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构建土壤生态筛选基准的技术关键及方法学概述 被引量:24
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作者 颜增光 谷庆宝 +1 位作者 周娟 李发生 《生态毒理学报》 CAS CSCD 2008年第5期417-427,共11页
土壤生态筛选基准是指为了对陆地生物及关键的土壤生态功能提供适当保护而制定的土壤中污染物的浓度限值,污染物浓度超过此值,需对土壤采取进一步的风险评价行动或污染控制措施.论文综述了当前国际上土壤生态筛选基准的发展现状,系统阐... 土壤生态筛选基准是指为了对陆地生物及关键的土壤生态功能提供适当保护而制定的土壤中污染物的浓度限值,污染物浓度超过此值,需对土壤采取进一步的风险评价行动或污染控制措施.论文综述了当前国际上土壤生态筛选基准的发展现状,系统阐述了制定土壤生态筛选基准的方法学及4个基本步骤:数据收集、适用数据的选择、基于效应的数据外推与阈值估算和筛选值的最终确立,并对构建适于我国使用的土壤生态筛选基准时可能会遇到的关键问题进行了讨论. 展开更多
关键词 污染土壤 生态风险评价 土壤生态筛选基准
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不同国家土壤生态筛选值比较与启示 被引量:6
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作者 李勖之 姜瑢 +4 位作者 孙丽 郑丽萍 王国庆 龙涛 林玉锁 《环境化学》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2022年第3期1001-1010,共10页
土壤污染生态风险防控是我国土壤环境保护和管理的重要目标。与国外发达国家相比,我国尚未建立基于生态风险的土壤筛选值(土壤生态筛选值),当前有关土壤生态筛选值的综述相对较少。本文系统梳理了美国环境保护局(EPA)、英国环境署(EA)... 土壤污染生态风险防控是我国土壤环境保护和管理的重要目标。与国外发达国家相比,我国尚未建立基于生态风险的土壤筛选值(土壤生态筛选值),当前有关土壤生态筛选值的综述相对较少。本文系统梳理了美国环境保护局(EPA)、英国环境署(EA)、荷兰住房、空间规划和环境部(VROM)和加拿大环境部长理事会(CCME)制定的土壤生态筛选值,从标准定位、关键受体、暴露途径、推导方法和生物有效性等方面进行对比分析。结果表明,不同国家土壤生态筛选值均考虑了土壤直接接触毒性和经生物富集和生物放大的二次毒性,推导方法普遍采用生态风险评估方法,并充分考虑污染物的生物有效性。然而,当前我国土壤风险管控标准中仅GB 15618—2018农用地标准的部分考虑了污染物对农作物生长和土壤生态的影响,且试验和推导方法与国外筛选值存在较大差异。因此,“十四五”期间建议初步构建我国土壤生态风险评估框架,明确土壤生态筛选值的定位、作用和使用形式,加强代表性物种和典型土壤的陆生生态毒理学等基础研究,建立科学、规范的土壤生态筛选值制定方法和配套指南,尝试建立适合我国土壤区域特征的土壤污染归一方程和淋洗/老化因子,为我国土壤生态筛选值的制定提供建议和参考。 展开更多
关键词 生态筛选 直接接触毒性 二次毒性 风险评估 生物有效性 土壤
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松材线虫病疫区困难立地生态修复树种筛选试验
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作者 罗致迪 杨彩柏 罗惠文 《世界生态学》 2024年第2期298-304,共7页
赣南地区多数丹霞地貌或紫色页岩、红色砂岩等困难立地原有先锋树种马尾松染疫,疫木清除后森林覆盖率下降,间接造成疫区困难立地变成生态功能脆弱区,严重威胁南方重要生态屏障。为了加快恢复南方松材线虫病染疫困难立地生态系统健康,开... 赣南地区多数丹霞地貌或紫色页岩、红色砂岩等困难立地原有先锋树种马尾松染疫,疫木清除后森林覆盖率下降,间接造成疫区困难立地变成生态功能脆弱区,严重威胁南方重要生态屏障。为了加快恢复南方松材线虫病染疫困难立地生态系统健康,开展松材线虫病疫区困难立地生态修复树种筛选试验,通过调查监测,比较了涉及到的13个树种的成活率、树高、地径、冠幅等生长指标。试验结果表明,适宜南方松材线虫病疫区困难立地生态修复优势树种为蓝桉、泡桐、光皮桦、黑荆树、桃金娘和黄栀子。 展开更多
关键词 松材线虫 困难立地 生态修复树种筛选
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湘东生态区超级杂交中稻生态适应性及高产栽培研究
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作者 王汉青 吴朝晖 《湖南农业科学》 2007年第4期104-105,137,共3页
为了摸索不同超级杂交中稻新品种(组合)在不同生态区的丰产性、适应性、抗逆性及高产栽培技术,2006年对隆平高科等7个单位的30个杂交中稻新品种(系)进行了生态区筛选试验。结果表明:科超3218、准S/1243、C两优87、Y优7号4个品种(组合)... 为了摸索不同超级杂交中稻新品种(组合)在不同生态区的丰产性、适应性、抗逆性及高产栽培技术,2006年对隆平高科等7个单位的30个杂交中稻新品种(系)进行了生态区筛选试验。结果表明:科超3218、准S/1243、C两优87、Y优7号4个品种(组合)丰产性、抗性及抗倒伏能力、分蘖能力、株叶型态等综合性状突出,建议在生产中大面积推广应用。 展开更多
关键词 超级杂交中稻 生态筛选 高产栽培
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Comprehensive ecological risk assessment for heavy metal pollutions in three phases in rivers 被引量:4
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作者 张颖 周军 +3 位作者 高凤杰 张宝杰 马彪 李立清 《Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2015年第10期3436-3441,共6页
