论法学与非理性关系的嬗变

法学与非理性的关系如同法学与理性的关系一样紧密,只不过非理性一直是作为建立在理性基础上的法律改造的对象而存在的,虽然在与理性的矛盾斗争中,曾有过短暂的突起,但却又遭受到绝对理性主义的牵连,后现代法学在致力于解构理性法学根基时,连同非理性一起否定掉了。但是不可否认,非理性的本体论、认识论、方法论以及价值观方面的意义一直作为重要的力量影响和作用着法学流派的理论建构,非理性在成为法学建构基础的同时,理论本身也随着法学流派的解读而获得新的内涵。

法学理性与城市规划的发展——一个借鉴研究的框架

法与现代城市规划存在着密切的关系 ,法对于规划而言不仅仅是一个可资利用的工具 ,更是城市规划理性发展的重要来源。从理论知识、思想观念、思维模式和行为配置四个方面建构并论述了法学理性值得城市规划借鉴研究的框架。

从“张金柱现象”到孙伟铭案的法学家“理性”——以媒体法治角色的社会责任担当为视角

孙伟铭①案与张金柱案都是让社会各界大为震动的大案,媒体对张金柱案的密集报道还引发了民意求死的"张金柱现象"。而对孙伟铭案,媒体对孙伟铭及亲属在孙伟铭因为特大交通事故被判处"死刑立即执行"后,刑事死刑判决挤压民事赔偿过程中,采取给孙伟铭、孙林披"好人"、"善人"和"动人"等外衣,美化其"善意"、"伟大"或者受人尊重言行的民意求生的思路,试图将孙伟铭及亲属的保命型被动赔偿"塑造成"孙伟铭刑事案件的"悔罪积极"。这种过度美化孙伟铭及亲属的媒体报道,是媒体没有很好履行其社会责任,准确定位其在特大事件、重大事件中报道中的社会责任;而法学家在死刑判决下达后也站出来对判决结果进行"不理性"、"感情用事"的指责,对于这些不良的行为习惯,应当给予纠正。

法治的理想与法学的理性——兼议有关法制改革的两种观点

对于国家法治建设应当走何种途径长期存在不同的看法 。

法学教育趣味化的手段研究

法学是公认的枯燥学科，目前法学教育的效果不甚理想，学生到课率低、学习热情低落。如何才能重新把学生们吸引到课堂上，如何才能加强法学教育的效果？本文以私法学科为中心，探讨了实现法学教育趣味化的具体手段：包括法学课堂的语言应该是什么风格、教学手段可以向哪些因素借力等。

德国民法与意思表示理论的缘起

意思表示是大陆法系民法的基本概念,它由德国的理性法学家在继受罗马法的基础上,吸收与借鉴罗马法的精神而创立,最终被德国的一系列民法典所接纳,使意思表示由理论成果发展为法律制度性的规定,进而成为法律行为的核心要素,并统辖了一切表意行为。

意思表示的概念及其理论的缘起

意思表示作为法律行为的核心要素,是德国理性法学的产物,并且成为德国民法的基本概念。而其概念及其理论的缘起经历了一个过程,这一过程具有深厚的历史、思想及制度基础。

Influence of pretreatment process on structure, morphology and electrochemical properties of Li[Ni_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)]O_2 cathode material

The layered Li[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3]O2 was separately synthesized by pretreatment process of ball mill method and solution phase route, using [Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]3O4 and lithium hydroxide as raw materials. The physical and electrochemical behaviors of Li[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3]O2 were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, field emission scanning electron microscopy （FESEM） and electrochemical charge/discharge cycling tests. The results show that the difference in pretreatment process results in the difference in compound Li[Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]O2 structure, morphology and the electrochemical characteristics. The Li[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3]O2 prepared by solution phase route maintains the uniform spherical morphology of the [Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]3O4, and it exhibits a higher capacity retention and better rate capability than that prepared by ball mill method. The initial discharge capacity of this sample reaches 178 mA-h/g and the capacity retention after 50 cycles is 98.7% at a current density of 20 mA/g. Moreover, it delivers high discharge capacity of 135 mA-h/g at a current density of 1 000 mA/g.

