Toll-like receptors （TLRs） 7 and 8 are crucial in host defence against single-stranded RNA （ssRNA） viruses. Such viruses cause severe illnesses, which remain a serious medical burden in both industrialised and dev...Toll-like receptors （TLRs） 7 and 8 are crucial in host defence against single-stranded RNA （ssRNA） viruses. Such viruses cause severe illnesses, which remain a serious medical burden in both industrialised and developing countries. TLR7/8 downstream signaling leads tO a dramatic cellular stress associated with energy consumption. However, the molecular mechanisms of cell survival and adaptation to TLR7/8-induced stress, which give the cells an opportunity to initiate proper inflammatory reactions, are not clear at all. Here we report for the first time that ligand-induced activation of TLR7/8 leads to the accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha （HIF-1α） protein in THP-1 human myeloid macrophages via redoxand reactive nitrogen species-dependent mechanisms. MAP kinases and phosphoinositol-3K are not involved in TLR7/8-mediated HIF-1α accumulation. Experiments with HIF-1α knockdown THP- 1 cells have clearly demonstrated that HIF-1α is important for the protection of these cells against TLR7/8-induced depletion of ATP. Thus, HIF-1α might support both cell survival and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines upon TLR7/8 activation.展开更多
The 21st century is the era of human recreation. What leisure and sport bring to people is bound to be a civilized, healthy, happy, and new life patterns. Throughout the development of sports and leisure history, we c...The 21st century is the era of human recreation. What leisure and sport bring to people is bound to be a civilized, healthy, happy, and new life patterns. Throughout the development of sports and leisure history, we can see that in the era of leisure sports agricultural, civilization reflects a more casual game. Strictly speaking, leisure sport is a product of the birth of modern industrial civilization. But today, it has become a recreational sport entirely necessities of life, recreation is the ultimate ownership of human beings, but also one of the best state of human existence, and therefore we have reason to believe that in the near future, leisure Sports will bring a self-liberation and ultimate human freedom.展开更多
With the issue of climate change increasingly restricting the sustainable development of society, people must realize that we must control atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases at a certain level. However, th...With the issue of climate change increasingly restricting the sustainable development of society, people must realize that we must control atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases at a certain level. However, the traditional model of economic development will lead to human demand for energy continuing to grow, followed by a growth in emissions of carbon dioxide. Obviously we must ensure that there is rapid economic development, but also to protect the human living environment, which is a very sharp contradiction. A good solution to this conflict is to take a new model of development --- a low-carbon economy. The so-called low-carbon economy refers to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, the application of new technologies, new materials and new practices, etc., through improvements, optimization or innovative production and business activities, to achieve the maximum degree of reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, and the formation of a new economic development model, the goal is to mitigate climate change and promote sustainable human development. On how to develop a low-carbon economy, domestic and foreign scholars have been studied from many angles, one of which is a consensus to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through the development and use of low-carbon technologies.展开更多
ABSTRACT： Under the guidance of the dual economy and hedonic consumption concept, the Song capital continue to meet basic survival needs, while demand has been further development, namely to improve the quality of li...ABSTRACT： Under the guidance of the dual economy and hedonic consumption concept, the Song capital continue to meet basic survival needs, while demand has been further development, namely to improve the quality of life and business development of production requirements, even for non-moderate luxury pleasure obsession. The life of Song bustling capital has a history of some bad consumer behavior similarities with today＇ s Chinese society, learning from experience and establish appropriate consumer attitudes, which have focused on establishing a scientific degree of consumer attitudes in order to ensure the healthy development and sustainability of the market, it also pointed out the shortcomings of extravagant consumption concept and lessons learned from, it has considerable historical reference.展开更多
Niche theory is one of the ecoiogical theorems and it is applied to urban planning and design： Firstly, the author has concluded some defects of present urban design on the basis of the theory. Secondly, with the com...Niche theory is one of the ecoiogical theorems and it is applied to urban planning and design： Firstly, the author has concluded some defects of present urban design on the basis of the theory. Secondly, with the competing and overlapping concepts introduced, the connotation of urban niche has been defined and expounded. Thirdly, the relationship between urban niche and urban development has also been expiained. Lastly, some proposals and measures have been put forward.展开更多
