行为金融框架下的投资市场非理性效应及政策建议

文章在行为金融理论的分析框架下,列举了几大类投资者常常表现出的非理性效应,从监管机构、证券服务机构及投资者自身三方面提出了政策建议,从理论层面初步分析了各类非理性行为的产生及解决措施。

数学在化学中的理性效应

数学化是自然科学最新革命的本质特点之一。数学对化学运动的空间形式和量的关系方面可作出概括和反映。化学运动也为数学提供了量与形式的丰富原型。本文认为,化学学科的出现,是伴随化学定量研究开始的。化学经过了从物质量的规定——物质量的经验定律发现——化学理论数学公式的建立——数学模型的提出等过程。数学深化了人们对化学世界的认识,化学中的数学效应日趋明显。因此,在理论研究中,值得重视的是,现代化学的发展,只有与数学在其中的日益增长的理性效应同步时才得以进行。

来源国形象如何影响企业的国际市场绩效——基于制度理论的合理性溢出效应视角

来源国形象一直在国际营销以及消费者行为研究领域里得到广泛重视。但是,有关来源国形象如何作用于企业在东道国的国际市场绩效的现有研究结论既未达成一致共识,又缺乏与部分现实的相关性以及对部分现象的解释力。本研究将制度理论引入来源国研究,基于合理性溢出效应视角,探讨了一种新的来源国形象的作用机制——合理性溢出效应。两个实验的结果表明:来源国形象作为一种大范围合理性,会对国际化企业及产品的合理性产生溢出效应,从而影响消费者对该企业的支持;来源国能力形象和暖性形象在合理性溢出效应中具有不对称性,暖性形象调节能力形象对消费者支持的影响。

从β值看封闭式基金非理性羊群效应

通过对封闭式基金的非理性羊群效应的定量分析,探讨了自2006年以来封闭式投资基金在稳定市场中的作用。研究发现,封闭式基金在面对风险时,表现出较高程度的非理性羊群效应;同时也发现,封闭式基金多样化的投资行为更有利于市场上涨。

纳米颗粒物毒性效应研究进展

纳米颗粒物是指尺度在1～100 nm的颗粒。由于纳米结构所具有的特殊物理、化学性质,有关纳米材料和纳米技术的研究已成为当代科学的前沿热点。纳米科学技术的飞快发展将可能导致生产方式与生活方式的改变,就在人们逐渐认识纳米科学技术的优点和其潜在的巨大市场的同时,种种迹象已经表明纳米物质具有与常规物质完全不同的毒性,在人类健康、社会伦理、生态环境、可持续发展等方面将会引发诸多问题,影响遍及农业发展、计算机、医疗、制药、国防、服装等很多方面。无论国际还是国内,纳米尺度物质以及技术对人体健康的影响研究刚刚起步。它需要生物技术、纳米技术、医学、化学和物理的研究手段进行真正的学科交叉,因此充满了科学创新的机遇。

闪光刺激在癫痫病人脑内电极的生理光驱动及病理光效应研究

目的报告1例癫痫病人脑内电极对闪光刺激的反应。方法 1例部分性难治性癫痫病人在术前评估时利用立体定向技术,在枕-颞叶脑组织内不同部位置入电极,病人处于睁眼或闭眼状态,使用1-40Hz频率的光源刺激。结果出现明显生理性光驱动的电极接触点全部处于枕叶内侧面,靠近距状裂,但不同的电极接触点由于位于距状裂上下及距离其远近不同,出现生理光驱动的效果不同,未发现病理性光效应。结论通过癫痫病人脑内电极的置入,特别是在枕叶内侧面置入脑内电极,可以得到确切的关于视觉系统的生理信息。

网络群体极化的意识形态效应及其治理

由于在匿名的网络身份之中既有的身份约束丧失,人们更倾向于情绪的满足,而对意识形态的亲和度下降,由于在对论题的讨论之中“越说越窄”“偏听偏信”或者“情感至上”,在反复讨论之中的意识形态问题,也不再具有意识形态原本应有的严肃性,同时,由于各个群体之间的多元性和“壁垒森严”导致的“拒绝交流”与“非理性交流”,让本应作为交往基础的意识形态的独一性也有所损害。但是,这并非意味着“网络群体极化”不能被理性化。通过网络思想政治教育的循循善诱,唤回交往的意愿与交往的秩序,也就在交往理性的培育之中唤回意识形态作为交往的独一基础的地位,通过互联网平台的自我监管与针对平台的制度监管以实现议程设计,可以在论题选择和表达方式上降低非理性与泛娱乐化的成分,进而通过“制度理性”在互联网之中的重新确认而唤回意识形态的严肃性。

