“积之始生,得寒乃生”理论源自《黄帝内经》,可阐释肺结节发生发展的病因病机。本文在“积之始生,得寒乃生”理论指导下,探析肺结节因六淫寒邪、阳虚里寒、痰浊瘀热阻络而致,选以温阳散积、清热散积、通络散积的治疗方法,旨在为临床诊...“积之始生,得寒乃生”理论源自《黄帝内经》,可阐释肺结节发生发展的病因病机。本文在“积之始生,得寒乃生”理论指导下,探析肺结节因六淫寒邪、阳虚里寒、痰浊瘀热阻络而致,选以温阳散积、清热散积、通络散积的治疗方法,旨在为临床诊治肺结节提供思路。The theory of “The accumulation disease begins with the invasion of cold” is derived from the Huangdi Neijing, which can explain the etiology and pathogenesis of pulmonary sarcoidosis. Under the guidance of the theory of “The accumulation disease begins with the invasion of cold”, this paper probes into the pulmonary sarcoidosis caused by six exopathogens cold evil, yang deficiency and blood stasis heat blocking collaterals, and selects the treatment methods of warming yang accumulation, clearing away heat accumulation and dredging collaterals to provide ideas for clinical diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary sarcoidosis.展开更多
Abundant and well-preserved remains of noncalcareous algae and soft-bodied metazoans were collected from Middle Cambrian Kaili biota in Taijiang county, Guizhou Province, China. These remains provide further evidence ...Abundant and well-preserved remains of noncalcareous algae and soft-bodied metazoans were collected from Middle Cambrian Kaili biota in Taijiang county, Guizhou Province, China. These remains provide further evidence for the wide geographic distribution of many Burgess Shale taxa. Among the algae, 5 genera (including two new genera) and 5 species are described. They are Marpolia spissa Walcott, Acinocricus stichus Conway Morris and Robison, Udotealga erecta Yang, Eosargassum sawata Yang, and Rhizophyton zhaoyuanlongii Yang. Contrasting the macroalgal fossil assemblage in the Kaili biota with one in the Burgess Shale biota, it is clear that similarity of the Kaili biota and the Burgess Shale biota is reflected by the same content of not only the soft-bodied metazoans, but also the noncalcareous algae.展开更多
The paper deals with a new species of megaalgal fossil-Enteromophites intestinalis sp. nov. found in Chenejiang Biota in the early Cambrian. A morphological comparison of the living Enteromorpha and fossil Enteromophi...The paper deals with a new species of megaalgal fossil-Enteromophites intestinalis sp. nov. found in Chenejiang Biota in the early Cambrian. A morphological comparison of the living Enteromorpha and fossil Enteromophites indicates that there probably is a close relationship between these two genera. Based on a study on the surroundings of living Enteromorpha, Enteromophites intestinalis sp. nov. might have lived in the environment of sea or salt water.展开更多
Well preserved Early Cambrian small individual megascopic carbonaceous algal fossils have been found from the Chengjiang Biota. This paper deals with the new megascopic algal fossils in the Early Cambrian also from Ch...Well preserved Early Cambrian small individual megascopic carbonaceous algal fossils have been found from the Chengjiang Biota. This paper deals with the new megascopic algal fossils in the Early Cambrian also from Chengjiang Biota at Ercai Village, Haikou, Kunming, Yunnan, southwest China. Two new taxa, Longfengshania cordata sp. nov. and Plantulaformis sinensis gen. et sp. nov. are described here in detail. These new findings show that the Chengjiang Biota is high in species diversity of fossil algae and might offer new evidence for a better understanding of the Cambrian explosive biological evolution. Moreover, the fossils described here might belong to the megaalgal fossils according to detailed morphological study on the relationships of Longfengshania. Additionally, the occurrence of Longfengshania in the early Cambrian and the Neoproterozoic probably indicates a wide ecological tolerance and flexibility and apparently reflects its evolutionary conservation and a high degree of inherent genetic stability.展开更多
Using the measurement of stable carbon isotopes in leaves as a tool to investigate photosynthetic pathway of 102 plant species grown at an alpine meadow ecosystem, at the foot of the Qilian Mountain, Qinghai, China. T...Using the measurement of stable carbon isotopes in leaves as a tool to investigate photosynthetic pathway of 102 plant species grown at an alpine meadow ecosystem, at the foot of the Qilian Mountain, Qinghai, China. The results indicate that the delta C-13 values of plants have a narrow range from -28.24parts per thousand to -24.84parts per thousand, which means that none of the species examined belongs to C-4 and crassulaceous acid metabolism (CAM) photosynthetic pathway and all of these species perform photosynthesis through the C-3 pathway. This is likely due to a long-term adaptation to environments at the alpine meadow ecosystem.展开更多
