-rior mediastinum. According to the latest World Health Organization （WHO） classification, primary thymic carcinoma has a variety of histological types, mainly including squamous cell, basaloid, mucoepidermoid,lymphoepithelioma-like, sarcomatoid, clear cell and neuro-endocrine carcinomas, and papillary adenocarcinoma.1-4 Thymic mucinous adenocarcinoma was discovered in re-cent years, and only 10 cases were reported. In this paper, we described a case of thymic mucinous adenocarcinoma, the histopathological findings and immunohistochemical results.
文摘From the physical science, we know the force comes from the reaction between at least two objects. But, in the reality world, we can see some kind force of an existence does not come from outside. For instance, when a person takes the action such as speaking, movement of arms, we cannot see any force loaded from outside of this person. Then, here is the question： Where does this kind of force come from？ This paper is to demonstrate to prove that there is the second source of force, which comes from internal of a kind of object.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Development Project of the Nanjing City in China,No. ZKX05013,No. ZKX07011a special grant from the Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital in Nan-jing,China
文摘Carcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction(GEJ) is defined as carcinoma that crosses the GEJ line,irrespective of where the tumor epicenter is located.This group of cancer is rare but controversial.Based on study results from the majority of epidemiologic and clinicopathologic investigations carried out in Western countries,this cancer is believed to arise from Barrett's esophagus(BE) and includes both distal esophageal and proximal gastric carcinomas because of similar characteristics in epidemiology,clinicopathology,and molecular pathobiology in relation to BE.As such,the most recent American Joint Committee on Cancer staging manual requires staging all GEJ carcinomas with the rule for esophageal adenocarcinoma(EA).This mandate has been challenged recently by the data from several studies carried out mainly in Chinese patients.The emerging evidence derivedfrom those studies suggests:(1) both BE and EA are uncommon in the Chinese population;(2) almost all GEJ cancers in Chinese arise in the proximal stomach and show the features of proximal gastric cancer,not those of EA;(3) application of the new cancer staging rule to GEJ cancer of Chinese patients cannot stratify patients' prognosis effectively;and(4) prognostic factors of GEJ cancer in Chinese are similar,but not identical,to those of EA.In conclusion,the recent evidence suggests that GEJ cancer in Chinese shows distinct clinicopathologic characteristics that are different from EA.Further investigations in molecular pathology may help illustrate the underlying pathogenesis mechanisms of this cancer in Chinese patients and better manage patients with this fatal disease.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20176036).
文摘Based on the method of molecular thermodynamics, the mass transfer mechanism at gas-liquid interface is studied theoretically, and a new mathematical model is proposed. Using laser holographic interference technique, the hydrodynamics and mass transfer characteristics of CO2 absorption are measured. It is shown that the calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental data.
文摘The liberty of expression is one of the most important values in the human society, and a tolerant, unconstrained social atmosphere can provide personal development with a healthy and harmonious environment. Since the modern times, the liberty of expression has been gradually deemed by academic circles and all walks of life as a basic human right, and also has been fixed as a basic right of citizens through the legal form. The purpose of this paper is to clearly analyze the kernel and value of the liberty of expression through a historical review, so as to specifically sort out the development course of the liberty of expression and also excavate its implied meanings. In addition, the embodiment of the liberty of expression in both theory and practice since the modern times is analyzed around the limit theory of the liberty of expression, and then the opinions of the author are drawn up. Thus, some new ideas and views are provided for the future development of the liberty of expression from a new perspective.
基金Key Project of Chinese National Programs for Fundamental Research and Development(973 Program) (No. 2010CB226704)Chinese National Natural Science Foundation (No. 51034007 )+1 种基金the China National Petroleum Corporation Key Project Foundation (No. 2011A-4205)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No. 2011M500492)
文摘This paper analyzes the physicochemical properties of supercritical C02, the characteristic of shale gas and shale gas reservoirs. The technologies of drilling, production, fracturing using the supercritical CO2 in shale gas explo- ration are proposed, to increase the penetration rate, decrease the damage to formation while fracturing, and enhance the recovery of shale gas. It is believed that the huge economic benefits of shale gas exploration with the supercritical CO2 fluid will be obtained, and it also can initiate a new technology field of CO2 in the petroleum engineering.