钱包赌戏悖论及其行为的经济学意义

本文对行为经济学的一个重要微观模型———钱包赌戏悖论建立了认知分析框架 ,不仅彻底消解了该悖论 ,还发现了与效用和概率均无关的一种新的非理性效应。这一效应既可能导致无帕累托效率的交易陷阱 ,也可能与效用歧化和概率误判等已知的行为经济学效应协同作用 ,产生更复杂的非理性决策。

基于MDFT的服装风格决策模型

当今服装款式风格评价都是通过专家主观审视决定的,但服装智能化设计需要有可用于服装风格的决策模型,而已有的决策模型不能很好地体现多款服装风格对比变化,给出基于多择决策场理论MDFT[2](Multialternative Decision Field Theory)的服装款式风格强弱度评价框架,建立了动态的风格决策模型。该模型综合考虑服装部件的属性和决策者心理、外界环境等各种不确定性因素的影响,更接近实际的决策过程。非理性效应是多择选择的一个重要现象,该模型能够突出体现它对决策过程的影响。

Coupling Effect of Water and Phosphate on Economic Traits of Sugarcane

[Objective] The aim was to study the coupling effect of water and phosphate on economic traits of sugarcane. [Method] Taking sugarcane variety ROC22 as tested material,coupling effects of different levels of water supply quantity and different levels of phosphorus fertilizer on the yield and quality of sugarcane were studied. Among them,water supply quantity had 3 levels,that was,the water supply quantity per 10 days from the early tillering stage of sugarcane to the end of elongation was 199.5 m3/hm2 (A1),400.5 m3/hm2 (A2) and 600.0 m3/hm2 (A3),respectively; Phosphorus fertilizer as basic fertilizer had 4 levels:P2O5 0 kg/hm2 (B1),120 kg/hm2 (B2),240 kg/hm2 (B3) and 360 kg/hm2 (B4). [Result] Treatment A3B2 in water-fertilizer coupling was more suitable to improve economic traits of sugarcane. [Conclusion] The research results provide theoretical basis for the efficient utilization of water and phosphorus fertilizer in production of Guangxi sugarcane and the cultivation of high-yield and high-glucose sugarcane.

Effect of La_2O_3/Ce O_2 particle size on high-temperature oxidation resistance of electrodeposited Ni-La_2O_3/Ce O_2 composites

Ni-La2O3/CeO2 composite films were prepared by electrodeposition from a nickel sulfate bath containing certain content of micrometer and nanometer La2O3/CeO2 particles. The effect of La2O3 or CeO2 particle size on the oxidation resistance of the electrodeposited Ni-La2O3/CeO2 composites in air at 1000 °C was studied. The results indicate that, compared with the electrodeposited Ni-film, Ni-La2O3/CeO2 composites exhibit a superior oxidation resistance due to the codeposited La2O3 or CeO2 particles blocking the outward diffusion of nickel. Moreover, compared with nanoparticles, La2O3 or CeO2 microparticles have stronger effect because La2O3 or CeO2 microparticles also act as a diffusion barrier layer at the onset of oxidation.

Stndy on Soil Magnetic Effect

A study on the effect of applied magnetic field was performed with six types of soils collected fromnortheastern China. Magnetic field was found to cause changes of soil physicc-chemical properties and soilenzyme activities. An appropriate applied magnetic field could cut down soil zeta-potential, soil specificsurface, soil water potential and soil swelling capacity; raise the charge density on soil colloids and theactivities of invertase, hydrogen peroxidase and amylase in the soils; enhance soil aggregation and improvesoil structural status and soil water-releasing capability.