To understand the dynamics of added nitrogen (N) in alpine meadow and the role of alpine plants and soil microorganisms in the retention of deposited N, the fate of 15 N labeled nitrate and ammonium salts was...To understand the dynamics of added nitrogen (N) in alpine meadow and the role of alpine plants and soil microorganisms in the retention of deposited N, the fate of 15 N labeled nitrate and ammonium salts was determined in an alpine meadow for two months. Two weeks after 15 N application, total recovery of 15 N from NO - 3_ 15 N was 73.5% while it was 78% from NH + 4_ 15 N. More 15 N was recovered in plants than in soil organic matter or in microbial biomass, irrespective of forms of N added. After one month, 70.6% of added NO - 3_ 15 N and 57.4% of NH + 4_ 15 N were recovered in soils and plants. 15 N recovered in soil organic matter decreased greatly while that recovered in plants varied little, irrespective of the form N. Compared with the results of two weeks after 15 N application, more NO - 3_ 15 N than NH + 4_ 15 N was recovered in microbial biomass. Total recovery was 58.4% (six weeks) and 67% (eight weeks) from NO - 3_ 15 N, and 43.1% and 49% from NH + 4_ 15 N, respectively. Both plants and soil microorganism recovered more NO - 3_ 15 N than NH + 4_ 15 N. But plants recovered more 15 N than soil microorganisms. During the whole experiment plants retained more NO - 3_N and 15 N than soil microorganisms while 15 N recovered in inorganic N pool did not exceed 1% due to lower amount of inorganic N. This indicates that plants play more important roles in the retention of deposited N although microbial biomass can be an important sink for deposited N in early days after N application.展开更多
Based on mass balance theory and IsoSource program,stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic ratios revealed that small mammals (plateau pika,root vole and plateau zokor) contributed 26.8% and 27.0% and 29.2% to alpine weas...Based on mass balance theory and IsoSource program,stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic ratios revealed that small mammals (plateau pika,root vole and plateau zokor) contributed 26.8% and 27.0% and 29.2% to alpine weasel,steppe polecat and upland buzzard of carnivores as food respectively;adult passerine birds contributed 22.3%,47.7% and 69.1%,with hatchlings contributing 50.9%,25.6% and 1.70% to each respectively.δ 13 C values plotted against δ 15 N indicated significant partitioning in two-dimensional space among the three carnivores.It was reasonable to propose a food resource partitioning among alpine weasel,steppe polecat and upland buzzard,which partially revealed their co-existence mechanisms.展开更多
In order to improve the meat production performance of local sheep varieties in Gansu Province, Dorset was introduced to crossbreed with the local sheep varieties, including Tan sheep, Small Tail Han sheep and Mongoli...In order to improve the meat production performance of local sheep varieties in Gansu Province, Dorset was introduced to crossbreed with the local sheep varieties, including Tan sheep, Small Tail Han sheep and Mongolia sheep. The offspring of different crossbreeding combinations were sampled randomly at different growth stages, and their growth and development traits were measured so as to screen out the best crossbreeding mode. The results showed that under the same crossbreeding mode, the growth rate of F3 was higher than that of F2, and of F2 was higher than that of F1. Among the F3 population, the growth rates of Dorset ×Han and Dorset × Mongolia hybrids were higher. Compared with those of Dorset ×Tan F3 hybrids, the body weights of male and female Dorset × Han and Dorset ×Mongolia F3 hybrids were increased by 5.59%, 4.40%, 5.93% and 3.76%, respectively. Among the F2 population, the growth rates of Dorset × Han and Dorset ×Mongolia hybrids were also higher. The body weights of male and female Dorset ×Han and Dorset × Mongolia F2 hybrids were higher than those of Dorset × Tan ×Han F2 hybrids by 5.99%, 3.67%, 9.80% and 5.00%, respectively. In the F1 population, the growth rates of Dorset × Han and Dorset × Mongolia hybrids were higher.Compared with those of Tan × Han F1 hybrids, the body weights of male and female Dorset × Han and Dorset × Mongolia F1 hybrids were increased by 11.32%,5.22%, 7.60% and 7.20%, respectively. Therefore, in the feeding area of Small Tai Han sheep, Mongolia sheep and Tan sheep, Dorset was the best sire for producing hybrid lambs. The economic benefit of crossbred offspring was obvious.展开更多
