引入“陌生化”理论 培养创新精神

把“陌生化”理论引入教学 ,改革课堂教学模式 ,开拓了崭新的局面。学生学得主动、积极 ,焕发出创造精神 。

糖尿病诊断中常规检验及生化检验的价值比较研究

在糖尿病诊断治疗中,将常规检验方法与生化检验方法应用进来,观察其临床价值。方法:以2020年6月至2021年4月在我院治疗的84例糖尿病患者为例,将所有患者按随机法分为对照组和观察组,对照组应用常规检验方式,观察组应用生化检验方式,比较两组不同检验方法下的检出率及检验效果。结果:基于生化检验方法为主患者的诊断有效率明显高于基于常规检验方法为主的患者(95.24%>64.29%),差异明显(P<0.05);糖尿病患者的空腹血糖和糖化血红蛋白指标明显高于血糖正常者,差异明显(p<0.05)。结果:生化检验方式不仅方便、快捷,而且其有效性也得到肯定,不仅检验率高,而且其有效率也较高,对患者尽早确诊和治疗极为有利,在糖尿病疾病中具有很好的诊断价值。

从一根鞋带看“啃老”

一位母亲为她二十多岁的孩子伤透了心。不得不去找儿童问题专家。

肥胖合并2型糖尿病的血脂紊乱治疗策略

肥胖与2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)、血脂异常关系密切。肥胖合并2型糖尿病的患者血脂达标率低,心血管风险增加。T2DM患者具有独特的血脂特点,表现为甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)水平升高、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein-cholesterol,HDL-C)水平下降,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein-cholesterol,LDL-C)水平正常或轻度升高。血脂异常与胰岛素抵抗和代谢综合征密切相关,其不仅只是代谢紊乱的一种伴随疾病,而且是2型糖尿病的病因之一。而在肥胖合并2型糖尿病的患者中,肥胖可加重血脂紊乱。因此,在肥胖合并2型糖尿病的患者中血脂管理对改善胰岛素抵抗、胰岛β细胞分泌功能意义重大。糖尿病患者因被糖基化的胆固醇和小而密的LDL-C,其动脉粥样硬化进展更迅速、病变更复杂、部位更弥漫、管腔更狭窄。此类人群血脂管理的首要目标是降低LDL-C水平,从而降低心血管事件的发生风险。高TG是糖尿病发病的独立危险因素,降低TG水平并不能明显减少冠心病事件,但可减少胰腺炎的发生风险。治疗方面,以减重为目的的生活方式干预应当作肥胖合并2型糖尿病治疗的基础性措施并长期坚持。以降低LDL-C水平为目的的他汀类及以降低TG水平为目的的贝特类药物分别对于心血管事件减少,预防胰腺炎发生起重要作用。磺脲类、双胍类、α-糖苷酶抑制剂、噻唑烷二酮类、胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂类(glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists,GLP-1RA)对于肥胖合并2型糖尿病的患者均有不同程度地改善血脂的作用。降脂药物、降糖药物治疗在肥胖合并2型糖尿病的患者的血脂管理中均起到至关重要的作用。

China cardiovascular diseases report 2015： a summary

1 Introduction Major and profound changes have taken place in China over the past 30 years. An epidemic of cardiovascular diseases （CVD） in China is emerging as a result of lifestyle changes, urbanization, and the accelerated process of aging. The incidence of CVD is continuously increasing and will remain an upward trend in the next decade. Since 2005,

The current status, threats and protection way of Sanjiang Plain wetland, Northeast China

The Sanjiang Plain is a vast area of alluvial floodplains and low hills in northeast Heilongjiang Province. It is the largest tract of wetlands in China and East Asia outside of Siberia. 28 wetland nature reserves exist on the Sanjiang Plain, and three of them have been listed as wetlands of international importance to water bird conservation by the Ramsar Convention Bureau. The wetlands of Sanjiang Plain are noteworthy for its rich biodiversity, but they continue to decline in area and deteriorate in quality currently. The main threats or constrains, immediate cause, root cause and required response are analyzed in this paper, and the four aspects opinion such as improvement of watershed management, enhancement of protection and restoration of habitats and biodiversity, alternative livelihoods of rural residents living in and near natural wetland reserve, and reinforcement of capacity building of natural reserves are brought forward as the effective measures for the Sanjiang Plain wetland protection.

