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湿润灌溉配方施肥法快速改良生土地试验
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作者 杨忠慧 《山西水土保持科技》 2007年第2期15-16,共2页
试验表明,湿润灌溉配方施肥法快速改良生土地效果显著,土壤有机质、速效磷及速效钾分别提高了112%、129%和156%,种植玉米产量提高1.97倍,种植经济作物增收更加显著。用此方法改良生土地周期仅为1~2年,比自然熟化缩短3~4年。该方法简... 试验表明,湿润灌溉配方施肥法快速改良生土地效果显著,土壤有机质、速效磷及速效钾分别提高了112%、129%和156%,种植玉米产量提高1.97倍,种植经济作物增收更加显著。用此方法改良生土地周期仅为1~2年,比自然熟化缩短3~4年。该方法简便易行,投入低,收益高,有较大的推广价值。 展开更多
关键词 湿润灌溉 配方施肥 生土改良 襄垣县
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甘孜州乡城白藏房生土民居房屋抗震技术探讨
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作者 孙金坤 焦涛 +3 位作者 郭飞飞 于亮亮 张信尧 陈余 《四川建筑》 2024年第3期133-135,共3页
白藏房是具有传统建筑风格的地域性建筑,墙体采用当地常见的天然土体材料,进行夯实成型,与木构件组合承载,属土木混合结构。为了降低白藏房建设中的木材消耗,同时改善生土墙体的强度及房屋的整体抗震性能,从墙体材料、房屋场地选择、建... 白藏房是具有传统建筑风格的地域性建筑,墙体采用当地常见的天然土体材料,进行夯实成型,与木构件组合承载,属土木混合结构。为了降低白藏房建设中的木材消耗,同时改善生土墙体的强度及房屋的整体抗震性能,从墙体材料、房屋场地选择、建筑、结构和施工等方面提出了若干建议。 展开更多
关键词 白藏房 生土改良 结构设置 抗震技术
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传统生土技术改良策略及应用--基于乡村振兴中建筑实践的思考 被引量:6
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作者 贺宇豪 张明珍 +1 位作者 任卫中 吴正旺 《新建筑》 2021年第5期38-43,共6页
生土建筑在我国乡村建设中历史悠久,但由于耐久性不高等缺点,在当代逐渐被边缘化。依托浙江安吉泥土学校、宁夏中卫民宿、四川大邑艺术中心等实践案例,从配比改进、质感提升、性能优化及成本控制等方面对传统生土技术改良策略进行了探... 生土建筑在我国乡村建设中历史悠久,但由于耐久性不高等缺点,在当代逐渐被边缘化。依托浙江安吉泥土学校、宁夏中卫民宿、四川大邑艺术中心等实践案例,从配比改进、质感提升、性能优化及成本控制等方面对传统生土技术改良策略进行了探索。结果表明,在乡村建设中应用生土改良技术,不仅能够满足办公、民宿及教室等多种建筑类型的功能需求,还具有地域特色浓厚、空间舒适度较高、节能环保等特点,对乡村振兴传承地域特色、改善生态环境具有重要意义。 展开更多
关键词 生土技术改良 乡村振兴 建筑实践 乡土特色 浙江安吉泥土学校
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改良生土技术下的浙江省乡村建筑物化阶段减碳策略
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作者 贺宇豪 张明珍 +2 位作者 任卫中 李志昊 吴正旺 《华侨大学学报(自然科学版)》 CAS 2023年第3期346-355,共10页
针对当前浙江省乡村建筑物化阶段碳排放长时间处于较高水平的问题,在调整材料配比、做法的基础上,改良传统生土技术.首先,在建筑材料生产阶段,使用改良夯土、改良三合土、竹片泥墙、轻质填充土、生土抹面等代替工业材料;然后,在材料运... 针对当前浙江省乡村建筑物化阶段碳排放长时间处于较高水平的问题,在调整材料配比、做法的基础上,改良传统生土技术.首先,在建筑材料生产阶段,使用改良夯土、改良三合土、竹片泥墙、轻质填充土、生土抹面等代替工业材料;然后,在材料运输阶段,通过就地取材代替车辆运输;最后,将节省的造价用于抵消碳汇.为验证技术的有效性,依托泥土学校进行实践,研究结果表明:用改良生土技术建造乡村建筑能够在浙江省发挥显著的减碳作用,在浙江省乡村建筑物化阶段运用改良生土技术具有巨大减碳潜力. 展开更多
关键词 改良生土技术 乡村建筑 减碳策略 碳中和 浙江省
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利用微喷灌改良“生土地”技术研究
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作者 郭改娥 《山西水利科技》 2010年第2期73-74,共2页
文中从"生土地"形成的原因入手,分析了研究改良"生土地"技术的目的意义,概述了利用微喷灌技术改良"生土地"的基本原理,具体介绍了试验过程中改良"生土地"的实施办法,用详实的试验数据说明了利... 文中从"生土地"形成的原因入手,分析了研究改良"生土地"技术的目的意义,概述了利用微喷灌技术改良"生土地"的基本原理,具体介绍了试验过程中改良"生土地"的实施办法,用详实的试验数据说明了利用微喷灌改良"生土地"技术的推广成效和应用前景,为有效改造低产田探索了一套可供操作实施的应用流程,具有一定的推广价值和借鉴作用。 展开更多
关键词 微喷灌 生土改良 试验原理 实施办法 价值
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Effects of peat and weathered coal on the growth of Pinus sylvestrisvar. mongolica seedlings on aeolian sandy soil 被引量:3
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作者 陈伏生 陈广生 +1 位作者 曾德慧 梁超 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2002年第4期251-254,共4页
The experiment was conducted at the Ganqika Sandy Land Ecological Station in Ke抏rqinzuoyihouqi County, Inner Mongolia, in a growing season from April 28 to October 28, 2001. Peat and weathered coal were added to the ... The experiment was conducted at the Ganqika Sandy Land Ecological Station in Ke抏rqinzuoyihouqi County, Inner Mongolia, in a growing season from April 28 to October 28, 2001. Peat and weathered coal were added to the aeolian sandy soil in different ratios. Two-year-old Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica seedlings and plastic pots were used in the experiment. The experimental results indicated that: 1) the peat and weathered coal could significantly improve the physical and chemical prop-erties of aeolian sandy soil, and thus promoted the growth of seedlings; 2) the effect of peat on seedling growth, including height, base diameter, root length and biomass, presented an order of 8%>10%>5%>2%>0 in terms of peat contents, and the effect of weathered coal on seedling growth presented an order of 5%>8%>10%>2%>0 in terms of weathered coal contents for height and basal diameter, 5%>8%>2% >10%>0 for root length, and 5%>2%>8% >10%>0 for biomass; 3) the effects of peat were generally greater than that of weathered coal. Meanwhile, 8% peat was the best treatment to promote the growth of P. sylvestris var. mongolica seedlings. 展开更多
