基于技术创新的生产链管理研究

技术创新对于企业的生存与发展是至关重要的,生产链管理也是许多企业提高竞争能力的方法。本文从分析技术创新对生产链管理的影响入手,分析生产链管理中技术创新的配套性与企业竞争力之间的关系,提出以技术创新为生产链管理基础的生产链管理基本运作模式,对于有效提高企业竞争力有着重要意义。

荷兰咖啡企业绿色生产和消费实施研究

面对不断恶化的生态环境和不断枯竭的自然资源,绿色生产和消费已在世界范围内被很多公司接受并采纳。在许多发达国家,经济利益的最大化已不再是企业发展的唯一目标,肩负起正当的社会责任和树立良好的企业形象成为保证企业长久良性发展的重要因素。以荷兰Peeze咖啡公司为研究对象,分析了其在产品生产和消费过程中,所推行的一系列减小环境影响的举措,并甄别薄弱环节,对绿色生产和消费提出了进一步深化的建议。Peeze公司的实例说明,绿色生产和消费理念可以在公司层面上得到深层次、多方位的施行。

Impact of Sophisticated Stationary Forecast Techniques on the Bullwhip Effect in a Supply Chain

The bullwhip effect in a multistage supply chain was analyzed using sophisticated stationary forecasts (third order moving average and third order exponential smoothing forecasts). The third order exponential smoothing and third order moving average forecasts sometimes have a variance reducing effect on the supply chain.In a supply chain with positively correlated or independent and identically distributed (i.i.d) demands, the order variance based on simple moving average forecast (or simple exponential smoothing forecast) is larger than the order variance based on second order moving average forecast (or second order exponential smoothing forecast),and the order variance based on second order moving average forecast( or second order exponential smoothing forecast) is larger than the order variance based on third order moving average forecast( or third order exponential smoothing forecast). In addition, for i.i.d demands, third order exponential smoothing forecast leads to a larger variation than third order moving average forecast.

Design-Manufacture Interface Relationship Management in Supply Chain

As firms come under greater market pressure, the management of the inter-functional design/manufacture relationship becomes a more important competitive variable. The characteristics of the design-manufacture interface were analyzed, and several methods of the design-manufacture interface relationship management were compared. Based on theories concerned and enterprise practice, how to manage the relationship of design-manufacture interface to reduce the product cost and shorten the time-to-market was demonstrated, finally the competitive advantage was improved.

Collaborative production planning between supply chain partners by Lagrangian relaxation

A collaborative planning framework based on the Lagrangian Relaxation was developed to coordinate and optimize the production planning of independent partners in multiple tier supply chains. Linking constraints and dependent demand constraints were added to the monolithic Multi-Level, multi-item Capacitated Lot Sizing Problem (MLCLSP). MLCLSP was Lagrangian relaxed and decomposed into facility-separable subproblems. Surrogate gradient algorithm was used to update Lagrangian multipliers, which coordinate decentralized decisions of the facilities. Production planning of independent partners could be appropriately coordinated and optimized by this framework without intruding their decisionities and private information. Experimental results show that the proposed coordination mechanism and procedure come close to optimal results as obtained by central coordination.

A Study on Preconditions Setting of Long-Term Contract between Manufacturer and Component Supplier

To provide a risk-sharing mechanism that encourages a component supplier and a manufacturer to expand their production capacity of components and products, many researches on SCM suggested that it is better for the SC players to connect a long-term contract with flexible preconditions before doing the decision-making of production capacity. With considering of the uncertainty of demand and integrity problems between SC players, it is difficult to set reasonable preconditions. As a result, under-investment problems still occur frequently. In this paper, after we had discussed the decision-making of production capacity with the preconditions by analyzing the character of the players, we verified the under-investment problem of the supply chain. In order to clarify the optimum preconditions to alleviate the under-investment problem, we also analyzed the relations between preconditions and supply capacity of the whole supply chain. In the last part of this paper, we proposed a method of preconditions setting in such uncertain situations.

Commercialization Management of National Commodities for Oil and Gas Industry in Iran

This article shows a side segment of efforts toward finding ways to successfully commercialize a high tech product in Iran. During last decades, sanctions against importing petrochemical most used and needed utilities caused difficulties for Iranian petrochemical production chain. Inconveniences provoked Iranian specialists to achieve technical knowledge toward finding new ways of local producing. Attempting（s） had been encompassed to complete the whole chain of production and consumption inside of the country. Concepts implicate that during recent years, Iranian specialists have taken special steps toward localizing needed catalysts as an example of important commodities. Considerable amount of analyses have been made by Iranian petrochemical community probing the problems and obstacles associated with successful producing and what it really takes for a successful commercialization. Thematic analysis has been implicated as the research method to evaluate concepts represented as interviewees＇ analyzed declarations. Themes are analyzed toward mapping a successful merging with parties involved along with focusing on national commercializing streamline. Findings show that the idea of executing venture capital agencies as a new sector in the sequence of Iranian governmental and private petrochemical network has been appraised. Also, evaluating network management between parties involved and ways of policy making by the expert individuals are considered as the foremost factors to converse. Benchmarking feels as a necessary aspect as well to consider in the merging process. It has been concluded vital for Iranian companies to assess their own efficiency with accepted international standards, while on the other hand, they can take benchmark as a coming out opportunity when they commercialize in new intact market cooperating with renowned foreign companies.

A GA Based Algorithm to Solve the Multi-stage Supply Chain Optimization Problem

The multi-stage supply chain optimization problem is an important subject for research. Syaxif et al. have studied the problem formulated by a 0-1 mixed integer linear programming model, and presented a st-GA （spanning tree-based genetic algorithm） by using Priifer number representation as the solution method of the model. On the basis of the work done by Syarif et al., a rst-GA （revised st-GA ） to solve the multi-stage supply chain optimization problem, is presented in this paper by means of introducing new sym- metric encoding ＆ decoding procedures of Priifer number, and adopting new chromosome＇s decoding strategy, etc. To facilitate building related decision-making support system, a C language implementation method of the rst-GA is also presented in this paper. Numerical experiments have validated that the rst-GA has better performance than the st-GA.