Work on the production and quality evaluation ofE. anomala spiced chocolate drinks was reported. This is done in order to establish the best concentration of the spice to be adopted in the chocolate drinks production....Work on the production and quality evaluation ofE. anomala spiced chocolate drinks was reported. This is done in order to establish the best concentration of the spice to be adopted in the chocolate drinks production. E. anomala seed powder was added into chocolate formulation in various concentrations [1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, as samples A, B, C, D with sample E as the control （no spice added）]. These samples were analyzed for difference quality attributes like： the proximate composition, minerals and chemical analysis, microbiological analysis, as well as the sensory evaluation using standard methods. The proximate composition showed the percentage moisture content ranging between 85.1 ±0.11 and 85.5± 0.10, ash content between 0.4 ± 0.00 and 0.5 ± 0.10, protein content between 1.0± 0.01 and 1.1 ± 0.11, fat content between 0.4 ± 0.1 land 0.5 ± 0.00 and carbohydrate content between 12.5 ±0.10 and 12.7 ±0.10. The minerals： 0.05 ±0.10 mg/kg, zinc： 0.01 4- 0.11 mg/kg, lead： 0.1 ± 0.10 mg/kg, and copper 0.1±0.1/l mg/kg, Mangeulese were obtained while cadmium was not detected at all. The chemical analysis gave between 5.03 ± 0. l t to 5.35 ±0.10, and pH 3.17 ± 0.10 to 3.67± 0.10, and total titratable acidity between 32.47 ± 0.10 to 32.50 ±0.10 tbr Brix. ttowever, sample C （3%） E. anomala spiced chocolate drink has the highest nutrients composition than all the other samples. All the samples have low microbial count, less than 3.5 ×10^3 load which is below the safe level of 1.0 ×10^3 but on the overall, sample C has the least value. Conclusively, smnple C, （chocolate spiced at 3% concentration） is established as the best sample nutritionally, microbiologically and on the overall acceptability.展开更多
Conversion of non-edible biomass into fuels and value-added chemicals has achieved great attention to cope the world's energy requirements. Lignocellulose based sugar alcohols such as sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, ...Conversion of non-edible biomass into fuels and value-added chemicals has achieved great attention to cope the world's energy requirements. Lignocellulose based sugar alcohols such as sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, and erythritol can be potentially used as emerging fuels and chemicals. These sugar alcohols can be converted into widely used products(e.g. polymer synthesis, food and pharmaceuticals industry). The heterogeneous catalytic production of sugar alcohols from renewable biomass provides a safe and sustainable approach. Hydrolysis, coupled with hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis has been proved to be more effective strategy for sugar alcohols production from biomass. This review summarizes the recent advances in biomass upgrading reactions for the production of sugar alcohols and their comprehensive applications.展开更多
文摘Work on the production and quality evaluation ofE. anomala spiced chocolate drinks was reported. This is done in order to establish the best concentration of the spice to be adopted in the chocolate drinks production. E. anomala seed powder was added into chocolate formulation in various concentrations [1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, as samples A, B, C, D with sample E as the control （no spice added）]. These samples were analyzed for difference quality attributes like： the proximate composition, minerals and chemical analysis, microbiological analysis, as well as the sensory evaluation using standard methods. The proximate composition showed the percentage moisture content ranging between 85.1 ±0.11 and 85.5± 0.10, ash content between 0.4 ± 0.00 and 0.5 ± 0.10, protein content between 1.0± 0.01 and 1.1 ± 0.11, fat content between 0.4 ± 0.1 land 0.5 ± 0.00 and carbohydrate content between 12.5 ±0.10 and 12.7 ±0.10. The minerals： 0.05 ±0.10 mg/kg, zinc： 0.01 4- 0.11 mg/kg, lead： 0.1 ± 0.10 mg/kg, and copper 0.1±0.1/l mg/kg, Mangeulese were obtained while cadmium was not detected at all. The chemical analysis gave between 5.03 ± 0. l t to 5.35 ±0.10, and pH 3.17 ± 0.10 to 3.67± 0.10, and total titratable acidity between 32.47 ± 0.10 to 32.50 ±0.10 tbr Brix. ttowever, sample C （3%） E. anomala spiced chocolate drink has the highest nutrients composition than all the other samples. All the samples have low microbial count, less than 3.5 ×10^3 load which is below the safe level of 1.0 ×10^3 but on the overall, sample C has the least value. Conclusively, smnple C, （chocolate spiced at 3% concentration） is established as the best sample nutritionally, microbiologically and on the overall acceptability.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21325208,21172209,21272050,21402181,21572212)Chinese Academy of Science(KJCX2-EW-J02,YZ201563)+5 种基金the Major/Innovative Program of Development Foundation of Hefei Center for Physical Science and Technology(2014FXCX006)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2014M561835)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(20123402130008)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WK2060190025,WK2060190033,WK2060190040,WK6030000023)the Key Technologies R&D Programme of Anhui Province(1604a0702027)Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University of the Ministry of Education of China
文摘Conversion of non-edible biomass into fuels and value-added chemicals has achieved great attention to cope the world's energy requirements. Lignocellulose based sugar alcohols such as sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, and erythritol can be potentially used as emerging fuels and chemicals. These sugar alcohols can be converted into widely used products(e.g. polymer synthesis, food and pharmaceuticals industry). The heterogeneous catalytic production of sugar alcohols from renewable biomass provides a safe and sustainable approach. Hydrolysis, coupled with hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis has been proved to be more effective strategy for sugar alcohols production from biomass. This review summarizes the recent advances in biomass upgrading reactions for the production of sugar alcohols and their comprehensive applications.