关键词 PEAT Weathered coal Aeolian sandy soil Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica SEEDLINGS GROWTH
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Effects of Biochar on Tobacco-planting Soil Improvement and Tobacco Quality in Mudanjiang Area 被引量:2
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作者 王欢欢 任天宝 +5 位作者 张志浩 元野 王博 匡岗 刘德玉 刘国顺 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2017年第5期820-826,共7页
This study was conducted to study the feasibility of biochar in soil im- provement and tobacco quality. The black soil in NinganCountry of Mudanjiang was used as the material in this study, and the effects of biochar ... This study was conducted to study the feasibility of biochar in soil im- provement and tobacco quality. The black soil in NinganCountry of Mudanjiang was used as the material in this study, and the effects of biochar on tobacco-planting soil C/N, soil microorganisms, the development of tobacco, and chemical compo- nents and neutral aroma components in flue-cured tobacco werestudied. The results showed that the application of biochar at a rate of 1 800 kg/hm2 could increase soil C/N by 31.79%, and the quantity of actinomycetes in the soil was 3.8 times as much as that in control. The growth wasobviously better after biochar application, plant height and effective leaf number were significantly higher than those ofcontrol, but total sugar and nicotine were not significantly different. The application of biochar at a rate of 1 200 kg/hm2 increased the potassium content by 11%, the application of biochar at a rate of 2 400 kg/hm2 improved total sugar content by 5.40%, and the application of biochar at a rate of 1 800 kg/hm2 made the tobacco solanone content 1.97 times as that of control. Comprehensive studies showed that the application of biochar 1 200-1 800 kg/hm2 could improvesoilenvironment, and promote tobacco growth and quality. 展开更多
关键词 Flue-cured tobacco BIOCHAR Soil improvement QUALITY
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地下车库顶棚绿化工程施工案例分析
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作者 吴娟 《中文科技期刊数据库(引文版)工程技术》 2016年第12期175-175,共1页
近几年,随着城市建设的迅猛发展,车库顶棚绿化已成为小区绿化中的重要组成部分。它极大的缓解了由于城市建筑的破坏而导致的自然生态的不平衡,逐渐成为城市中重要的、有生命的基础设施建设。
关键词 生土改良 大树移植 树穴开挖 地基处理
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Effect of Amendments on Growth and Element Uptake of Pakchoi in a Cadmium, Zinc and Lead Contaminated Soil 被引量:19
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作者 CHENXIAOTING WANGGUO 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2002年第3期243-250,共8页
A pot experiment was carried out to study the effects of two amendments, limeand calcium magnesium phosphate, on the growth and Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Mu, Fe, N, P and K uptake ofpakchoi (Brassica chinensis) in a Cd, Pb and ... A pot experiment was carried out to study the effects of two amendments, limeand calcium magnesium phosphate, on the growth and Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Mu, Fe, N, P and K uptake ofpakchoi (Brassica chinensis) in a Cd, Pb and Zn polluted acid soil in the southern part of China.The growth of pakchoi was apparently improved by lime and calcium magnesium phosphate application,the uptake of Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn by pakchoi was significantly depressed and the symptom caused byheavy metals pollution was eliminated. Meanwhile, the absorption of N, K and Mn was also inhibitedby these amendments. Soil pH was the main factor controlling the uptake of the heavy metals bypakchoi. This suggests that lime and calcium magnesium phosphate could be used as effectiveamendments for eliminating the toxicity of heavy metals to the vegetable and inhibiting theirabsorption by the crop. 展开更多
