The evolutionary trend of organisms, which often evolved from a simpler structure to a more complex structure, is a mystery. It seems that the later living things appeared on the earth, the more complex their structur...The evolutionary trend of organisms, which often evolved from a simpler structure to a more complex structure, is a mystery. It seems that the later living things appeared on the earth, the more complex their structures were. This study pointed out that the evolutionary trend of organisms was the result of the organisms＇ asymmetric evolution-the phenomenon which the partition of the more complex structure was actually larger than that of the simpler structure on the same evolutionary platform of organisms, it explained the cause of the asymmetric evolution and listed much important evidence for organisms＇ asymmetric evolution.展开更多
Colorectal cancer is the third most common form of cancer.Current treatments are all associated with a high risk of complications and a low success rate.Recently,synbiotics have been proposed as a new preventive and t...Colorectal cancer is the third most common form of cancer.Current treatments are all associated with a high risk of complications and a low success rate.Recently,synbiotics have been proposed as a new preventive and therapeutic option.There is no direct experimental evidence for cancer suppression in humans as a result of the consumption of pro-,pre-or synbiotics.However,there is a wealth of evidence emerging from laboratory studies.The mechanisms by which pro-,pre-and synbiotics may inhibit colon cancer are now beginning to be understood and will be addressed in the present review.展开更多
The Taipei MRT （Metropolitan Rapid Transit） system has been operated since 1996. Facing the challenge of safety and sustainability of MRT, it is urgent to develop a structural inspection strategy and maintenance sys...The Taipei MRT （Metropolitan Rapid Transit） system has been operated since 1996. Facing the challenge of safety and sustainability of MRT, it is urgent to develop a structural inspection strategy and maintenance system based on the concept of life cycle management. In the mean while, BIM （Building Information Modeling） has become an emerging technology in the architecture and construction industries. BIM utilizes the 3D （3 Dimensions） CAD objects to simulate the real word building elements and with the ability to maintain life cycle information for a building. BIM is an ideal tool and platform for developing an inspection and maintenance system. The goal of this research is to establish a MRT structural inspection system concept based on BIM and life cycle management. In this study, a BIM model of shield tunnel was established to demonstrate the integration of 3D CAD with inspection records. A MRT structural maintenance database, which includes structural deterioration types, inspection records, and repair methods, was designed to interact with the BIM. An inspection prototype system was designed and implemented to perform the MRT structural inspection. The proposed system was designed with mobile-side and server-side systems. The mobile-side system was designed to perform on mobile devices such as tablet computer or smart phones with the ability to mark defects on BIM, as well as to fill in inspection sheets and photos; the server-side system can assign inspection tasks, maintains all inspection records, automatically output inspection reports, and analyze the database to prioritize all maintenance tasks.展开更多
A distributed local adaptive transmit power assignment (LA-TPA) strategy was proposed to construct a topology with better performance according to the environment and application scenario and prolong the network lifet...A distributed local adaptive transmit power assignment (LA-TPA) strategy was proposed to construct a topology with better performance according to the environment and application scenario and prolong the network lifetime.It takes the path loss exponent and the energy control coefficient into consideration with the aim to accentuate the minimum covering district of each node more accurately and precisely according to various network application scenarios.Besides,a self-healing scheme that enhances the robustness of the network was provided.It makes the topology tolerate more dead nodes than existing algorithms.Simulation was done under OMNeT++ platform and the results show that the LA-TPA strategy is more effective in constructing a well-performance network topology based on various application scenarios and can prolong the network lifetime significantly.展开更多