EFFECTS OF ARSENIC TRIOXIDE ADMINISTRATION STYLES ON LEUKOCYTOSIS

Objective To study the effects of constantly slow intravenous arsenic trioxide （As2O2） infusion regimen on decreasing leukocytosis in vivo and in vitro. Methods Three kinds of leukemia cells, NB4, K562, and acute promyelocyfic leukemia （APL） cells, were cultured in the media with constant concentration and varying concentrations of As2O3 respectively for 24 hours. Seventyfive patients were enrolled in two groups randomly. In trial group, 37 patients received continuously slow intravenous As2O3 infusion regimen for 24 hours with an infusion rate of 8 drips per minute and total infusion duration of about 18- 21 hours daily. In control group, 38 patients received routine regimen with an infusion rate of 45-55 drips per minute and total infusion duration of about 2-3 hours daily for 24 hours. The daily As2O3 dosage was 0. 16 mg/kg. The intracellular arsenic concentration was measured by atomic fluorescence assay. The apoptosis rate of cells, CD33 ^- CD11b ^＋ cells, and CD33^ ＋ CD11b^ - cells were monitored by flow cytometry. Results The apoptosis rates of NB4, K562, and APL leukemia cells in the media with constant As2O3 concentration were 56.6% ±2.4%, 27.6% ±3.1%, and 52.2% ±2. 8%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those with changing As2O3 concentration （23.2% ±2. 1%, 11.0% ±2.5%, and 21.0% ±2.5%, respectively, P〈 0.01）. The apoptosis rates of APL, M2 type acute myeloid leukemia （AML-M2）, and chronic myeloid leukemia （CML） patients in the trial group （28.5% ±1.9%, 9.5% ±0.6%, and 12.5% ±1.8% ） were also significantly higher than those in control group （8.5% ± 2. 2%, 2. 9% ± 0. 8%, and 4. 5% ± 1.2% ; P 〈 0.05 ）. The ratios of CD33 ~ CD11b^- and CD33^- CD11b^＋ cells in control group were significantly higher than those in trial group. Conclusion The continuously slow intravenous As2O3 infusion regimen can obtain high efficiency of apoptosis and low differentiation proportion, relieve leukocytosis, and gain maximal therapeutic benefit.

Structure of Non-stoichiometric Sr_6Gd_(0.61)Sc_(1.39)(BO_3)_6 Crystal

The crystal of the title compound Sr6Gd0.61Sc1.39(BO3)6 (Mr = 1037.00) was grown by Czochralski method. It crystallizes in trigonal, space group 3Rwith a = 12.415(2), c = 9.274(2) ? Z = 3, V = 1238.0(4) 3, Dc = 4.173 g/cm3, l(MoKa) = 0.71073 ? m = 22.278 mm-1, F(000) = 1411, S = 1.213, the final R = 0.0577 and wR = 0.1414 for 401 observed reflections with I>2s(I). In the structure Gd(1)O6 (Gd(1) = Gd0.46 + Sc0.54) and Gd(2)O6 (Gd(2)= Gd0.15 + Sc0.85) are alternately stacked between the planar triangular BO3 groups to form chains extending along the trigonal axis. These chains are connected through the 9-coordinate Sr atoms.

