和谐共生视角下县域节地生态安葬的现状及推广模式研究——基于湖南省8县3区的实践调查

面对人多地少的基本国情和资源短缺、环境污染、生态系统受损等严峻形势,推行节地生态安葬具有非常重要的现实意义。文章基于对湖南省8县3区进行问卷调查、抽样访谈以及赴长沙市天心区金陵城市绿化墓园实地调查,对湖南省节地生态安葬现状展开调研。发现湖南省县区节地生态安葬存在着政策推行不到位、技术壁垒、居民认识程度不高等问题,并针对此提出推动政府工作落地落实、引导群众转变传统思想等对策建议。

国外的“都市农业”与中国城市生态节地策略

借鉴国外都市农业的经验,并结合我国国情,提出城市生态节地策略:打破城乡绝对分野、树立绿化新观念、开拓种植面积、构建都市农业生态循环系统,以"零占地"方案探讨生态节地策略的可行性。

中国节地生态安葬政策问题与对策研究

殡葬乃民生大事,实现“逝有所安”“厚养礼葬”既是一种传统美德,又是新时代满足人民群众生活多元需求的一项重要内容。随着人口老龄化日益严重,年死亡率居高不下,人地矛盾日益凸显,通过全面深入推进节地生态殡葬,最大限度缓解环境压力,已经成为我们必须面对的重大问题。本研究对近年来国内节地生态安葬推广方面所取得的成绩进行考察,对影响节地生态安葬推广的因素进行深入分析,借鉴国外相对发达国家和地区经验做法,提出适合我国国情的节地生态安葬的对策建议。

火把节的起源——瘴气说

火把节是滇西南少数民族重要的传统节日,一直以来围绕着火把节起源的争论众说纷纭。该文从原生态火把节及半原始形态火把节的彝族火把节和白族火把节两条线路出发,从火把节的仪式、举办的活动等多方面抽丝剥茧,发现火把节从最初的祈求上苍收回邪崇对人畜的惩罚,“饶恕”男性,保证人口繁衍,逐渐上升到火灭虫害的实用性上。因此,火把节是滇西南各少数民族先民抗击瘴气疫毒的重要举措之一,其演变史也可堪称早期滇西南各族民众与恶劣环境作斗争的典范,是少数民族先民集体智慧的结晶。

生态节事活动投射形象与感知形象的差异研究——以2019北京世界园艺博览会为例

生态节事活动的成功举办与形象传播对建设生态城市、弘扬生态文明理念具有重要意义。以2019北京世界园艺博览会为案例,基于“投射形象-感知形象”的分析框架,运用内容分析、对应分析、成分分析方法,评估了典型生态节事活动的形象投射与感知差异。研究发现:(1)北京世园会形象可以划分为旅游吸引物、环境与地方氛围、设施与服务、旅游体验4个维度。(2)投射形象与感知形象仅在旅游吸引物维度方向差异小,在环境与地方氛围、设施与服务、旅游体验维度方向差异大。(3)投射形象与感知形象在旅游体验、环境与地方氛围维度上成分差异大;在旅游吸引物和设施与服务维度,投射形象内部存在明显分异,反映在官方微博的投射形象与感知形象成分差异大,设施与服务维度官方公众号的投射形象与感知形象成分差异大。(4)北京世园会努力建构的绿色生态的环境与地方氛围在游客感知层面接受度较差,核心原因是供需两侧的目标、需求与策略的不匹配。本研究对北京世园会投射形象与感知形象的方向差异与成分差异进行了重点分析,揭示了其在不同主题维度的区别化特征。这有助于促进生态节事活动的科学化、精细化评估,为其形象传播效果提升提供支持。

基于生态背景下节地安葬葬式葬法研究——以金华市生态殡葬改革为例

随着十八大的召开,生态文明建设已经成为党中央和国务院高度重视且重点推动的一项工作。2016年九部委联合下发了《关于推行节地生态葬的指导意见》,将节地生态葬作为殡葬改革一项十分重要的工作任务提出。文中以金华市"十二五"期间殡葬改革和节地生态葬方面取得的成绩为基础,提出在借鉴国内外节地生态葬的成功经验同时,以强化政府的职能,创新和落实奖补政策,提升文明与科技含量,加强监控与管理和提高从业人员的服务水平等举措,逐步解决制约金华市节地生态葬推行的瓶颈,促进"两美"生态文明城市的建设。

清贫朴实的生与死——墨家节用、节葬对当今环境、生态的启发

墨家主张“兼爱兴利”,但在战乱频仍的战国时代,天下凋敝,民不聊生,何来之“利”?其一得抿除战争(除害),故主张“非攻”,其二乃开展民生方面的节流,故提出“节用”“节葬”,主张“崇俭去奢”。当今全球文明地区无不积极推展绿色科技,然而,如果无法有效消弭破坏源(除害),又如何可能真正兴利?本文即欲由墨家“节用”“节葬”的论点及当今时代的具体作为,省思当今“人口”“劳动力”“殡葬”等相关问题,寻得解决之道。关于“节用”方面,除了衣、食、住、行的俭约外,提出“人口”和“劳动力”之问题。关于“人口”,在于如何藉由各个方面的节度以达致人口的增长,今之人口问题不在于量而在于平衡;而关于“劳动力”,则在于如何付诸劳力以展现最大效益。在“节葬”方面,主要在于“仁者之为天下度”以及“孝子之为亲度”两原则下的思考,在寸土寸金的今天,“厚葬久丧”则主要在于土葬对土地资源的消耗,现在虽有朝向火葬后存放灵骨塔之趋势,但强调人文自然关怀的自然葬法是否更符合殡葬的意义以及当今的现况?