文摘Plasmablastic lymphoma(PBL) is a rare aggressive B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder,which has been characterized by the World Health Organization as a new entity.Although PBL is most commonly seen in the oral cavity of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-positive patients,it can also be seen in extraoral sites in immunocompromised patients who are HIV-negative.Here we present a rare case of PBL of the small intestine in a 55-year-old HIV-negative male.Histopathological examination of the excisional lesion showed a large cell lymphoma with plasmacytic differentiation diffusely infiltrating the small intestine and involving the surrounding organs.The neoplastic cells were diffusely positive for CD79a,CD138 and CD10 and partly positive for CD38 and epithelial membrane antigen.Approximately 80% of the tumor cells were positive for Ki-67.A monoclonal rearrangement of the kappa light chain gene was demonstrated.The patient died approximately 1.5 mo after diagnosis in spite of receiving two courses of the CHOP chemotherapy regimen.In a review of the literature,this is the first case report of PBL with initial presentation in the small intestine without HIV and Epstein-Barr virus infection,and a history of hepatitis B virus infection and radiotherapy probably led to the iatrogenic immunocompromised state.
文摘The first issue of the World Journal of Pharmacology(WJP), whose preparatory work was initiated on January 10, 2011, will be published on February 9, 2012. The WJP editorial board has now been established and consists of 100 distinguished experts from 23 countries. Our purpose of launching the WJP is to publish peerreviewed, high-quality articles via an open-access online publishing model, thereby acting as a platform for communication between peers and the wider public, and maximizing the benefits to editorial board members, authors and readers.
文摘A recently proposed universal calculational recipe for solvent-mediated potential is applied to calculate excess potential of mean force between two large Lennard-Jones (LJ) or hard core attractive Yukawa particles immersed in small LJ solvent bath at supercritical state. Comparison between the present prediction with a hypernetted chain approximation adopted for solute-solute correlation at infinitely dilute limit and existing simulation data shows high accuracy for the region with large separation, and qualitative reliability for the solute particle contact region. The calculational simplicity of the present recipe allows for a detailed investigation on the effect of the solute-solvent and solvent-solvent interaction details on the excess potential of mean force. The resultant conclusion is that gathering of solvent particles near a solute particle leads to repulsive excess PMF, while depletion of solvent particles away from the solute particle leads to attractive excess PMF, and minor change of the solvent-solvent interaction range has large influence on the excess PMF.
文摘Social media has become an inevitable part of our lives in the age of network society. People establish multiple identities for themselves, with or without references to the real world, and behave according to those identities. Self-made components of virtual presence are not limited to identities only; many users also create hyper-personalities for themselves with the help of new technologies. Then, the fundamental question becomes： Why do people create self-made identities and hyper-personalities to portray or hide themselves in social media environments？ The answer to this question has certain connections and implications for behaviors of social media users. Therefore, researchers have investigated why some people find social media attractive and attend whenever possible, while others are afraid of social media and hesitate to attend. Positive and negative behaviors of social media users can be classified as braggadocian and preventative. Braggadocian behaviors are related to courageously taking advantage of social media, whereas preventative behaviors are concerned with avoidance of social media. The dominant behavioral pattern of a user depends on what one can achieve through attending or preventing social media. This paper first discusses basic elements of human behavior that drive social media such as altruism, hedonism, connectionism, homophily, multiple identities, memetics, narcissism, and tribalism. Then, it focuses on precautionary elements of human behavior such as avoidance, escape, blocking, fear, hiding, removal, and protectionism. Whether they are attentive or not, one thing is clear： People refrain or enrich their own lives in social media rather than being abused or watching others in industrial media.
