通过对敦煌藏文文书P. T. 1078号诉讼案卷所涉吐蕃职官和制度进行分析,并结合其他文书的研究,进一步探讨吐蕃瓜沙地区司法上诉程序,可以得知吐蕃时期当地官府对僧人与俗人之间,或僧团内部纠纷案件的上诉与普通上诉案件是区别对待的。再...通过对敦煌藏文文书P. T. 1078号诉讼案卷所涉吐蕃职官和制度进行分析,并结合其他文书的研究,进一步探讨吐蕃瓜沙地区司法上诉程序,可以得知吐蕃时期当地官府对僧人与俗人之间,或僧团内部纠纷案件的上诉与普通上诉案件是区别对待的。再结合11世纪藏文史籍《弟吴宗教源流》记载的吐蕃司法制度进行分析,认为16世纪藏文史籍《贤者喜宴》关于吐蕃司法制度的记载源自《弟吴宗教源流》,但对之进行了简化,使人不易理解,《弟吴宗教源流》所记载的内容更为详细、准确,值得学界予以重视,从中也可以了解唐朝司法制度对吐蕃地方司法制度的影响。展开更多
Urochondra setulosa （Trin.） C.E. Hubbard is a coastal halophytic grass thriving on the coastal dunes along the Pakistani seashore. This grass could be useful in coastal sand dune stabilization using seawater irrigat...Urochondra setulosa （Trin.） C.E. Hubbard is a coastal halophytic grass thriving on the coastal dunes along the Pakistani seashore. This grass could be useful in coastal sand dune stabilization using seawater irrigation. The purpose of this investigation was to test the hypothesis that Ca^2＋ （0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 and 50.0 mmol/L） alleviates the adverse effects of KC1, MgSO4, NaC1 and Na2SO4 at 0, 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 mmol/L on the germination of Urochondra setulosa. Seed germination was inhibited with increase in salt concentration with few seeds germinated at and above 400 mmol/L concentration. No seed germinated in any of the KC1 treatments. Inclusion of CaC12 substantially alleviated the inhibitory effects of all salts. Germination was higher under photoperiod in comparison to those seeds germinated under complete darkness. Among the CaC12 concentrations used, 10 mmol/L was most effective in alleviating salinity effects and allowing few seeds to germinate at 1000 mmol/L KC1, MgSO4, NaC1 and Na2SO4 solution.展开更多
文摘通过对敦煌藏文文书P. T. 1078号诉讼案卷所涉吐蕃职官和制度进行分析,并结合其他文书的研究,进一步探讨吐蕃瓜沙地区司法上诉程序,可以得知吐蕃时期当地官府对僧人与俗人之间,或僧团内部纠纷案件的上诉与普通上诉案件是区别对待的。再结合11世纪藏文史籍《弟吴宗教源流》记载的吐蕃司法制度进行分析,认为16世纪藏文史籍《贤者喜宴》关于吐蕃司法制度的记载源自《弟吴宗教源流》,但对之进行了简化,使人不易理解,《弟吴宗教源流》所记载的内容更为详细、准确,值得学界予以重视,从中也可以了解唐朝司法制度对吐蕃地方司法制度的影响。
基金Project supported by the 16th Pakistan-China Cooperation Project(Study on Sustainable Halophytes Utilization, No. 16-413)
文摘Urochondra setulosa （Trin.） C.E. Hubbard is a coastal halophytic grass thriving on the coastal dunes along the Pakistani seashore. This grass could be useful in coastal sand dune stabilization using seawater irrigation. The purpose of this investigation was to test the hypothesis that Ca^2＋ （0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 and 50.0 mmol/L） alleviates the adverse effects of KC1, MgSO4, NaC1 and Na2SO4 at 0, 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 mmol/L on the germination of Urochondra setulosa. Seed germination was inhibited with increase in salt concentration with few seeds germinated at and above 400 mmol/L concentration. No seed germinated in any of the KC1 treatments. Inclusion of CaC12 substantially alleviated the inhibitory effects of all salts. Germination was higher under photoperiod in comparison to those seeds germinated under complete darkness. Among the CaC12 concentrations used, 10 mmol/L was most effective in alleviating salinity effects and allowing few seeds to germinate at 1000 mmol/L KC1, MgSO4, NaC1 and Na2SO4 solution.