衢州推行节地生态殡葬的可行性研究

随着环境污染日趋严重,生态系统日趋退化,推行节地生态殡葬成为深化殡葬改革、贯彻绿色发展理念的一条重要路径。基于浙江衢州518位市民的调查数据,对衢州市节地生态殡葬实施现状进行总结和分析,得出推行节地生态殡葬的过程中存的问题与困境。调研表明,受政府投入和宣传力度不够、生态殡葬文化引领缺失、可借鉴经验匮乏等诸多因素影响,节地生态殡葬方式在衢州市还未得到广泛普及,但市民对节地生态殡葬的接受程度较高,结合财力支持和物力支持来看,衢州推行节地生态殡葬具有较强的可行性。因此,建议从政府统筹规划、生态殡葬文化引领、国外生态殡葬经验的借鉴以及生态殡葬墓地管理等多个角度促进生态殡葬改革。

高峰林场举办首届生态竹笋节

八月的风，舞动着满目青山的竹海，也舞动着高峰林场每个职工和来宾的心…… 8月22日，高峰林场在银岭分场举办首届“高峰林场生态竹笋节”。上午九时许，生态竹笋节在精彩的节目表演中拉开序幕。呐喊声、欢笑声激荡在比赛的每一个场面，职工和嘉宾们尽情地享受着银岭的竹韵……

现代生态陵园规划设计初探——以德化县鹤仙山生态园概念规划为例

以德化县鹤仙山生态园规划设计为例,探索我国殡葬业改革背景下的陵园规划设计。提出在传统孝文化的核心思想上,引入“节地生态葬+互联网”新模式,以旅游祭祀为发展理念,打造一个集“人文化、生态化、园林化、现代化”为一体的高品质生态陵园。

打造低碳、便捷、生态的城市交通综合体——常德市金丹路方案设计说明

本文以大学城特有功能需求，结合大学城的设计元素特色，设计出具有大学城的满足各方面需求的地域景观特色。

城市“屋顶农业”发展可行性及其策略研究

根据当前建设生态节地型城市的国际化趋势和未来我国经济社会可持续发展的客观需求,研究了"屋顶农业"在可持续时代的发展趋势。从资源条件、实践基础、文化积淀和技术累积等多方面分析我国屋顶农业发展的可行性,总结我国屋顶农业发展的现状,将屋顶农业活动分为市民自发型和组织主导型两大类,并分析现状存在的问题。最后,从城市规划、环境卫生、物业管理、技术研发及公众参与等多角度提出策略与建议。

中国特色的汽车露营公园建设——以北京国际汽车露营公园为例

房车旅游作为生态旅游的一种,在国外已经发展了数十年,成为人们休闲旅游的一部分,而中国的房车旅游还是新兴事物,处于起步阶段。因此,在国外已较为成熟且普及的房车营地旅游成为了中国现阶段大有发展前景的特色旅游形式,建设中国特色的房车旅游营地,是这一特色旅游形式大力发展的必要手段,北京国际汽车露营公园是中国目前较为完善且获得欧洲四星标准认证的露营公园,本文以此为例,探讨其开发与建设模式,为中国特色的汽车露营公园建设提出方向,开拓中国的特色休闲旅游领域。

On Ecological Design of Indoor Environment Based on Energy-conservation and Gas Emission-reduction

With the rapid development of economy, requirements on indoor environment design are getting higher and higher, but its prosperity brings ecological environment serious destruction and over consumption of resources. Under the global environment of the sustainable development, the principles of indoor environment design were analyzed ecologically and corresponding implementation methods were proposed to provide reference for energy-conservation and gas emission-reduction in the ecological system of indoor environment.

Seasonal Dynamics of Biomass under Different Land Use Patterns

[Objective] The aim was to study seasonal dynamics of biomass under different land use patterns. [Methed] Aboveground biomass and underground biomass of plants under 3 different surface cover conditions of Stipa krylovii, Leymus chinensis and farmland were determined in growing season （ from May to October） of 2008. [ Result ] The aboveground biomass of Stipa krylovii, Leymus chinensis and farmland in August all reached the highest value, which of Stipa krylovii, Leymus chinensis and farmland was 287.91,117.05 and 193.59 g/m2, respectively. The total biomass of plant roots of the 3 plots in July all reached the highest value, which of Stipa krylovii, Leymus chinensis and farmland was 1 683.9, 1 601.9 and 513.9 g/m2, respectively. Leymus chinensis had the biggest biomass ratio of upper plant roots （0 - 15 cm） to lower plant roots （15 -30 cm）, Stipa krylovii took second place, and farmland had the smallest one. ~ Conclusion The research provides theoretical basis for the ecological environment protection of ecological fragile area.