Research Progress and Identification Method of Apple Stress Resistance

In the research, changes of apple chemistry, and molecule, under stresses, are n terms of morphology, physiology, bio- illustrated and research and identifica- tion methods of apple resistance are explored involving drought-resistance, flood-re- sistance, salt-stress resistance, cold-hardiness and heat-resistance. In addition prospects of apple resistance research are proposed, as well.

Solution of ODE u″+p(u)(u′)2+q(u)=0 and Applications to Classifications of All Single Travelling Wave Solutions to Some Nonlinear Mathematical Physics Equations

Under the travelling wave transformation, some nonlinear partial differential equations such as Camassa-Holm equation, High-order KdV equation, etc., are reduced to an integrable ODE expressed by u＂ ＋p（u）（u＇）^2 ＋ q（u） = 0 whose generai solution can be given. Furthermore, combining complete discrimination system for polynomiai, the classifications of all single travelling wave solutions to these equations are obtained. The equation u＂＋p（u）（u＇）^2＋q（u） = 0 includes the equation （u＇）^2 = f（u） as a special case, so the proposed method can be also applied to a large number of nonlinear equations. These complete results cannot be obtained by any indirect method.

Role of sex steroid receptors in pathobiology of hepatocellular carcinoma

The striking gender disparity observed in the incidence of hepatocellutar carcinoma （HCC） suggests an important role of sex hormones in HCC pathogenesis. Though the studies began as early as in 1980s, the precise role of sex hormones and the significance of their receptors in HCC still remain poorly understood and perhaps contribute to current controversies about the potential use of hormonal therapy in HCC. A comprehensive review of the existing literature revealed several shortcomings associated with the studies on estrogen receptor （ER） and androgen receptor （AR） in normal liver and HCC. These shortcomings include the use of less sensitive receptor ligand binding assays and immunohistochemistry studies for ERα alone until 1996 when ERβ isoform was identified. The animal models of HCC utilized for studies were primarily based on chemical-induced hepatocarcinogenesis with less similarity to virus-induced HCC pathogenesis. However, recent in vitro studies in hepatoma cells provide newer insights for hormonal regulation of key cellular processes including interaction of ER and AR with viral proteins. In light of the above facts, there is an urgent need for a detailed investigation of sex hormones and their receptors in normal liver and HCC. In this review, we systematically present the information currently available on androgens, estrogens and their receptors in normal liver and HCC obtained from in vitro, in vivo experimental models and clinical studies. This information will direct future basic and clinical research to bridge the gap in knowledge to explore the therapeutic potential of hormonal therapy in HCC.

An osculatory rational interpolation method of model reduction in linear system

A theorem for osculatory rational interpolation was shown to establish a new criterion of interpolation. On the basis of this conclusion a practical algorithm was presented to get a reduction model of the linear systems. Some numerical examples were given to explain the result in this paper.

Some New Solutions of Jacobi Elliptic Functions to mBBM Equation

The modified mapping method is further improved by the expanded expression of u（ξ） that contains the terms of the first-order derivative of function f（ξ）. Some new exact solutions to the mBBM equation are determined by means of the method. We can obtain many new solutions in terms of the Jacobi elliptic functions of the equation.

Physicochemical properties of DMI-LiNO_(3) solvated ionic liquid and its application in electrodeposition of neodymium at room temperature

The density,conductivity,and viscosity of the 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolinone and lithium nitrate(DMILiNO_(3))solvated ionic liquid were measured as a function of temperature.Additionally,the electrochemical mechanism and electrodeposition of neodymium from the DMI-LiNO_(3) solvated ionic liquid were investigated.Cyclic voltammetry results indicate that the electrochemical reduction of Nd(Ⅲ)is irreversible and proceeds via one-step with three-electron transfer,which is controlled by diffusion with a diffusion coefficient of 5.08×10^(-8) cm^(2)/s.Energydispersive X-ray spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data confirm that the electrodeposit obtained after electrodeposition at-4 V(vs Ag)using the DMI-LiNO_(3)-Nd(CF_(3)SO_(3))_(3) solvated ionic liquid contains metallic neodymium.

