论韩愈“性体道用”的心性本体理论

韩愈“性体道用”的心性本体理论,相对于上古哲学的道本体论、中古哲学的礼本体论,说得上是一场不折不扣的思想颠覆。人的终极关怀由自然哲学、伦理哲学向心性哲学的转移,显示了华夏文明由中古向近现代转型的必然趋势,对华夏文明的历史进程有着重要影响。

胡宏、张栻的“性本论”伦理思想

中国传统的哲学思想和伦理思想,发展到宋代逐步形成了以理学为特点的思想形态。史称"北宋五子"的学术思想,虽各有自己的学科特色,但都致力于把本体论和伦理学结合起来,创立一种以伦理为主体的思想体系,而二程兄弟所创立的洛学,则是当时较为典型的理学思想形态。两宋之际,由胡宏、张栻创立发展的以性为本体的伦理思想,是对二程洛学理本论的创新,并与南宋以朱熹为代表的理本论思想形态相区别。

宋代新儒教哲学述论

宋儒哲学以“理”为终极关怀,故称之新儒教哲学。理论建设可上溯李翱的“复性”论,它是宋代新儒教哲学分辨理欲、变化气质学说的先导。张载提出“气”本体论,并分别“天地之性”和“气质之性”,将天理人欲之辨植入新儒教哲学系统。程颢、程颐把具有神学目的论的“天”,变成抽象的哲学本体的“理”,建立起“理”本体论,完成了新儒教哲学本体建设的使命。朱熹继承并深化了二程的“天理”论,把“心统性情”的心、性关系肯定为“心统万物”的心、物关系和心性本体,使新儒教哲学具备了完整的理论体系。

Geospatial Semantic Interoperability Based on Ontology

In GIS field, great varieties of information from different domains are involved in order to solve actual problems. But usually spatial information is stored in diverse spatial databases, manipulated by different GIS platforms. Semantic heterogeneity is caused due to the distinctions of conception explanations among various GIS implements. It will result in the information obtaining and understanding gaps for spatial data sharing and usage. An ontology-based model for spatial information semantic interoperability is put forward after the comprehensive review of progress in ontology theory, methodology and application research in GIS domain.

The Globalisation of Firms as Social Systems

Existing theories of the globalisation of firms fall short of integrating evolutionary, self-reproductive mechanisms. This conceptual paper serves to provide an overview on existing literature in systems theory and to develop a basic framework for the study of evolutionary processes in the globalisation of firms. Ontological, epistemological, and methodological consequences of an evolutionary social systems approach to globalisation will be discussed.

Escaping and Transforming Consciousness, Emotions, and Body

＂Emotion is a specific manner of apprehending the world＂ and transforming the world rather than an ＂accidental modification of a subject who is surrounded by an unchanged world,＂ according to Jean-Paul Sartre. Both Sketch for a Theory of the Emotions and Being and Nothingness set out to investigate these relationships in broadly two ways. One, consciousness of the world of others is experienced through our emotions （anger, fear, shame, and pride for instance） as a body that escapes our grasp in being-seen-by-another. Two, we apprehend the world through our emotions in the process of magical transformation （for example, fear, melancholy, and sadness）. This paper examines emotions on two levels： how we experience our ontological state as being-for-itself-in-itself and being-in-the-world-for-others; and how we conceive emotions as ＂magic＂ changing its relationship with the world ＂so that the world should change its qualities.＂ What is of critical interest here is the relationship between consciousness and emotions. Situating this discussion in the context of Satre＇s critique on psychology, it proceeds to advance his existential psychoanalysis, starting with establishing a place for emotions and concluding with its transformative power to escape their situations.

The Mereology of Marcus Aurelius Antoninus

Mereology （from the Greek μεpoζ） is the branch of ontology which studies the relations of part to whole and the relations of part to part within a whole. The roots of mereology can be traced back to the earliest ancient Greek philosophers （the Presocratics）, Plato, and Aristotle. The mereological approach of the Stoic philosophers in the 1 Roman Empire, however, has been neglected. In this paper, the author offers a sketch of how the Roman emperor and Stoic philosopher Marcus Aurelius Antoninus used mereology in the collection of brief, occasionally cryptic memoranda and self-exhortations which tradition has dubbed the Meditations. The thesis is that Marcus＇ account of parts and wholes is such a prevalent theme throughout this work because mereological analyses provide him an understanding of what he is, what the cosmos is and how it works, and the purposes of all rational beings, both as agents in the social community and as citizens of the state. That is, the conceptual power and explanatory flexibility of mereology enable Marcus to reason to conclusions about ontology, the nature of a human person, ethical ideals, and a political worldview. As a consequence, a good grasp of Marcus＇ mereology provides a clear and detailed overview of a wide swath of the philosophical terrain in his Meditations.

Which Ontology behind Narrative Ethics

This paper addresses the relationship between ontology and ethics, as outlined in Charles Taylor＇s essay ＂Ethics and Ontology,＂ problematizing it from a narrative ethics viewpoint. It attempts to overcome the ＂binary＂ dichotomy presented in Taylor＇s essay, insisting instead in favour of an approach that distances itself from both reductionist naturalism and ancient and medieval ontological models. The move towards narrative ethics is positioned in relation to an implicit ontology. Taylor recognizes that man＇s way of life ＂consists of ways of sense making;＂ this human trait thus being an ontological presupposition, or precomprehension. Here, I suggest that this pre-narrative quality is in fact an ex ante projection of the work of meaning-making, arising ex post and, crucially, not universally attainable. If it were, it would be an unwarranted ontologization of features of human moral experience. Organizing the relationship between ontology and ethics within the perspective of narrative ethics does not mean doing away with the ontological dimension. Indeed, as this paper seeks to demonstrate, the ontological background of narrative ethics may be traced from a phenomenology of fragility, exposure, and interdependence. The definition of man as a self-interpreting animal should therefore be delineated in the sense of an endeavour; in this way, the individual can build up his own mediated relation with meaning, and, as a result, the practice of self-narrative becomes available to all.