The influence of the mass culture on the contemporary college students＇ daily life

The mass culture penetrates into the world of the daily life of the contemporary college students in all directions. As the most sensitive group of the cultural assimilation, the college students practice various forms of the mass culture in their daily life. The popular culture and the everyday life are inseparable. The mass culture influences and changes the concept of our everyday life and the practice of our daily life, and enriches the connotation of the popular culture. The popular culture greatly enriches and expands the daily life of the college students with the features of the image, the nationhood and the consumption, but it also brings the negative effects that cannot be ignored. The daily life of the college students can be divided into several relative meanings according to their contents and forms, including the communication plate, the emotional plate and the leisure plate. Every meaning plate is concerned about the generation of values in the daily life of the college students, and the mass culture gives fresh and complicated contents to these meanings. How to find the values of their life and how to present oneself is the difficult problems and missions faced by the contemporary college students.

The Particularity of Identity in Amin Maalouf＇ s Ports of Call

This study explores the intricate situation of the coexistence of different identities in Amin Maalouf＇ s Ports of Call （1996）. It contends that identity is complex, flux, and not limited to what is inherited; it is rather a psychological, political, and social amalgamation. Thus, each individual has a unique and particular identity, which is completely different from the others＇. This study is a theoretical and analytical survey of Maalouf＇s Ports of Call. It aims at proving that this novel is an example that Maalouf provides to show the challenges that characters of different identities face, and the obstacles that hinder them from assimilation. The argument is mainly based on Edward Said＇s theories that have opened up discussions about Otherness and multiculturalism, alongside with other postcolonial critics, such as Homi Bhabha. Maalouf＇s book In the Name of Identity： Violence and the Need to Belong （1996） is also integral to this study. The study concludes that it might be possible for people, in parallel with the characters of the novel, to challenge the identity predicament that the world is witnessing nowadays, and accept diversities as a way of life, rather than a reason for waging wars.

Culture： What to Teach and How to Teach It in an EFL Class

This paper discusses the question of the teaching of culture in an EFL （English as a Foreign Language） class. With the open door policy, an increasing number of people in China are learning English or some other language for various purposes. However, they often experience the frustration of failure in communication with foreigners which can sour relationships or business due to their ignorance of the target culture associated with the language they are learning or have learned. Therefore, teaching culture in foreign language classes and learning a second culture while learning a second language have become new slogans, or to be exact, new tasks in the field of English language teaching in China. But how to teach and what to teach remain problematic. The author holds that ＂central code＂ of a culture, i.e., people＇s way of life should be the focus in EFL teaching. Then choosing appropriate and authentic material containing aspects of culture is of great importance. Greater importance should be attached to mass media and multimedia materials and approaches. At the same time, attention should be paid to the cultural behaviour or belief of EFL teachers so as to make more effective teaching

Nutritional status in relation to lifestyle in patients with compensated viral cirrhosis