论多元化元素在主题花卉展览中的作用

主题花卉展览的成功除要充分地展示以花的色、形、新、奇、特等自然特点和生物学特性外,更要挖掘与花有关的文化、历史、艺术等元素,才能增加花展的吸引力和影响力。以湖南世界名花生态文化节为例,通过生态文化、植物多样性、历史、文学、社会公益、艺术和宣传教育等七大元素对主题花卉展览的内涵和价值进行深层次的剖析和研究,可见多元化元素的融入对提升主题花卉的品质、挖掘主题花卉的内涵、拓展主题花卉的功能和促进主题花卉的发展具有重要作用。

Modeling Study of Seasonal Variation of the Pelagic-Benthic Ecosystem Characteristics of the Bohai Sea

Based on experiment data of the Sino-German comprehensive investigations in the Bohai Sea in 1998 and 1999, a simple coupled pelagic-benthic ecosystem multi-box model is used to simulate the ecosystem seasonal variation. The pelagic sub-model consists of seven state variables： phytoplankton, zooplankton, TIN, TIP, DOC, POC and dissolved oxygen （DO）. The benthic sub-model includes macro-benthos, meiobenthos, bacteria, detritus, TIN and TIP in the sediment. Besides the effects of solar radiation, water temperature and the nutrient from sea bottom exudation, land-based inputs are considered. The impact of the advection terms between the boxes is also considered. Meanwhile, the effects of the micro- bial-loop are introduced with a simple parameterization. The seasonal variations and the horizontal distributions of the ecosystem state variables of the Bohai Sea are simulated. Compared with the observations, the results of the multi-box model are reasonable. The modeled results show that about 13% of the photosynthesis primary production goes to the main food loop, 20% transfers to the benthic domain, 44% is consumed by the respiration of phytoplankton, and the rest goes to DOC. Model results also show the importance of the microbial food loop in the ecosystem of the Bohai Sea, and its contribution to the annual zooplankton production can be 60%-64%.

Economic valuation of gas regulation as a service by rice-duck-fish complex ecosystem

Valuating the fimction of ecosystem services is crucial for accounting green GDP, making a conservation policy of ecological environment and the decision of regional development as well as sustainable development strategy. R ice-duck-fish symbiosis has been promoted in several developing countries as a way of increasing incomes for rice farmers, but investigations of its value have mainly focused on direct economic＇ benefits, such as food and raw material production. Few studies have been conducted on the estimation of indirect services provided by rice-duck-fish complex ecosystem. The gas regulation service and its economic values provided by rice-duck-fish complex ecosystem were studied in Wuhan, China. The major components of gas regulation are O2 emission and greenhouse gases （GHGs, CO2） regulation. The results show that O2 emission from different treatments （including rice-duck （RD）, rice-fish （RF）, rice-duck-fish （RDF） and rice （CK）） ranged from 26,370 kg/ha to 33,910 kg/ha per year. with an economic value of 10,050-12,920 yuan/ha per ）,ear （Chinese currency： 1 euro =10.2475 yuan, August 28, 2007）. The net GHGs exchange varied from 1,200 to 3,320 kg/ha per year; and its economic value ranged from 1,040 yuan/ha to 2,900 yuan/ha per year Consequently, the total economic value of gas regulation provided by symbiosis complex ecosystems ranged from 11,090 yuan/ha to 15,820 yuan/ha per year. and the maximum overall economic value of gas regulation was provided by RDF complex ecosystem. The work will be useful for further understanding of the functions of rice-duck-fish complex ecos.vstem services and supplying the theoretical references to agricultural policy.

Zooplankton community structure in relation to environmental factors and ecological assessment of water quality in the Harbin Section of the Songhua River

To study the relationship between zooplankton community structure and environmental factors and water quality in the Harbin Section of the Songhua River,investigations were carried out in June,August,and October 2011.Canonical correspondence analysis(CCA) and saprobic indices were used to process and analyze the data.Seasonal variability was identified as a significant source of variation,which explains the fluctuation in zooplankton density.In autumn,the dry season,water residence time increased and zooplankton biomass and abundance accumulated in the slow flowing waters.Zooplankton abundance increased when food conditions improved.Therefore,the total zooplankton abundance in autumn is much higher than that in spring and summer.According to the saprobic indices,all the sample sites had mesosaprobic water and water quality was worse in autumn.CCA revealed that temperature accounted for most of the spatial variation in the zooplankton community.Moreover,pH,dissolved oxygen saturation,and turbidity were important factors affecting zooplankton community distribution.