关键词 calcium magnesium phosphate Cd Pb and Zn polluted soil LIME PAKCHOI
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Effects of grassland amelioration on terrestrial ecosystem nutrients:a case study in Jianou Niukenglong Grassland Ecosystem Experimental Station, Fujian Province 被引量:1
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作者 朱连奇 许叔明 陈沛云 《Journal of Geographical Sciences》 SCIE CSCD 2004年第3期313-322,共10页
This paper studies the effects of land cover changes on distributions andcirculations of nutrients in a terrestrial ecosystem, taking Jianou Niukenglong Grassland EcosystemExperimental Station as a case study. During ... This paper studies the effects of land cover changes on distributions andcirculations of nutrients in a terrestrial ecosystem, taking Jianou Niukenglong Grassland EcosystemExperimental Station as a case study. During a two year experiment from 1994 to 1996, the land covertypes were changed from desert slopeland to grasslands, in particular, Chamaecristarotundifolia(pers) green + Pasdum thunbergii and Glycine max var. + Pasalum thunbergii. In order tostudy land cover change effects on nutrients in the terrestrial ecosystem, we selected organicmaterials (OMs), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and aluminum (Al) to study theirchanges in total soil nutrient concentrations, nutrient reserves in soil, distributions andreservations of nutrients in distinct grassland communities and overall nutrient contents reservedin terrestrial ecosystem, and their circulation with land cover change. The experimental resultsindicate that with the increase of vegetation coverage, the total concentrations of N, P and K growrapidly in the soil, but that of Al decreases markedly. The increases of the total concentrations ofN, P and K were mainly the consequences of changes of the factors that affect soil evolution, e.g.,soil moisture, and changes of soil evolution processes, e.g., weathering rate and the decrease ofsoil erosion. These changes were caused by land coverage growth from desert slopeland to grassland.With the change of the land cover types and the increase of land coverage, the activity of Alaccelerated as well, and the vertical penetration and lateral penetration of Al have been increased.Therefore, the loss of Al within the experimental terrestrial ecosystem was inevitable, and thetotal concentration and reserve of Al in soil have become smaller and smaller, in spite of thegrowth of grass absorbing some amounts of Al. The Al reserve has increased in vegetation, but it hasdeclined in total terrestrial ecosystem. Land cover change also affects the circulations ofnutrients in the terrestrial ecosystem and for the purpose of study on nutrient circulations, wechoose to study plant absorption, litter and reservation of nutrients to establish an index toindicate the situations of nutrient circulations within terrestrial ecosystems. The results indicatethat in the two land cover types (two grassland ecosystems), the sequence of nutrient circulationindices are N > K > P > Al in Chamaecrista rotundifolia(pers) green + Pasalum thunbergii and P > N >K > Al in Glycine max var. + Pasalum thunbergii. On the basis of the study, we can conclude thatland cover change affects both distributions and circulations in the terrestrial ecosystem, and thatdifferent changes have distinct influences on distributions and circulations. Some nutrients wereaffected differently in some contents. 展开更多
关键词 land use/land cover change terrestrial ecosystem concentration of nutrient nutrient circulation
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Biochar Applied with Organic Fertilizer Improves Alkaline Soil Properties and Crop Yield 被引量:4
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作者 WANG Hao-ji GUAN Hui-lin +3 位作者 SHI Meng-xin HUANG Huan DONG Ming-xing XU Wu-mei 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2021年第4期25-32,共8页