AIM:To assess the nourishment status and lifestyle of non-hospitalized patients with compensated cirrhosis by using noninvasive methods.METHODS:The subjects for this study consisted of 27 healthy volunteers,59 patients with chronic viral hepatitis,and 74 patients with viral cirrhosis,from urban areas.We assessed the biochemical blood tests,anthropometric parameters,diet,lifestyle and physical activity of the patients.A homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance(HOMA-IR) value of ≥ 2.5 was considered to indicate insulin resistance.We measured height,weight,waist circumference,arm circumference,triceps skin-fold thickness,and handgrip strength,and calculated body mass index,arm muscle circumference(AMC),and arm muscle area(AMA).We interviewed the subjects about their dietary habits and lifestyle using health assessment computer software.We surveyed daily physical activity using a pedometer.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression modeling were used to identify the relevant factors for insulin resistance.RESULTS:The rate of patients with HOMA-IR ≥ 2.5(which was considered to indicate insulin resistance) was 14(35.9%) in the chronic hepatitis and 17(37.8%) in the cirrhotic patients.AMC(%)(control vs chronic hepatitis,111.9% ± 10.5% vs 104.9% ± 10.7%,P = 0.021;control vs cirrhosis,111.9% ± 10.5% vs 102.7% ± 10.8%,P = 0.001) and AMA(%)(control vs chronic hepatitis,128.2% ± 25.1% vs 112.2% ± 22.9%,P = 0.013;control vs cirrhosis,128.2% ± 25.1% vs 107.5% ± 22.5%,P = 0.001) in patients with chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis were significantly lower than in the control subjects.Handgrip strength(%) in the cirrhosis group was significantly lower than in the controls(control vs cirrhosis,92.1% ± 16.2% vs 66.9% ± 17.6%,P < 0.001).The results might reflect a decrease in muscle mass.The total nutrition intake and amounts of carbohydrates,protein and fat were not significantly different amongst the groups.Physical activity levels(kcal/d)(control vs cirrhosis,210 ± 113 kcal/d vs 125 ± 74 kcal/d,P = 0.001),number of steps(step/d)(control vs cirrhosis,8070 ±3027 step/d vs 5789 ± 3368 step/d,P = 0.011),and exercise(Ex)(Ex/wk)(control vs cirrhosis,12.4 ± 9.3 Ex/wk vs 7.0 ± 7.7 Ex/wk,P = 0.013) in the cirrhosis group was significantly lower than the control group.The results indicate that the physical activity level of the chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis groups were low.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression modeling suggested that Ex was associated with insulin resistance(odds ratio,6.809;95% CI,1.288-36.001;P = 0.024).The results seem to point towards decreased physical activity being a relevant factor for insulin resistance.CONCLUSION:Non-hospitalized cirrhotic patients may need to maintain an adequate dietary intake and receive lifestyle guidance to increase their physical activity levels.

Geographical Patterns of Cultural Values, Entrepreneurship and Economic Development

Globalization and information technologies are new realities that have brought profound changes in lifestyles worldwide. This is reshaping the overall pattern of life custom, cultural production, consumption and trade in a world increasingly filled with changes and economic diversity. In an age of globalization, often ask questions and discussions concerning about successes and vitalities of nations. Globalization and technological revolutions race ahead and transform the world, and how to traces the real business to success. There are thousands of good examples where any nations have shown entrepreneurial talents and have succeeded. It is culture that principally explains, in many cases, or geographical pattern where some countries are developing more rapidly and more successfully than others. How to explain economic success of this nation＇s miracles or simple the secret is creative entrepreneurships？ This paper explores the complex interactions between the geographic pattern from one side and cultural, technological and social aspects of entrepreneurship from other side which generates the dynamic processes of the world economy. In this era of transformation, creativity and knowledge entrepreneurship are powerful tools of fostering economic progress and development.

Beginnings of Modern Urbanity and Architectural Expression： The Balkan Tale of Northern Greece

The urban consciousness under foreign domination is a complex issue, especially when the reporting period is the 19th century, the century of great social, ethnic, and economic changes in Europe. The issue is further complicated in the case of the Balkans, during the latter period of Ottoman rule. But how did certain cities manage to emerge from rural or suburban enslaved routine and develop a European urbanity？ An urbanity expressed itself as lifestyle （habits, costumes, entertainment）, as art and as formation of the urban environment and architecture. The State pushed for modernization by the Great Powers, ethnic communities with parent countries seeking to differentiate themselves from their “backward” conquerors, economic opportunities through trade and new visual observations by penetration of European countries and companies： all this would create suitable conditions for an unprecedented urbanization. This shift in the quality of life was clearly expressed in the new architecture, which always continued, as ever, to reflect the cultural activity. The transition from vernacular architecture to historicism and eclectism would capture the most characteristic moment of the beginning of urbanization in northern Greece.