Literature lacked in providing a comprehensive research on heavy metal detection in aquatic, biological and sedimentary states of rivers. The present study was imparted with all these three components of the river. He... Literature lacked in providing a comprehensive research on heavy metal detection in aquatic, biological and sedimentary states of rivers. The present study was imparted with all these three components of the river. Heavy metal toxicity or pollution index was used as a tool for ecological risk assessment by considering the single state studies conducted by many researchers. An intensive ecological risk assessment model was constructed and heavy metals were indicated as a serious threat to the environment. The model was applied to determining five toxic heavy metals in three states of the Songhua River. According to the ecological risk index, heavy metal pollution in three phases was categorized as aquatic〉biological〉sedimentary, while the overall descending order of heavy metal ecological risk index was as Cd〉Hg〉As〉Pb〉Cr. Cd and Hg were selected as the priority pollutants of Songhua River. 展开更多
关键词 comprehensive ecological risk assessment priority pollutants selection heavy metal Songhua River
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Framework Design of Eco-Technology Evaluation Platform and Integration System
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作者 肖玉 谢高地 甄霖 《Journal of Resources and Ecology》 CSCD 2017年第4期325-331,共7页
Global ecological degradation is a matter of enormous concern. In the early 20 st century, the United States, Europe and China began to apply eco-technology to ecosystem management and restoration in order to slow dow... Global ecological degradation is a matter of enormous concern. In the early 20 st century, the United States, Europe and China began to apply eco-technology to ecosystem management and restoration in order to slow down or stop ecological degradation. To date, there has been neither a systematic summary and scientific evaluation, nor is there a unified platform to describe ecological degradation problems in different areas and existing eco-technologies. These shortcomings have hindered the popularization and application of technologies. This study intends to build an eco-technology evaluation platform and integration system that brings together heterogeneous data from multiple sources. The key technology of the eco-technology evaluation platform and integration system is information integration technology. We will establish a metadata engine based on metadata storage to achieve access to and integration of metadata and heterogeneous data sources. The information integration mode based on a metamodel addresses information heterogeneity at four levels: system, syntax, structure and semantics. We develop the framework for an eco-technology evaluation platform and integration system to integrate ecotechnology databases, eco-technology evaluation model databases, eco-technology evaluation parameter databases and spatial databases of ecological degradation and eco-technology with metadata and metamodel integration mode. This system can support functions for the query and display of global and typical ecological degradation and the query, display, evaluation and prioritization of eco-technologies, which can realize the visualization of global and Chinese ecological degradation and eco-technology evaluation and prioritization. This system will help government decision makers and relevant departments to understand ecological degradation and the effects of ecotechnology implementation. 展开更多
关键词 eco-technology evaluation eco-technology prioritization integrated system METADATA METAMODEL
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