Biochar(BC)is widely applied in agricultural production for its multiple uses such as carbon sequestration.However,application of BC alone has limited effect on soil fertility and crop yield,especially alkaline soil.T... Biochar(BC)is widely applied in agricultural production for its multiple uses such as carbon sequestration.However,application of BC alone has limited effect on soil fertility and crop yield,especially alkaline soil.Therefore,a pot experiment on Chinese cabbage(Brassica rapa var.glabra)was carried out in this study to investigate the effect of BC applied with organic fertilizer(OF)on alkaline soil properties and crop yield.To be specific,BC and OF were respectively applied at 0,1%,2%,and 3%,and Chinese cabbage was transplanted and cultivated for 2.5 months.Results showed that BC and OF increased the content of both organic matter and available P in alkaline soil(P<0.05).Moreover,the application of OF alone decreased the pH value but raised available N content of alkaline soil,and the application of only BC demonstrated the contrary effect(P<0.05).OF significantly improved crop yield(P<0.05),but the effect of BC was insignificant.Crop yield was the highest under the treatment of 1%BC and 3%OF.Thus,BC had limited effect on alkaline soil fertility and crop yield,but the application with OF was a good option for ameliorating alkaline soil and raising crop yield. 展开更多
关键词 BIOCHAR Organic fertilizer Alkaline soil Soil amelioration Crop yield
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Biochar for Sustainable Soil Health:A Review of Prospects and Concerns 被引量:14
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作者 Aabid H.LONE Ghulam R.NAJAR +2 位作者 Mumtaz A.GANIE Javid A.SOFI Tahir ALI 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2015年第5期639-653,共15页
Biochar as a soil amendment is confronted with the challenge that it must benefit soil health as it can be by no means separated from soils once it is added. The available literature even though sparse and mostly base... Biochar as a soil amendment is confronted with the challenge that it must benefit soil health as it can be by no means separated from soils once it is added. The available literature even though sparse and mostly based on short-term studies has been encouraging and the trend obtained so far has raised many hopes. Biochar has been reported to positively impact an array of soil processes ranging from benefiting soil biology, controlling soil-borne pathogens, enhancing nitrogen fixation, improving soil physical and chemical properties,decreasing nitrate(NO-3) leaching and nitrous oxide(N2O) emission to remediation of contaminated soils. However, very little biochar is still utilized as soil amendment mainly because these benefits are yet to be quantified, and also the mechanisms by which the soil health is improved are poorly understood. Due to the infancy of research regarding this subject, there are still more questions than answers. The future research efforts must focus on carrying out long-term experiments and uncover the mechanisms underlying these processes so that key concerns surrounding the use of biochar are addressed before its large scale application is recommended. 展开更多
关键词 nitrate leaching nitrogen fixation nitrous oxide emission soil amendment soil biology soil-borne pathogens soil enzymes soil remediation
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Microbial Biomass Dynamics in a Tropical Agroecosystem: Influence of Herbicide and Soil Amendments 被引量:3
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作者 Alka SINGH Mahesh Kumar SINGH Nandita GHOSHAL 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第2期257-264,共8页
