The purpose of the investigation was to assess the opportunity to use spring waters as indicator for the load state of rural landscape ecosystems. In the periods from 2000-2003 and 2011-2012, the physical and chemical...The purpose of the investigation was to assess the opportunity to use spring waters as indicator for the load state of rural landscape ecosystems. In the periods from 2000-2003 and 2011-2012, the physical and chemical water quality of 55 freshwater springs in the German federal state of the Saarland was investigated in monthly intervals. The catchment areas of the springs represented the prevailing geological formations in the Saarland as well as the main land use types such as forest, grassland and arable land. The results show a clear correlation between the nitrate content and the share of arable land in the closer catchment area of the springs. The problem of acidification and related processes occurs mainly at the sites with acid parent rock material and accordingly substrates deficient in lime. Very low pH-values between 4 and 5 are observed and the aluminum concentration levels are consistently increased. Especially at sites with low calcium content in the geological substrate, a progressive destruction of the clay minerals can be assumed. In the extremely acidic spring waters, which showed the highest aluminum contamination during the measurement 10 years ago, the aluminum-values decreased slightly. This indicates that the clay minerals in these locations are already completely destroyed. Thus, it can be concluded that the investigation of spring waters provides information on the geo-ecological conditions in catchment areas. By means of the multi-temporal approach, changes of land use or other influences by human activities can be detected.展开更多
Marx and Engels related and analyzed the relationship between humans and nature as early as more than 100 years ago. and they revealed the interdependent and indivisible relationship between humans and nature in the d...Marx and Engels related and analyzed the relationship between humans and nature as early as more than 100 years ago. and they revealed the interdependent and indivisible relationship between humans and nature in the development of the human society and history from the perspectives of the dialectical materialism and the historical materialism. The Communist Party of China has always attached great importance to the ecological problems. The ＂17th CPC National Congress＂ wrote for the first time the ＂ecological civilization＂ into the political report. The ＂18th CPC National Congress＂ placed the construction of the ecological civilization in a prominent position, emphasizing that the ecological construction should be integrated into all aspects and the whole process of the economic construction, the political construction, the cultural construction and the social construction. The report of ＂19th CPC National Congress＂ promoted the construction of the ecological civilization to a new strategic level, and made an Omni-directional discussion from a new height, the new goals. the new values, the new roles and the new initiatives and other aspects.展开更多
Visual artists in the island provinces of the Philippines often find themselves navigating through adversities in the production and dissemination of their creative work. With the visual-arts praxis being exclusively ...Visual artists in the island provinces of the Philippines often find themselves navigating through adversities in the production and dissemination of their creative work. With the visual-arts praxis being exclusively cited in the nation’s capital city, the majority of artists spread over an archipelago of seven thousand islands fall under the notion of struggling, but persevering creator. This paper aims to describe and evaluate the art ecology of Cebu City, the art-related conditions of artists and their tenacity. The methodology used for case-creation： semi-structured interviews, in-depth interviews, and observation. The main finding of the study is that contemporary visual artists in the island province of Cebu, Philippines perceive the struggles from the production to the consumption of art as customary to their milieus. The study plots the current visual-arts ecology model of the locale and proposes future innovations for the development of the sector’s value chain. From the context of a developing country, the study also expands the discussion between creating art for art’s sake and art as a market commodity through the intermediate position of artists.展开更多
文摘The purpose of the investigation was to assess the opportunity to use spring waters as indicator for the load state of rural landscape ecosystems. In the periods from 2000-2003 and 2011-2012, the physical and chemical water quality of 55 freshwater springs in the German federal state of the Saarland was investigated in monthly intervals. The catchment areas of the springs represented the prevailing geological formations in the Saarland as well as the main land use types such as forest, grassland and arable land. The results show a clear correlation between the nitrate content and the share of arable land in the closer catchment area of the springs. The problem of acidification and related processes occurs mainly at the sites with acid parent rock material and accordingly substrates deficient in lime. Very low pH-values between 4 and 5 are observed and the aluminum concentration levels are consistently increased. Especially at sites with low calcium content in the geological substrate, a progressive destruction of the clay minerals can be assumed. In the extremely acidic spring waters, which showed the highest aluminum contamination during the measurement 10 years ago, the aluminum-values decreased slightly. This indicates that the clay minerals in these locations are already completely destroyed. Thus, it can be concluded that the investigation of spring waters provides information on the geo-ecological conditions in catchment areas. By means of the multi-temporal approach, changes of land use or other influences by human activities can be detected.
文摘Marx and Engels related and analyzed the relationship between humans and nature as early as more than 100 years ago. and they revealed the interdependent and indivisible relationship between humans and nature in the development of the human society and history from the perspectives of the dialectical materialism and the historical materialism. The Communist Party of China has always attached great importance to the ecological problems. The ＂17th CPC National Congress＂ wrote for the first time the ＂ecological civilization＂ into the political report. The ＂18th CPC National Congress＂ placed the construction of the ecological civilization in a prominent position, emphasizing that the ecological construction should be integrated into all aspects and the whole process of the economic construction, the political construction, the cultural construction and the social construction. The report of ＂19th CPC National Congress＂ promoted the construction of the ecological civilization to a new strategic level, and made an Omni-directional discussion from a new height, the new goals. the new values, the new roles and the new initiatives and other aspects.
文摘Visual artists in the island provinces of the Philippines often find themselves navigating through adversities in the production and dissemination of their creative work. With the visual-arts praxis being exclusively cited in the nation’s capital city, the majority of artists spread over an archipelago of seven thousand islands fall under the notion of struggling, but persevering creator. This paper aims to describe and evaluate the art ecology of Cebu City, the art-related conditions of artists and their tenacity. The methodology used for case-creation： semi-structured interviews, in-depth interviews, and observation. The main finding of the study is that contemporary visual artists in the island province of Cebu, Philippines perceive the struggles from the production to the consumption of art as customary to their milieus. The study plots the current visual-arts ecology model of the locale and proposes future innovations for the development of the sector’s value chain. From the context of a developing country, the study also expands the discussion between creating art for art’s sake and art as a market commodity through the intermediate position of artists.