Radio Preaching in Southern Appalachia

Appalachian inspired Pentecostal radio preaching maintains the Protestant legacy of that region first settled through the medium of radio. These sermons are characterized by high levels of affect in delivery, and serve to differentiate ＂preacher culture＂ from those denominations that abandoned their original heritage for admittance into middle class status. Thus, preacher culture is an act of both religious and class descent because they are ＂inspired＂ by the Holy Spirit （that is, not composed before delivery）. Gramscian notions of hegemony are used to interpret how ＂preacher culture＂ has maintained itself since the settlement by the northern British and the Scots to Appalachia. The genre of melodrama and ＂preacher culture＂ share significant parallels and content, dynamics of presentational styles, and because of these basic parallels, theories of melodrama offer analytical methods for analysis of the content of the inspired sermons and the way of life they elaborate. Gramscian notions of negotiation and consent are used to analyze the maintenance of ＂preacher culture＂, which maintains both tradition and cultural specificity that is characteristic of southern Appalachia.

Research on the Significance and Approaches of Productive Landscape Introduced in Residential Districts

With the urbanization increasingly advancing at a high speed, a large number of farmlands have been turned into building lands, which leads the urban-rural conflicts more and more evident than before. Introducing the concept of productive landscape into residential districts, could relieve the contradiction between agricultural land and urban construction land, improve the modern lifestyle, provide a new perspective of landscape design philosophy. In this paper, based on the analysis of the present situation of residential green space, the significance and approaches of productive landscape in residential areas have been put forward, and suggestions of daily management and countermeasures about agricultural pollution problem have also been given.

Social and Cultural Transformations in Republican China

This article discusses four major transformations that took place in China during the Republican period from 1912 to 1949. The imperial institution fell and was replaced by a republican form of government. Changes in the writing style took place. The new colloquial style pulled people away from the idea of searching the past for answers to future questions. Popular culture changed. Men abandoned the queue and long gown, women forgot about footbinding. New technologies brought new ways of life to most Chinese and, surprisingly, many of the despotic warlords adopted telegraphs, railroads, and automobiles. By the 1950s, China had changed, but in a manner very similar to the rest of the world. In that sense China in the Republican period was in the mainstream of modern change.

A Study on Influence of Market Information on Clothing Enterprises and Countermeasures

Due to quick changes of the market and long supply chain, it is difficult for clothing enterprises to make timely and correct production adjustment. According China＇ s data, research of this paper indicates that the correctness of clothing enterprises adjustment is only about 43%. Some positive actions can improve the condition, such as set up the quick feedback way of the market information, improve information sharing by cooperation mechanism of upstream and downstream in the industry or cross industry, and strengthen the regulatory mechanism of production.

Family Lifestyle and Housing Preferences during the Process of Globalization： The Case of Turkey

Although the fundamental physical role of housing is safety and sheltering for individuals, it is in fact the collection of places that hold the family together. Due to globalization and changes in the world, housing is no longer only a structure that provides sheltering but is also a factor that provides mutual interaction in formation of life style and quality. The elements such as the increase in the effect of consumption preferences and life style on selections, the changes in family structure, and urban structures also influence the residences used and housing preferences. The purpose of this study is to determine the general situation of housing preferences while taking into account the family life style in Turkey and at the same time to make an evaluation based on international publications.

Income Growth,Urbanization,Changing Life Style and Energy Requirements in China

This paper aims to estimate the effects of changing life style and consumption demands driven by income growth and urbanization on increase of energy requirements in China, and es-timate the impacts of improvement in household consumption on mitigating energy requirements towards 2020, based on input-out-put analysis and scenarios simulation approach. The result shows that energy requirement per capita has increased by 159% for urban residents and 147% for rural residents from 1995 to 2004. Growth in household consumption driven by income growth and urbanization may induce a successive increase in energy require-ments in future. Per capita energy requirements of urban residents will increase by 240% during 2002-2015 and 330% during 2002-2020. Urbanization might lead to 0.75 billion ton of increment of energy requirements in 2020. About 45%-48% of total energy requirements in China might be a consequence of residents' life styles and the economic activities to support consumption demands in 2020. Under low-carbon life style scenario, per capita energy requirements of urban residents may decline to 97% in 2015 and 92% in 2020 in contrast with baseline scenario. That implies that China needs to pay a great attention to developing green low-carbon life style in order to realize mitigation target towards 2020.