Property alterations of Sn-0.6Cu-0.05Ni-Ge lead-free solder by Ag, Bi, In and Sb addition

The Sn-Cu-Ni-Ge solder is a strong challenger to the Sn-Ag-Cu（SAC） solders as a replacement for the Sn-Pb eutectic solder. This research investigated the effects of addition of Ag, Bi, In, and Sb on the physical properties of the Sn-0.6 Cu-0.05 Ni-Ge（SCNG） lead-free solder and the interfacial reaction with the Cu substrate. The melting behavior, microstructure, tensile strength, and wettability of the SCNG-x（x=Ag, Bi, In, Sb） solders were examined. The findings revealed that the introduction of Ag, Bi, In, and Sb minimally altered the solidus temperature, liquidus temperature, and tensile strength of the solder. However, the cooling behavior and solidified microstructure of the solder were affected by the concentration of the alloying elements. The wettability of the SCNG solder was improved with the doping of the alloying elements except Sb. The thickness of intermetallic layer was increased by the addition of the alloying elements and was related to the cooling behavior of the solder. The morphology of intermetallic layer between the SCNG-x solders and the Cu substrate was different from that of the typical SAC solders. In conclusion, alloying the SCNG solder with Ag, Bi, In or Sb is able to improve particular properties of the solder.

Physically based analytical model for plateau in gate C-V characteristics of strained silicon pMOSFET

A physically based analytical model was developed to predict the performance of the plateau observed in the gate C-V characteristics of strained-Si/SiGe pMOSFET.Experimental results were used to validate this model.The extracted parameters from our model were tOX=20 nm,ND=1×1016cm 3,tSSi=13.2 nm,consistent with the experimental values.The results show that the simulation results agree with experimental data well.It is found that the plateau can be strongly affected by doping concentration,strained-Si layer thickness and mass fraction of Ge in the SiGe layer.The model has been implemented in the software for strained silicon MOSFET parameter extraction,and has great value in the design of the strained-Si/SiGe devices.

Electronic Transport and Magnetic Properties in Ferroelectric- Ferromagnetic Composites La5/8Ca3/8MnO3：ErMnO3

The crystal structures and electronic transport properties of composites, xLa5/8Ca3/8MnO3 （1-x）ErMnO3 （x=0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 1）, where ErMnO3 is the insulating ferroelectric and La5/8Ca3/8MnO3 is the metallic ferromagnetic component, were studied. The magnetization of samples （x=0, 0.5, 1） were also measured as a function of temperature from 4 K to 300 K. The X-ray diffraction data show La5/8Ca3/8MnO3 and ErMnO3 are almost complete immiscible, originating from the significant difference in their crystal structures. All the composites show a metal-insulator transition when the molar fraction of xLa5/8Ca3/8MnO3 component x≥0.4 and the electronic transport behaviors follow the classical percolation theory model very well. Magnetization of the mixture with x=0.5 is unique and enhanced greatly compared with that of pure ErMnO3. Comprehensive analysis of the electronic transport and magnetic results suggests that this material system is a new kind of multiferroic with stronger magnetism in a wider temperature range compared with the single phase multiferroic ErMnO3.

Effective stress law for rock masses and its application in impoundment analysis based on deformation reinforcement theory

Reservoir impoundment is related to several hydraulic engineering concerns,including irreversible valley contractions,landslides and reservoir-induced earthquakes.However,these phenomena,such as valley contractions,are hardly to be explained by the conventional method.The scientific understanding of water effects during impoundment and their hazards to hydraulic structure are needed.The effective stress law for fissured rock masses is introduced in the elasto-plastic model employing the Drucker-Prager criterion and implemented in the three dimension(3D)nonlinear finite element method(FEM)program Three-dimensional FINite Element(TFINE).The slope deforms towards river-way during impoundment since the increasing pore pressure in fissures changes stress state and leads to additional plastic deformation in the rock materials.The value of Biot coefficient and the influence of water on rock materials are discussed in detail.Thus,the mechanism of slope deformation during the impoundment of Jinping-I arch dam is revealed,and the deformation is accurately measured.The application of the effective stress law provides a method to consider stress assessment,deformation evaluation and stability estimate of hydraulic structures during the impoundment process.This is a beneficial exploration and an improvement of hydraulic engineering design.