This paper presents an important investigation into car travel time affected by mixed traffic flow near a bus stop on the basis of survival analysis theory.Travel time data associated with mixed traffic characteristic...This paper presents an important investigation into car travel time affected by mixed traffic flow near a bus stop on the basis of survival analysis theory.Travel time data associated with mixed traffic characteristics near a bus stop were collected by video cameras.A hazard-based duration model was introduced to analyze the effects of mixed traffic flow on car travel time.The results indicate that mixed traffic flow impacts car travel time significantly.And the presence of bus berthing violation would delay car travel time.The proposed model can be used to forecast temporal shifts in car travel time due to changes in mixed traffic flow.The influential factors related to mixed traffic flow should be given full consideration in the planning and designing of bus stops in developing countries.展开更多
文摘Toll-like receptors （TLRs） 7 and 8 are crucial in host defence against single-stranded RNA （ssRNA） viruses. Such viruses cause severe illnesses, which remain a serious medical burden in both industrialised and developing countries. TLR7/8 downstream signaling leads tO a dramatic cellular stress associated with energy consumption. However, the molecular mechanisms of cell survival and adaptation to TLR7/8-induced stress, which give the cells an opportunity to initiate proper inflammatory reactions, are not clear at all. Here we report for the first time that ligand-induced activation of TLR7/8 leads to the accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha （HIF-1α） protein in THP-1 human myeloid macrophages via redoxand reactive nitrogen species-dependent mechanisms. MAP kinases and phosphoinositol-3K are not involved in TLR7/8-mediated HIF-1α accumulation. Experiments with HIF-1α knockdown THP- 1 cells have clearly demonstrated that HIF-1α is important for the protection of these cells against TLR7/8-induced depletion of ATP. Thus, HIF-1α might support both cell survival and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines upon TLR7/8 activation.
文摘The 21st century is the era of human recreation. What leisure and sport bring to people is bound to be a civilized, healthy, happy, and new life patterns. Throughout the development of sports and leisure history, we can see that in the era of leisure sports agricultural, civilization reflects a more casual game. Strictly speaking, leisure sport is a product of the birth of modern industrial civilization. But today, it has become a recreational sport entirely necessities of life, recreation is the ultimate ownership of human beings, but also one of the best state of human existence, and therefore we have reason to believe that in the near future, leisure Sports will bring a self-liberation and ultimate human freedom.
文摘With the issue of climate change increasingly restricting the sustainable development of society, people must realize that we must control atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases at a certain level. However, the traditional model of economic development will lead to human demand for energy continuing to grow, followed by a growth in emissions of carbon dioxide. Obviously we must ensure that there is rapid economic development, but also to protect the human living environment, which is a very sharp contradiction. A good solution to this conflict is to take a new model of development --- a low-carbon economy. The so-called low-carbon economy refers to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, the application of new technologies, new materials and new practices, etc., through improvements, optimization or innovative production and business activities, to achieve the maximum degree of reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, and the formation of a new economic development model, the goal is to mitigate climate change and promote sustainable human development. On how to develop a low-carbon economy, domestic and foreign scholars have been studied from many angles, one of which is a consensus to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through the development and use of low-carbon technologies.
文摘ABSTRACT： Under the guidance of the dual economy and hedonic consumption concept, the Song capital continue to meet basic survival needs, while demand has been further development, namely to improve the quality of life and business development of production requirements, even for non-moderate luxury pleasure obsession. The life of Song bustling capital has a history of some bad consumer behavior similarities with today＇ s Chinese society, learning from experience and establish appropriate consumer attitudes, which have focused on establishing a scientific degree of consumer attitudes in order to ensure the healthy development and sustainability of the market, it also pointed out the shortcomings of extravagant consumption concept and lessons learned from, it has considerable historical reference.
文摘Niche theory is one of the ecoiogical theorems and it is applied to urban planning and design： Firstly, the author has concluded some defects of present urban design on the basis of the theory. Secondly, with the competing and overlapping concepts introduced, the connotation of urban niche has been defined and expounded. Thirdly, the relationship between urban niche and urban development has also been expiained. Lastly, some proposals and measures have been put forward.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2012CB725400)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 70901005,71131001)+1 种基金Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (Grant Nos. 2010000110012,20090009120015)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 2011JBM055)
文摘This paper presents an important investigation into car travel time affected by mixed traffic flow near a bus stop on the basis of survival analysis theory.Travel time data associated with mixed traffic characteristics near a bus stop were collected by video cameras.A hazard-based duration model was introduced to analyze the effects of mixed traffic flow on car travel time.The results indicate that mixed traffic flow impacts car travel time significantly.And the presence of bus berthing violation would delay car travel time.The proposed model can be used to forecast temporal shifts in car travel time due to changes in mixed traffic flow.The influential factors related to mixed traffic flow should be given full consideration in the planning and designing of bus stops in developing countries.
