翻译研究的生命认识论探析

翻译研究的生命认识是对于原文生命、译文生命及其相互关联的理解与诠释。作为文本生命的存在,翻译通过生命延续的方式使自身在异域中获得持续的新生命。在此意义上,翻译生成就是从原文生命转换为译文生命的实践性体现。文本生命是翻译的出发点与归宿,只有翻译尽可能将原文生命转为译文生命,文本生命才得以在异域中延续和发展。从整体上探讨与文本生命相关概念,不仅是对翻译研究认识论的反思,也是对各种翻译研究的生命理念的融合,从中提炼出翻译研究的生命思维方式,以建构翻译研究的生命认识论。

从“来世生命”概念看翻译研究的生命认识论

作为考察与审视翻译研究的一种新视域,"来世生命"是进行翻译研究的生命认识论探讨及其建构的重要着力点。"来世生命"必然会关涉"文本生命"概念及其转化而成的"原文生命"与"译文生命"之间的本质关系。"来世生命"研究重视对"生命"概念的历时性考察,强调文本生命在异域中的生成过程,它强调翻译研究以生命为核心的机体主义思维,这和西方翻译研究以语言/文化为导向的实体主义思维具有本质区别。"来世生命"概念在翻译研究中彰显其自身的理论视角,其生命认识论的当代建构,必然会对翻译研究产生重要意义。

从理念到经验:美学研究的继往开来

本文指出，两个世纪以来，美学研究经历了古典时期的“形而上学之路”的终结，和现代时期的“科学主义之路”的终结。当代美学的重新上路需要重审其与哲学和艺术的关系，从方法论选择到研究对象的确立都作出相应调整。概括地讲，也就是立足于生命认识论，坚持审美的“现象”与“对象”的同一化，由具体审美经验入手对作为一种意义之源的审美存在作出把握。

Wittgenstein and Kuhn on Paradigm

Wittgenstein in Philosophical Investigations and On Certainty develops a revolutionary conception of knowledge, of philosophy of language, and of philosophy of science. Very close to language-games is a concept that is important but did not attract much attention, the one of paradigm. In this paper this concept is analyzed together with notions such as context, use, reference, language-games, reality, science, truth, method, propositions, among others by means of which a new view of epistemology emerges. As for Kuhn, paradigm is his most known notion and his biggest contribution to innovate the history of science. I contrast these two conceptions and conclude that they have different uses, and that some difficulties that emerge from Kuhn＇s concept of paradigm would be dissolved if we take into consideration Witt^enstein＇s aooroaches of language and the uses it has in our life forms.