In this study, Liriomyza sativaes was raised on Florist cinerarias in greenhouse with different temperatures at 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 ℃, and their corresponding development duration of entire generation were 47.0, 25...In this study, Liriomyza sativaes was raised on Florist cinerarias in greenhouse with different temperatures at 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 ℃, and their corresponding development duration of entire generation were 47.0, 25.0, 15.5, 12.5 and 12.0 d. The beginning growth temperatures of egg, larva, pupa and entire generation of Liriomyza sativae were 8.5, 9.8, 10.2 and 10.4 ℃, and their effective accumulated temperatures were 52.7, 75.8, 158.5 and 262.2 d ·℃, respectively. Liriomyza sativae had 7 generations on Florist cinerarias in Ningxia each year. However, it occurred in the whole year in greenhouse. The length of its development duration in greenhouse decreased in order from cucumber, Callestephus chinensis, Florist cinerarias to pea, but the eclosion rate of its pupa was in the eentrary order. Under the temperature of 10, 0, - 15 and 20 ℃ ,the longer the storage of pupa was,the higher the mortality rate would be. Liriomyza sativae couldn＇t survive in the winter in Ningxia Province in the natural environment.展开更多
文摘“积之始生,得寒乃生”理论源自《黄帝内经》,可阐释肺结节发生发展的病因病机。本文在“积之始生,得寒乃生”理论指导下,探析肺结节因六淫寒邪、阳虚里寒、痰浊瘀热阻络而致,选以温阳散积、清热散积、通络散积的治疗方法,旨在为临床诊治肺结节提供思路。The theory of “The accumulation disease begins with the invasion of cold” is derived from the Huangdi Neijing, which can explain the etiology and pathogenesis of pulmonary sarcoidosis. Under the guidance of the theory of “The accumulation disease begins with the invasion of cold”, this paper probes into the pulmonary sarcoidosis caused by six exopathogens cold evil, yang deficiency and blood stasis heat blocking collaterals, and selects the treatment methods of warming yang accumulation, clearing away heat accumulation and dredging collaterals to provide ideas for clinical diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary sarcoidosis.
文摘Abundant and well-preserved remains of noncalcareous algae and soft-bodied metazoans were collected from Middle Cambrian Kaili biota in Taijiang county, Guizhou Province, China. These remains provide further evidence for the wide geographic distribution of many Burgess Shale taxa. Among the algae, 5 genera (including two new genera) and 5 species are described. They are Marpolia spissa Walcott, Acinocricus stichus Conway Morris and Robison, Udotealga erecta Yang, Eosargassum sawata Yang, and Rhizophyton zhaoyuanlongii Yang. Contrasting the macroalgal fossil assemblage in the Kaili biota with one in the Burgess Shale biota, it is clear that similarity of the Kaili biota and the Burgess Shale biota is reflected by the same content of not only the soft-bodied metazoans, but also the noncalcareous algae.
文摘The paper deals with a new species of megaalgal fossil-Enteromophites intestinalis sp. nov. found in Chenejiang Biota in the early Cambrian. A morphological comparison of the living Enteromorpha and fossil Enteromophites indicates that there probably is a close relationship between these two genera. Based on a study on the surroundings of living Enteromorpha, Enteromophites intestinalis sp. nov. might have lived in the environment of sea or salt water.
文摘Well preserved Early Cambrian small individual megascopic carbonaceous algal fossils have been found from the Chengjiang Biota. This paper deals with the new megascopic algal fossils in the Early Cambrian also from Chengjiang Biota at Ercai Village, Haikou, Kunming, Yunnan, southwest China. Two new taxa, Longfengshania cordata sp. nov. and Plantulaformis sinensis gen. et sp. nov. are described here in detail. These new findings show that the Chengjiang Biota is high in species diversity of fossil algae and might offer new evidence for a better understanding of the Cambrian explosive biological evolution. Moreover, the fossils described here might belong to the megaalgal fossils according to detailed morphological study on the relationships of Longfengshania. Additionally, the occurrence of Longfengshania in the early Cambrian and the Neoproterozoic probably indicates a wide ecological tolerance and flexibility and apparently reflects its evolutionary conservation and a high degree of inherent genetic stability.
文摘Using the measurement of stable carbon isotopes in leaves as a tool to investigate photosynthetic pathway of 102 plant species grown at an alpine meadow ecosystem, at the foot of the Qilian Mountain, Qinghai, China. The results indicate that the delta C-13 values of plants have a narrow range from -28.24parts per thousand to -24.84parts per thousand, which means that none of the species examined belongs to C-4 and crassulaceous acid metabolism (CAM) photosynthetic pathway and all of these species perform photosynthesis through the C-3 pathway. This is likely due to a long-term adaptation to environments at the alpine meadow ecosystem.
