地质钻探工艺技术中的安全与生产管理

随着我国经济的不断发展,地质钻探业也随之不断发展,地质钻探工艺的安全成为了钻探企业着重关注的问题,本文就地质钻探工艺技术中的安全与生产管理进行探究,探究现阶段存在的问题以及管理措施,旨在提高工艺水平与工艺质量,确保施工的安全进行。

Standardized Production Technology of Virus-free Seed Potato

The research reviewed standardized production technology of virus-free seed potato, including stem tip isolation, tissue culture seedling production, breeder＇s seed and protospecies production, and standard potato tubers＇ production, and concluded a set of standardized production technology for virus-free seed potato, in order to provide theoretical references for improving potato yield.

Standardized Cultivation of Cold Region Rice in Heilongjiang Reclamation Area

The paper analyzes the characteristics of rice production in Heilongjiang Reclamation Area(HRA)and the achievements made through innovative research and practice,evaluates the standardized mode of rice cultivation and technical standards for rice production,which play a key role in guaranteeing the growth of grain total output in Heilongjiang reclamation area and make great contributions to the national grain safety.

Optimum Fish for Fish Glue Processing for Fish Skin Value Added and the Glue Character

Fish glue is the collagen from scale skin and bone of fish. It is known for value added product from fish processing and the adhesive agent for wood paper book binding etc. This work was aimed with the method to produce fish glue from fish skin through representing optimum fish type and its glue character by study on standard method for fish glue processing （using Oreochromis niloticus skin as the model）, optimum fish type and characterization of the glue from optimum fish skin. Soaking fish skin in 0.1 N NaOH for 6 h and changed it every 3 h for pretreatment before acid extraction with 0.5 M acetic acid was the optimum condition for the standard processing. Among 20 types （O. niloticus, Oreochromis sp., Nemipterus sp., Psettodes erumei, Epiephelus malabaricus, Sphyraena obstsata, Channa striata, Xenentodon cancila, Barbonymus gonionotus, Liza vaigiensis, Anabas testudineus, Chanos chanos, Micronema bleekeri, Thunnus tonggol, Rastrelliger brachysom, Epinephelus lanceolatus, Lutjanus lineolatus, Pomadasys hasta, Selar crumenophthalmus and Sardaorentalis sp.）, Chanos chanos was an appropriate type for glue production. Fat, protein, carbohydrate, moisture, pH and viscosity of Chanos chanos glue were 0.32%, 4.23%, 83.8%, 11.56%, 3.35, 4,978.33-8,180 cp, respectively. The glue was collagen type I which was composed ofal （148 kDa） and a2 （129 kDa） chain and could bind paper, wood and foam sheet.

Survey and Conservation of Indigenous Fruits of Western Ghats

Western Ghats region of India is one of the biodiversity hotspots of the world. The topography, wide rainfall variation and varied temperature conditions enable inhabitancy of several plant species. This plant wealth is being used in various forms by tribes and natives of the area for centuries. These gain further importance due to the fact that ripe fruits serve as a source of food and medicine to tribes throughout the year. These wild fruits are source of minerals and vitamins in the diet of the rural people. The potential productivity and floristic diversity of the area have attracted the experts. There are more than 50 wild edible fruit species are available in Western Ghats region. These belong to 25 families and 38 genera. Out of the 25 families, the important ones as a source of fruits are Apocynaceae, Anacardiaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Moraceae, Sapotaceae and Sapindaceae. The fruiting period of different species ranges between two and six months. The highest number of species mature from April to May. The availability of these fruits reduces after October. Some of these fruits, such as Mangifera indica, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Carissa carandas, Emblica officinalis and Syzygium cuminii, have been given emphasis in order to identify high yield and high fruit quality clones and standardization of production technologies. The collection, conservation and utilization on some of the fruits, such as Garcinia indica and Garcinia gummigutta have started at various research organizations. Some other fruits, namely Chrysophyllum roxburghii （Family Sapotaceae）, Canthium parviflora Lamk syn. Plectronia parviflora （Lam.） Bedd. （Family Rubiaceae）, Elaeagnus conferta Roxbsyn, Elaeagnus latifolia L. （Family Elaeagnaceae）, Securina leucopyrus syn. Flueggea leucopyrus （Family Euphorbiaceae）, Elaeocarpus tuberculatus Roxb. （Family Elaeocarpaceae）, Nephelium stipulacum Bedd. syn. Doratoxylon stipulatum （Family Sapindaceae） have potential for commercial cultivation. Thus, attempts were made with the objective of recording availability of these species, proximate analysis and their on farm and off farm conservation at Central Horticultural Experiment Station （CHES）. Few plants were also provided to local growers on farm conservation. The continuous depletion of forest and the increasing human disturbance resulted in losses of these species. There is need to conserve these fruits for future.

Study on Standardized Work Suitable for Smaller Enterprises

Many smaller manufacturers utilize production systems such as ＂individual production＂ and the ＂production of many models in small quantities.＂ In the processes for the ＂production of many models in small quantities＂ by multi-skilled workers, a manufacturer cannot make good use of the management method with standardized work tables used by large enterprises. Thus, it is necessary to develop ways to f＇md standardized work that is suitable for smaller enterprises. Therefore, we investigated two kinds of factories that utilized flexible manufacturing procedures for the ＂production of many models in small quantities,＂ and considered their work instructions, work contents, changeover methods, workers＇ abilities, etc. One of the compared processes was a case where there was defined standardized work, which was not observed. In the other, a QA （quality assurance） network was created to guarantee the quality. Based on the investigation results, we formulated improvement plans, had the supervisors review them, and clarified the characteristics of their problems. The results revealed areas where much attention was required to find standardized work for such processes. In addition, we made it possible to support the specification of difficult tasks and the renewal of standardized work by extending a standardized work table for the entry of workers＇ actions. This paper reports a method to define and make good use of standardized work tables and standardized work combination tables, i.e., a way to find and use standardized work based on the results of the previously mentioned factory investigation.

On the Doctrinal and Institutional Organization of a Buddhist Commentarial Project Commissioned by Ming Taizu

A commentarial project commissioned by emperor Ming Taizu （r.1368-1398） in 1377, which was dedicated to the Prajnaparamita-hrdaya-sutra, theVajracchedika-prajfiaparamita-sutra, and the Lankavatara-sutra, defined coherent standards of Buddhist learning by reference to early Chinese translations and Indian commentarial literature. In order to provide a clear-cut basis for the education of the clergy, its selective and reductive approach aimed at a standardization of doctrine and homogenization of terminology. Production and purport of the commentarial project are documented in a series of paratexts, prefaces, colophons, production notes and memoranda. They indicate a strong consciousness for the institutional, ideological and political aspects of the production procedure and its benefits for controlling the formation of Buddhist authority. Such decidedly functional under- standing of the institutional aspects of the production of exegesis leads to the conclusion that besides the normativity of doctrinal knowledge the main objective was to establish a basis for institutional integration of those who are in the privileged position to select whom they allow to assume authority, and to define the selection standards as well.