The influences of herbicide alone and in combination with the soil amendments with contrasting resource qualities on dynamics of soil microbial biomass C (MBC), N (MBN), and P (MBP) were studied through two annu... The influences of herbicide alone and in combination with the soil amendments with contrasting resource qualities on dynamics of soil microbial biomass C (MBC), N (MBN), and P (MBP) were studied through two annual cycles in rice-wheat-summer fallow crop sequence in a tropical dryland agroecosystem. The experiment included application of herbicide (butachlor) alone or in combination with various soil amendments having equivalent amount of N in the forms of chemical fertilizer, wheat straw, Sesbania aculeata, and farm yard manure (FYM). Soil microbial biomass showed distinct temporal variations in both crop cycles, decreased from vegetative to grain-forming stage, and then increased to maximum at crop maturity stage. Soil MBC was the highest in herbicide + Sesbania aculeata treatment followed by herbicide + FYM, herbicide + wheat straw, herbicide + chemical fertilizer, and herbicide alone treatments in decreasing order during the rice-growing period. During wheat-growing period and summer fallow, soil MBC attained maximum for herbicide + wheat straw treatment whereas herbicide + FYM, herbicide + Sesbania, and herbicide + chemical fertilizer treatments showed similar levels. The overall trend of soil MBN was similar to those of soil MBC and MBP except that soil MBN was higher in herbicide + chemical fertilizer treatment over the herbicide + wheat straw treatment during rice-growing period. In spite of the addition of equivalent amount of N through exogenous soil amendments in combination with the herbicide, soil microbial biomass responded differentially to the treatments. The resource quality of the amendments had more pronounced impact on the dynamics of soil microbial biomass, which may have implications for long-term sustainability of rainfed agroecosystems in dry tropics. 展开更多
关键词 chemical fertilizer farmyard manure organic amendment Sesbania aculeata wheat straw
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Comparative Assessment of the Effect of Wastewater Sludge Biochar on Growth,Yield and Metal Bioaccumulation of Cherry Tomato 被引量:9
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作者 Mustafa K.HOSSAIN Vladimir STREZOV Peter F.NELSON 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2015年第5期680-685,共6页
To investigate the potential effects of wastewater sludge and sludge biochar on growth, yield and metal bioaccumulation of cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.), a pot experiment was carried out under greenhous... To investigate the potential effects of wastewater sludge and sludge biochar on growth, yield and metal bioaccumulation of cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.), a pot experiment was carried out under greenhouse environment with three different treatments, control soil (CP), soil with wastewater sludge (SS) and soil with sludge biochar (SB), to reveal the comparative effect between the amendments of wastewater sludge and sludge biochar. The soil used for pot experiment was Chromosol. Wastewater sludge and sludge biochax produced through pyrolysis process at 550 ℃ were applied at 10 t ha-1. No significant difference was found in growth and production of cherry tomatoes between wastewater sludge and sludge biochar applications to the soil. The accumulation rates of metals in the fruits were lower in the treatment with sludge biochar than in the treatment with wastewater sludge. The study highlights the benefits of risk mitigation from toxic metal accumulation in fruits using wastewater sludge and sludge biochar as soil conditioners. 展开更多
关键词 fruit yield heavy metals plant height risk mitigation soil conditioner
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Use of a Bioaugmented Organic Soil Amendment in Combination with Gypsum for Withania somnifera Growth on Sodic Soil 被引量:7
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作者 Manjul GUPTA Pankaj Kumar SRIVASTAVA +2 位作者 SHIKHA Abhishek NIRANJAN Shri Krishna TEWARI 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第3期299-309,共11页