The terms ＂soul,＂ ＂spirit,＂ ＂breath,＂ and ＂life＂ occur several times each in the Book of Job. A proper understanding of these terms in Scripture, especially ＂soul＂ and ＂spirit＂ is integral to understanding...The terms ＂soul,＂ ＂spirit,＂ ＂breath,＂ and ＂life＂ occur several times each in the Book of Job. A proper understanding of these terms in Scripture, especially ＂soul＂ and ＂spirit＂ is integral to understanding the state of the dead, among others. These terms are used in diverse contexts with interchangeable nuances in the Book of Job. A living （＂life＂） person （＂soul＂） consists of the body/flesh plus the life principle （＂spirit＂） of which ＂breath＂ is a concrete expression. In poetic contexts, the terminologies denote the physical （＂soul＂/＂life＂）, appetitive （＂soul＂/＂life＂）, psychical （＂spirit＂/＂breath＂）, and emotional （＂soul＂/＂spirit＂） characteristics of the human being. While ＂soul＂ and ＂life＂ tend towards physieality and therefore can be used synonymously for the whole person, ＂spirit＂ and ＂breath＂ tend towards non-physicality and express such phenomena as intellection and wind. A study of these terminologies in other poetic texts in the Hebrew Bible may evince similar semantic configurations as found in the Book of Job.展开更多
Background Patient autonomy is a leading principle in bioethics and a basis for shared decision making. This study explores conditions for an autonomous choice experienced by older adults who recently underwent trans-...Background Patient autonomy is a leading principle in bioethics and a basis for shared decision making. This study explores conditions for an autonomous choice experienced by older adults who recently underwent trans-catheter aortic valve replacement （TAVR）. Methods Qualitative study entailing semi-structured interviews of a purposive sample often older （range 73-89, median 83.5 years） adults after TAVR （median 23 days）. The study setting was a cardiac department at a university hospital performing TAVR since 2010. Analysis was by systematic text condensation. Results Even when choice seemed hard or absent, TAVR-patients deliberately took the chance offered them by processing risk assessment, ambivalence and fate. They regarded declining the treatment to be worse than accepting the risk related to the procedure. The experience of being thoroughly advised by their physician formed the basis of an autonomous trust. The trust they felt for the physicians＇ recommendations mitigated ambivalence about the procedure and risks. TAVR patients expressed feelings consistent with self-empowerment and claimed that it had to be their decision. Even so, choosing the intervention as an obligation to their family or passively accepting it was also reported. Conclusions Older TAVR patients＇ experience of an autonomous decision may encompass frank tradeoff; deliberate physician dependency as well as a resilient self-view. Physicians should be especially aware of how older adults＇ subtle cognitive declines and inclinations to preserve their identities which can influence their medical decision making when obtaining in- formed consent. Cardiologists and other providers may also use these insights to develop new strategies that better respond to such inherent complexities.展开更多
基金Supported by Science Foundation of Chuxiong Normal University(06YJRC19)National Natural Science Foundation of China(30760040)And Key Subject Construction of Chuxiong NormalUniversity(05YJJSXK03)~~
文摘The evolutionary trend of organisms, which often evolved from a simpler structure to a more complex structure, is a mystery. It seems that the later living things appeared on the earth, the more complex their structures were. This study pointed out that the evolutionary trend of organisms was the result of the organisms＇ asymmetric evolution-the phenomenon which the partition of the more complex structure was actually larger than that of the simpler structure on the same evolutionary platform of organisms, it explained the cause of the asymmetric evolution and listed much important evidence for organisms＇ asymmetric evolution.
基金Supported by The National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School
文摘Colorectal cancer is the third most common form of cancer.Current treatments are all associated with a high risk of complications and a low success rate.Recently,synbiotics have been proposed as a new preventive and therapeutic option.There is no direct experimental evidence for cancer suppression in humans as a result of the consumption of pro-,pre-or synbiotics.However,there is a wealth of evidence emerging from laboratory studies.The mechanisms by which pro-,pre-and synbiotics may inhibit colon cancer are now beginning to be understood and will be addressed in the present review.