A two-stage flexible flow-shop scheduling problem with m identical parallel machines on one stage and a batch processor on the other stage

This paper considers a hybrid two-stage flow-shop scheduling problem with m identical parallel machines on one stage and a batch processor on the other stage. The processing time of job Jj on any of m identical parallel machines is aj≡a （j∈N）, and the processing time of job Jj is bj（j∈N） on a batch processorM. We take makespan （Cmax） as our minimization objective. In this paper, for the problem of FSMP-BI （m identical parallel machines on the first stage and a batch processor on the second stage）, based on the algorithm given by Sung and Choung for the problem of 1 ｜ri, BI｜Cmax under the constraint of the given processing sequence, we develop an optimal dynamic programming Algorithm H1 for it in max {O（nlogn）, O（nB）} time. A max {O（nlogn） , O（nB）}time symmetric Algorithm H2 is given then for the problem of BI-FSMP （a batch processor on the first stage and m identical parallel machines on the second stage）.

Digital regionalization of geomorphology in Xinjiang

This paper presents a method of geomorphologic regionalization for Xinjiang, with the use of Srtm-DEM (resolution 90 m) and TM images for 1990 (resolution 30 m). After interpretation and classification of geomorphologic types, the present research focuses on the qualitative and quantitative distribution of different geomorphologic types based on geographical grid analysis. Then, by using system clustering analysis method, geomorphologic types are grouped into divisions. The resulting geomorphologic regionalization hierarchy of Xinjiang includes three levels, i.e., macro-landform divisions, medium-landform divisions, and micro-landform divisions, containing 6, 23 and 200 types, respectively. This method makes it possible to digitally delimit geomorphologic regions. Comparison and verification show that the spatial precision of the boundaries of geomorphologic subareas in Xinjiang is very high.

Physicochemical properties of 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolinone−ZnCl_(2)solvated ionic liquid and its application in zinc electrodeposition

Zinc chloride(ZnCl_(2))was dissolved in the 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolinone(DMI)solvent,and the metallic zinc coatings were obtained by electrodeposition in room-temperature ambient air.The conductivity(σ),viscosity(η),and density(ρ)of the DMI−ZnCl_(2)solvated ionic liquid at various temperatures(T)were measured and fitted.Furthermore,cyclic voltammetry was used to study the electrochemical behavior of Zn(II)in the DMI−ZnCl_(2)solvated ionic liquid,indicating that the reduction of Zn(II)on the tungsten electrode was a one-step two-electron transfer irreversible process.XRD and SEM−EDS analysis of the cathode product confirmed that the deposited coating was metallic zinc.Finally,the effects of deposition potential,temperature and duration on the morphology of zinc coatings were investigated.The results showed that a dense and uniform zinc coating was obtained by potentiostatic electrodeposition at−2 V(vs Pt)and 353 K for 1 h.

WORD SENSE DISAMBIGUATION BASED ON IMPROVED BAYESIAN CLASSIFIERS

Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is to decide the sense of an ambiguous word on particular context. Most of current studies on WSD only use several ambiguous words as test samples, thus leads to some limitation in practical application. In this paper, we perform WSD study based on large scale real-world corpus using two unsupervised learning algorithms based on ±n-improved Bayesian model and Dependency Grammar (DG)-improved Bayesian model. ±n-improved classifiers reduce the window size of context of ambiguous words with close-distance feature extraction method, and decrease the jamming of useless features, thus obviously improve the accuracy, reaching 83.18% (in open test). DG-improved classifier can more effectively conquer the noise effect existing in Naive-Bayesian classifier. Experimental results show that this approach does better on Chinese WSD, and the open test achieved an accuracy of 86.27%.

Integrability of a New Type of Deformed XXZ Model

A new type of deformed XXZ model was constructed and diagonalized by the coordinate Bethe ansatz method. We obtained the energy and the Bethe ansatz equations of the model and also discussed some thermodynamics of the model.