Limited availability of organic matter is a problem to sustain crop growth on sodic soil. Organic soil amendments are a costeffective source of nutrients to enhance crop growth. A field study was conducted to evaluate... Limited availability of organic matter is a problem to sustain crop growth on sodic soil. Organic soil amendments are a costeffective source of nutrients to enhance crop growth. A field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of an organic soil amendment bioaugmented with plant growth-promoting fungi(SF_(OA) ) in combination with gypsum on soil properties and growth and yield attributes of Withania somnifera, one of the most valuable crops of the traditional medicinal system in the world, on a sodic soil at the Aurawan Research Farm of CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India. The SF_(OA) used was prepared by pre-enriching farm waste vermicompost with plant growth-promoting fungi before mixing with pressmud and Azadirachta indica seed cake. The application of SF_(OA) at 10 Mg ha^(-1)after gypsum(25.0 Mg ha^(-1)) treatment significantly(P < 0.05) increased root length(by 96%) and biomass(by 125%) of Withania plants compared to the control without SF_(OA) and gypsum. Similarly, the highest withanolide contents were observed in leaves and roots of Withania plants under 10 Mg ha^(-1)SF_(OA) and gypsum. Combined application of SF_(OA) and gypsum also improved physical, chemical and enzymatic properties of the soil, with the soil bulk density decreasing by 25%, water-holding capacity increasing by 121%, total organic C increasing by 90%, p H decreasing by 17% and alkaline phosphatase, β-glucosidase, dehydrogenase and cellulase activities increasing by 54%, 128%, 81% and 96%, respectively, compared to those of the control. These showed that application of the SF_(OA) tested in this study might reclaim sodic soil and further support Withania cultivation and results were better when the SF_(OA) was applied after gypsum treatment. 展开更多
关键词 medicinal crop plant growth-promoting fungi soil property soil reclamation vermicompost
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Nutrient Recycling from Industrial Solid Wastes and Weeds by Vermiprocessing Using Earthworms
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作者 A. YADAV V. K. GARG 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2013年第5期668-677,共10页
Vermicomposting is a biotechnological process that enables the recycling of organic waste materials into manure through the combined action of earthworms and mesophilic microorganisms. In this study, a 13-week experim... Vermicomposting is a biotechnological process that enables the recycling of organic waste materials into manure through the combined action of earthworms and mesophilic microorganisms. In this study, a 13-week experiment was carried to vermiprocess food industry sludge mixed with different bedding materials including two weeds, water hyacinth and parthenium, as well as cow dung, in different combinations employing earthworms of the species Eisenia fetida. Eight vermibins containing one kilogram of the waste mixtures (dry weight basis) were established for vermicomposting. Vermiprocessing significantly increased nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium contents of the mixtures. However, a decrease in pH, organic carbon, and C:N ratio was observed after vermiprocessing. The heavy metal contents in the vermicomposts were higher than the initial values but within permissible limits. These results indicated that the studied wastes can be converted into good quality manure by vermiprocessing, which indicated their agricultural values as a soil conditioner if mixed with weeds in appropriate ratios. 展开更多
关键词 Eisenia fetida food industry sludge heavy metals MANURE VERMICOMPOST
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