Hydrogen Bonding Effects on the Photophysical Properties of 2,3-dihydro-3-keto- 1H-pyrido[3,2,1-kl] phenothiazine

Time-dependent density functional theory （TDDFT） and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy were used to investigate the photophysical properties of 2,3-dihydro-3-keto-lH- pyrido[3,2,1-kl]phenothiazine （PTZ4） and 3-keto-lH-pyrido[3,2,1-kl]phenothiazine （PTZ5）. The calculated results obtained from TDDFT suggest that the red-shifts of the absorption spectra of these two fluorophores in methanol are due to the formation of hydrogen-bonded complexes at the ground state. Four conformers of PTZ4 were obtained by TDDFT. The two fluorescence peaks of PTZ4 in tetrahydrofuran （THF） came from the ICT states of the four conformers. The fluorescence of PTZ4 in THF showed a dependence on the excitation wavelength because of butterfly bending. The excited state dynamics of PTZ4 in THF and methanol were obtained by transient absorption spectroscopy. The lifetime of the excited PTZ4 in methanol was 53.8 ps, and its relaxation from the LE state to the ICT state was completed within several picoseconds. The short lifetime of excited PTZ4 in methanol was due to the formation of out-of-plane model hydrogen bonds between PTZ4 and methanol at the excited state.

First-principles computational studies on Na^(+) diffusion in Li-doped P3-type NaMnO_(2) as cathode material for Na-ion batteries

Na-ion diffusion kinetics is a key factor that decided the charge/discharge rate of the electrode materials in Na-ion batteries.In this work,two extreme concentrations of NaMnO_(2) and Na_(2/3)Li_(1/6)Mn_(5/6)O_(2) are considered,namely,the vacancy migration of Na ions in the fully intercalated and the migration of Na ions in the fully de-intercalated.The Na-vacancy and Na^(+)distribution in NaMnO_(2) migrated along oxygen dumbbell hop(ODH)and tetrahedral site hop(TSH),and the migration energy barriers were 0.374 and 0.296 eV,respectively.In NaLi_(1/6)Mn_(5/6)O_(2),the inhomogeneity of Li doping leads to the narrowing of the interlayer spacing by 0.9%and the increase of the energy barrier by 53.8%.On the other hand,due to the alleviation of Jahn-Teller effect of neighboring Mn,the bonding strength of Mn-O was enhanced,so that the energy barrier of path 2-3 in Mn-L1 and Mn-L2 was the lowest,which was 0.234 and 0.424 eV,respectively.In Na_(1/6)Li_(1/6)Mn_(5/6)O_(2),the migration energy barriers of Na-L2 and Na-L3 are 1.233 and 0.779 eV,respectively,because Li+migrates from the transition(TM)layer to the alkali metal(AM)layer with Na^(+)migration,which requires additional energy.

Daylighting Strategies： Building＇s Sustainability and Energy Efficiency

Improving daylighting strategy is a mandatory step to achieve visual enjoyment and energy saving in buildings. Psycho, physiological effects and energy performance have to be investigated in order to define a range of different daylighting strategies, thanks to daylighting devices and climate based daylight modeling. Daylighting optimization ensures indoor healthier rooms, reduces electric light consumption and cuts the risk of glare. The best way to achieve these targets is to define users lighting needs, based on visual targets and to draw up some green measures to reduce electricity demands. Involving new climate-based daylight modeling metrics aims at defining proper illumination targets, in order to drastically reduce electrical lights, as well as reducing thermal loads deriving from cooling and HVAC （heating, ventilation and air conditioning） systems.

A meta-analytic review of the approach-avoidance achievement goals and performance relationships in the sport psychology literature

Purpose： To summarize the approach-avoidance achievement goal and performance in the sport psychology literature.Methods： A total of 17 published studies, two of which provided two samples, were located. Accepted meta-analytic procedures were used with Hedges g as the effect size metric. From the 17 studies, 73 effect sizes were calculated.Results： Results based on a random effects model indicated that the performance goal contrast had the largest facilitative impact on performance followed by the mastery and performance approach goals. Both of the avoidance goals performance and mastery had small non-significant and detrimental effects on performance. The homogeneity statistics revealed significant heterogeneity for the approach and avoidance performance goals. Categorical moderator variables were examined for study sex composition（male, female, or mixed）, mean age of sample（〈18 years or 18 years）, study setting（lab or naturalistic）, and nature of performance variable（objective or subjective）.Conclusion： The performance goal contrast holds value for sport performance research. Contrary to approach-avoidance predictions, the mastery-approach goal and performance effect size was significant and of equal magnitude as the performance approach goal and performance effect size. Thus, future research should closely test the efficacy of both the mastery- and performance contrasts in impacting performance of sport tasks. Last, the significant effect sizes reported in this review are in stark contrast to contemporary meta-analytic findings in education.Differences in the approach-avoidance goals in sport and education relative to performance should be researched further.