勐甘蔗区甘蔗褐条病重发原因与防治措施

甘蔗褐条病是近年沧源县勐甘蔗区甘蔗上的主要病害。蔗苗受害后影响光合作用进行，植株生长缓慢，降低产量和含糖量，品种抗病性与气候条件是发病的主要原因，文中针对发病因素，提出控制该病的有效措施。

甘蔗产区土地人口承载力的分析——以广西贵县为例

贵县位于北纬23°07′,东经109°37′,属于南亚热带季风气候,全县总耕地面积121.73万亩,其中甘蔗(主要是糖蔗)面积31.19万亩,是广西最大的糖蔗产区。本文以贵县甘蔗产区为例,分析甘蔗产区土地人口承载量。 一、甘蔗产量上限求算 甘蔗产量取决于气候、土壤、遗传告特性和管理水平。在气候条件中,当温度和水分得到满足时,光照对有机物质积累起着特殊的作用。甘蔗干物质的积累有90％以上是来自光合作用的产物,光合生产潜力大小在一定程度上能反映甘蔗产量的上限,

乙烯利对甘蔗叶鞘离区细胞形态变化及其脱叶性的影响

利用乙烯利处理难脱叶和易脱叶甘蔗(Saccharum spp.hybrids)品种,研究分析了形态学完全展开叶以下第3、5、7叶叶鞘离区细胞形态与脱叶性的变化关系。结果表明:乙烯利处理后,两个甘蔗品种第3、5、7叶位离区组织细胞截面积变大,细胞密度变小,表皮细胞排列变松散,且离区细胞壁空心点和断裂点增加。乙烯利处理后20 d时,甘蔗品种‘GT02-467’第3、5、7叶和‘YZ03-194’第5叶的离区乙烯释放速率均显著高于对照。乙烯利处理后35和60 d,‘GT02-467’的自然脱叶率分别比对照高5.8%和5.3%,‘YZ03-194’的自然脱叶率比对照高9.8%和10.7%。本研究从叶鞘离区细胞形态生理水平上明确了乙烯利对甘蔗脱叶性的促进作用,为进一步深入研究乙烯利调控甘蔗脱叶生理机制提供参考。

Comparison of Several Statistical Analysis Models for Genotypic Stability of Saccharum officinarum

[Objective] The study aimed to compare several statistical analysis models for estimating the sugarcane （Saccharum spp.） genotypic stability. [Method] The data of sugarcane regional trials in Guangdong, in 2009 was analyzed by three models respectively： Finlay and Wilkinson model： the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction （AMMI） model and linear regression-principal components analysis （LR- PCA） model, so as to compare the models. [Result] The Finlay and Wilkinson model was easier, but the analysis of the other two models was more comprehensive, and there was a bit difference between the additive main effects and multiplicative inter- action （AMMI） model and linear regression-principal components analysis （LR-PCA） model. [Conclusion] In practice, while the proper statistical method was usually con- sidered according to the different data, it should be also considered that the same data should be analyzed with different statistical methods in order to get a more reasonable result by comparison.

Sugarcane Requirement of Water and Effect of Fertigation on Sugarcane

The sugarcane is a main sugar crop in China. The seasonal drying is one of the problems that influence the improvement of output and quality of sugarcane in China. The experimental results for the water requirement and fertigation of the sugarcane showed, that the distribution of the rainfall in spring, autumn and winter, all could not suit the requirements for sugarcane growth. Detailedly, it can suit that sugarcane requirement of 74.4%, 68.6% and 35.7% respectively at seedling emerging stage, tillering stage and mature stage according to sugarcane growth. The drought has already limited the yield of sugarcane. Application of fertigation can enhance the fertilizer use efficiency, and it is also a water saving technique in sugarcane production.

Occurrence Dynamics and Control Strategies of Major Pests and Diseases of Sugarcane in Yunnan

In recent years, the occurrence and harm of many kinds of pests and diseases have become increasingly serious in Yunnan sugarcane areas, which have greatly affected the sustained and stable development of sugarcane production, so the situation of their prevention and control has become rigorous. In order to scien- tifically and effectively prevent and control pests and diseases of sugarcane to en- sure the safety of sugarcane production, on the basis of an investigation and re- search, according to the present situation of sugarcane production in Yunnan, the occurrence dynamics of major pests and diseases of sugarcane were analyzed, and corresponding control strategies were proposed according to the major pests and diseases as well as their occurrence and damage characteristics.

Study on the Sulfur Nutrition of the Sugarcane and Balance of Sulfur in Soil for Sugarcane Planting Areas

Areas of planting sugarcane are located in subtropical and tropical parts of Guangxi. These areas are characterized by high temperature, heavy rainfall and nutrients leaching. It results in strong decomposition of soil mineral and a low cation exchange capacity （CEC）, low organic matter, and low phosphorus （P）, potassium （K） and sulfur （S） in soils. In about 30% of the soils in the planting sugarcane regions the total sulfur and the plant-available sulfur are under 150 mg/kg and 12 mg/kg, respectively. The sulfur nutrition is usually supplied insufficiently for sugarcane growth. The total sulfur of and available sulfur are under the medium level in nearly 50% of the soils in the planting sugarcane regions. Therefore, with the improvement of production of the sugarcane, the sulfur soil nutrition will influence and limit sugarcane yield. After application of sulfur fertilizer, available stem, single stem weight increased 5.77%-9.43% of sugarcane yield than without the treatment. It still can improve the cane sugar and fibre content. And the sugarcane can obtain better economic benefits to use the sulfur phosphorus ammonium; it is 18.2-20.23 with output/input （VCR） to use the sulfur fertilizer. Amount of sugarcane absorption sulfur reaches 44.1-67 kg/ha. The treatment with no sulfur fertilizer annual sulfur nutrient lose will be 23.67 kg/ha because sugarcane yield uptake from the field.

Study on Influence of Soil Erosion for Different Covered Patterns in Karst Slope of Sugarcane Planting Regions

Sugarcane production is mainly slope cultivation, so soil erosion was serious. The results showed that the different coverage methods have a higher production rate of 39.26%-41.22%, than the control treatment （blank） without covering, so yield-increasing effect was significant. As annual rainfall is around 1,250 mm and the control treatment（blank） without covering, the whole year of fertilizer runoff was 175 mm, the average soil content of runoff water was 2.22 g/L, and the total amount of soil loss was 3585.0 kg/ha. The treatment with farmer fertilization practice ＋ plastic film mulching annual runoff water was 153 mm, the average soil content of runoff water was 2.30 g/L, and the total soil loss of volume was 3183.0 kg/ha. The treatment with optimize fertilization ＋ plastic film mulching annual runoff water was 141mm, the average soil content of runoff water was 2.42 g/L, and the total amount of soil loss was 2958.0 kg/ha. Sugarcane leaves covered treatment runoff did not occur throughout the year. The coverage of treatment compared with the control treatment, runoff water reduction is in the range of 12.6-16.0%, is 15.8-23.8% reduction in the amount of runoff soil. Treatment with no fertilization nutrient N loss was 5.760 kg/ha, and P205 loss was 2.565 kg/ha in runoff water. Farmer fertilization treatments the nutrient N loss was 12.435 kg/ha, and the loss P205 was mulching treatment nutrient N loss was 7.755 kg/ha, and P205 loss was 3.960 kg/ha in water runoff. Optimizing fertilization ＋ plastic 3.540 kg/ha in runoff water.