共同富裕的哲学理据

共同富裕是社会主义的本质要求。今天中国追求实现的共同富裕是对两极分化的历史跨越,开启了全体中国人民过上更加美好生活的新征程。共同富裕的理念和目标所针对的是基于市场经济的现代文明导致的"贫富两极分化",以及传统社会人剥削人、人压迫人制度导致的长期无法解决的富人与穷人的严重不平等和尖锐对立问题。把共同富裕作为奋斗目标的根本合理性在于,实现共同富裕不是要"均贫富",剥夺富裕者,而是要使全体社会成员都成为富裕者,获得自由而全面的发展。第一个百年奋斗目标的实现,全面小康社会的建成,这些历史事实向全世界宣示,共同富裕这一奋斗目标已经成为得到实践检验的伟大真理。

Regulatory effects of antitumor agent matrine on FOXO and PI3K-AKT pathway in castration-resistant prostate cancer cells

We previously demonstrated that matrine could inhibit the proliferating, migrating, as well as invading processes of both PC-3 and DU145 cells. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms have not yet been clearly defined. In this study, using various techniques such as high throughput sequencing technology, bioinformatics, quantitative real-time PCR, and immunoblot analysis,we aimed to understand whether matrine serves as a novel regulator of FOXO and PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. DU145 and PC-3 cell lines were cultured for 24 h in vitro. Cells were treated with either matrine or control serum for 48 h, followed by extraction of total RNA. The RNA was sequenced using HiSeq 2500 high-throughput sequencing platform (Illumina). A gene library was established and quality analysis of read data carried out. Integrated database from the website DAVID was used to analyze Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway of differential genes was used for pathway analysis, screening for fold differences of more than two times. The FOXO and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways were screened, and expression levels of mRNA and core protein detected by real-time PCR and immunoblotting, respectively. High throughput sequencing and GO analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes before and after treatment played an important role in cell metabolic process, growth process, anatomical structure formation, cellular component organization, and biological regulation. KEGG signal pathway analysis revealed that FOXO and PI3K-AKT signal pathways had a significant difference between before and after matrine-treated androgen-independent prostate cancer cells PC-3 and DU145. Real-time PCR showed that matrine treatment led to a significant increase in the expression levels of FOXO1A, FOXO3A, FOXO4, and FOXO6 in DU145 and PC-3 cells (P<0.01 or P<0.05), whereas the PI3K expression levels decreased (P<0.01). Similarly, immunoblotting revealed a significant increase (P<0.05) in the expression levels of FOXO1A FOXO3A, FOXO4, and FOXO6 in both PC-3 and DU145 cells, whereas PI3K expression levels decreased (P<0.05). Matrine had a broad regulating effect on the mRNA expression profiles of both PC-3 and DU145 cells. Matrine may inhibit cell proliferation, migration, as well as invasion, and induce apoptosis in both PC-3 and DU145 cells through FOXO and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways. Matrine could therefore be used as a complementary drug to present chemotherapeutic agents, for treating androgen-independent prostate cancer.

An XPath-based OWL storage model for effective ontology management in Semantic Web environment

With the rapid growth of the Web, the volume of information on the Web is increasing exponentially. However, information on the current Web is only understandable to humans, and this makes precise information retrieval difficult. To solve this problem, the Semantic Web was proposed. We must use ontology languages that can assign data the semantics for realizing the Semantic Web. One of the representative ontology languages is the Web ontology language OWL, adopted as a recommen-dation by the World-Wide Web Consortium (W3C). OWL includes hierarchical structural information between classes or prop-erties. Therefore, an efficient OWL storage model that considers a hierarchical structure for effective information retrieval on the Semantic Web is required. In this paper we suggest an XPath-based OWL storage (XPOS) model, which includes hierarchical information between classes or properties in XPath form, and enables intuitive and effective information retrieval. Also, we show the comparative evaluation results for the performance of the XPOS model, Sesame, and the XML file system-based storage (XFSS) model, in terms of query processing and ontology updating.

Ontology-Driven Discovering Model for Geographical Information Services

This paper proposes an ontology-driven discovering model for the geographical information services to improve their recall ratio and precision ratio. This model uses the geographical information service ontology. In this paper, first we study the multilevel matching arithmetic of geographical information services. This arithmetic is used for filtering and matching the services in the service register center according to the similarity between services selected and services requested from the definition of the function similarity and credit standing similarity. The matching arithmetic, geographical information service ontology and semantic description constitute the discovering model. Finally, we test and analyze the model from the recall ratio, precision ratio, responsivity and load balance. The result indicates that the ontology-driven discovering model is excellent in recall ratio and precision ratio, and can maintain the dynamic load balance of service copy.

A new thermo-elasto-plasticity constitutive equation for crystals

Based on the crystal plasticity theory and interatomic potential, in this paper a new thermo-elasto-plasticity constitutive model is proposed to study the behavior of metal crystals at finite temperature. By applying the present constitutive model, the stress-strain curves under uniaxial tension at different temperatures are calculated for the typical crystal A1, and the calculated results are compared with the experimental results. From the comparisons, it can be seen that the present theory has the capability to describe the thermo-elasto-plastic behavior of metal crystals at finite temperature through a concise and explicit calculation process.