文摘The Taipei MRT （Metropolitan Rapid Transit） system has been operated since 1996. Facing the challenge of safety and sustainability of MRT, it is urgent to develop a structural inspection strategy and maintenance system based on the concept of life cycle management. In the mean while, BIM （Building Information Modeling） has become an emerging technology in the architecture and construction industries. BIM utilizes the 3D （3 Dimensions） CAD objects to simulate the real word building elements and with the ability to maintain life cycle information for a building. BIM is an ideal tool and platform for developing an inspection and maintenance system. The goal of this research is to establish a MRT structural inspection system concept based on BIM and life cycle management. In this study, a BIM model of shield tunnel was established to demonstrate the integration of 3D CAD with inspection records. A MRT structural maintenance database, which includes structural deterioration types, inspection records, and repair methods, was designed to interact with the BIM. An inspection prototype system was designed and implemented to perform the MRT structural inspection. The proposed system was designed with mobile-side and server-side systems. The mobile-side system was designed to perform on mobile devices such as tablet computer or smart phones with the ability to mark defects on BIM, as well as to fill in inspection sheets and photos; the server-side system can assign inspection tasks, maintains all inspection records, automatically output inspection reports, and analyze the database to prioritize all maintenance tasks.
基金Projects(61101104,61100213) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(NY211050) supported by Fund of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,China
文摘A distributed local adaptive transmit power assignment (LA-TPA) strategy was proposed to construct a topology with better performance according to the environment and application scenario and prolong the network lifetime.It takes the path loss exponent and the energy control coefficient into consideration with the aim to accentuate the minimum covering district of each node more accurately and precisely according to various network application scenarios.Besides,a self-healing scheme that enhances the robustness of the network was provided.It makes the topology tolerate more dead nodes than existing algorithms.Simulation was done under OMNeT++ platform and the results show that the LA-TPA strategy is more effective in constructing a well-performance network topology based on various application scenarios and can prolong the network lifetime significantly.
文摘The terms ＂soul,＂ ＂spirit,＂ ＂breath,＂ and ＂life＂ occur several times each in the Book of Job. A proper understanding of these terms in Scripture, especially ＂soul＂ and ＂spirit＂ is integral to understanding the state of the dead, among others. These terms are used in diverse contexts with interchangeable nuances in the Book of Job. A living （＂life＂） person （＂soul＂） consists of the body/flesh plus the life principle （＂spirit＂） of which ＂breath＂ is a concrete expression. In poetic contexts, the terminologies denote the physical （＂soul＂/＂life＂）, appetitive （＂soul＂/＂life＂）, psychical （＂spirit＂/＂breath＂）, and emotional （＂soul＂/＂spirit＂） characteristics of the human being. While ＂soul＂ and ＂life＂ tend towards physieality and therefore can be used synonymously for the whole person, ＂spirit＂ and ＂breath＂ tend towards non-physicality and express such phenomena as intellection and wind. A study of these terminologies in other poetic texts in the Hebrew Bible may evince similar semantic configurations as found in the Book of Job.
文摘Background Patient autonomy is a leading principle in bioethics and a basis for shared decision making. This study explores conditions for an autonomous choice experienced by older adults who recently underwent trans-catheter aortic valve replacement （TAVR）. Methods Qualitative study entailing semi-structured interviews of a purposive sample often older （range 73-89, median 83.5 years） adults after TAVR （median 23 days）. The study setting was a cardiac department at a university hospital performing TAVR since 2010. Analysis was by systematic text condensation. Results Even when choice seemed hard or absent, TAVR-patients deliberately took the chance offered them by processing risk assessment, ambivalence and fate. They regarded declining the treatment to be worse than accepting the risk related to the procedure. The experience of being thoroughly advised by their physician formed the basis of an autonomous trust. The trust they felt for the physicians＇ recommendations mitigated ambivalence about the procedure and risks. TAVR patients expressed feelings consistent with self-empowerment and claimed that it had to be their decision. Even so, choosing the intervention as an obligation to their family or passively accepting it was also reported. Conclusions Older TAVR patients＇ experience of an autonomous decision may encompass frank tradeoff; deliberate physician dependency as well as a resilient self-view. Physicians should be especially aware of how older adults＇ subtle cognitive declines and inclinations to preserve their identities which can influence their medical decision making when obtaining in- formed consent. Cardiologists and other providers may also use these insights to develop new strategies that better respond to such inherent complexities.