文摘To understand the dynamics of added nitrogen (N) in alpine meadow and the role of alpine plants and soil microorganisms in the retention of deposited N, the fate of 15 N labeled nitrate and ammonium salts was determined in an alpine meadow for two months. Two weeks after 15 N application, total recovery of 15 N from NO - 3_ 15 N was 73.5% while it was 78% from NH + 4_ 15 N. More 15 N was recovered in plants than in soil organic matter or in microbial biomass, irrespective of forms of N added. After one month, 70.6% of added NO - 3_ 15 N and 57.4% of NH + 4_ 15 N were recovered in soils and plants. 15 N recovered in soil organic matter decreased greatly while that recovered in plants varied little, irrespective of the form N. Compared with the results of two weeks after 15 N application, more NO - 3_ 15 N than NH + 4_ 15 N was recovered in microbial biomass. Total recovery was 58.4% (six weeks) and 67% (eight weeks) from NO - 3_ 15 N, and 43.1% and 49% from NH + 4_ 15 N, respectively. Both plants and soil microorganism recovered more NO - 3_ 15 N than NH + 4_ 15 N. But plants recovered more 15 N than soil microorganisms. During the whole experiment plants retained more NO - 3_N and 15 N than soil microorganisms while 15 N recovered in inorganic N pool did not exceed 1% due to lower amount of inorganic N. This indicates that plants play more important roles in the retention of deposited N although microbial biomass can be an important sink for deposited N in early days after N application.
文摘Based on mass balance theory and IsoSource program,stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic ratios revealed that small mammals (plateau pika,root vole and plateau zokor) contributed 26.8% and 27.0% and 29.2% to alpine weasel,steppe polecat and upland buzzard of carnivores as food respectively;adult passerine birds contributed 22.3%,47.7% and 69.1%,with hatchlings contributing 50.9%,25.6% and 1.70% to each respectively.δ 13 C values plotted against δ 15 N indicated significant partitioning in two-dimensional space among the three carnivores.It was reasonable to propose a food resource partitioning among alpine weasel,steppe polecat and upland buzzard,which partially revealed their co-existence mechanisms.
文摘In order to improve the meat production performance of local sheep varieties in Gansu Province, Dorset was introduced to crossbreed with the local sheep varieties, including Tan sheep, Small Tail Han sheep and Mongolia sheep. The offspring of different crossbreeding combinations were sampled randomly at different growth stages, and their growth and development traits were measured so as to screen out the best crossbreeding mode. The results showed that under the same crossbreeding mode, the growth rate of F3 was higher than that of F2, and of F2 was higher than that of F1. Among the F3 population, the growth rates of Dorset ×Han and Dorset × Mongolia hybrids were higher. Compared with those of Dorset ×Tan F3 hybrids, the body weights of male and female Dorset × Han and Dorset ×Mongolia F3 hybrids were increased by 5.59%, 4.40%, 5.93% and 3.76%, respectively. Among the F2 population, the growth rates of Dorset × Han and Dorset ×Mongolia hybrids were also higher. The body weights of male and female Dorset ×Han and Dorset × Mongolia F2 hybrids were higher than those of Dorset × Tan ×Han F2 hybrids by 5.99%, 3.67%, 9.80% and 5.00%, respectively. In the F1 population, the growth rates of Dorset × Han and Dorset × Mongolia hybrids were higher.Compared with those of Tan × Han F1 hybrids, the body weights of male and female Dorset × Han and Dorset × Mongolia F1 hybrids were increased by 11.32%,5.22%, 7.60% and 7.20%, respectively. Therefore, in the feeding area of Small Tai Han sheep, Mongolia sheep and Tan sheep, Dorset was the best sire for producing hybrid lambs. The economic benefit of crossbred offspring was obvious.
基金Supported by the Ningxia Natural Foundation Program(NZ0501)~~
文摘In this study, Liriomyza sativaes was raised on Florist cinerarias in greenhouse with different temperatures at 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 ℃, and their corresponding development duration of entire generation were 47.0, 25.0, 15.5, 12.5 and 12.0 d. The beginning growth temperatures of egg, larva, pupa and entire generation of Liriomyza sativae were 8.5, 9.8, 10.2 and 10.4 ℃, and their effective accumulated temperatures were 52.7, 75.8, 158.5 and 262.2 d ·℃, respectively. Liriomyza sativae had 7 generations on Florist cinerarias in Ningxia each year. However, it occurred in the whole year in greenhouse. The length of its development duration in greenhouse decreased in order from cucumber, Callestephus chinensis, Florist cinerarias to pea, but the eclosion rate of its pupa was in the eentrary order. Under the temperature of 10, 0, - 15 and 20 ℃ ,the longer the storage of pupa was,the higher the mortality rate would be. Liriomyza sativae couldn＇t survive in the winter in Ningxia Province in the natural environment.
