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A discussion on compensation of forest ecological engineering benefit 被引量:2
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作者 周金星 彭镇华 +3 位作者 费世民 李冬雪 孙启祥 漆良华 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2007年第2期157-164,共8页
On the basis of analysis of the present situation of the ecological benefit compensation in China and foreign countries, this paper discusses the necessity, principle and approach of establishing the compensation mech... On the basis of analysis of the present situation of the ecological benefit compensation in China and foreign countries, this paper discusses the necessity, principle and approach of establishing the compensation mechanism of forest ecological benefit, as well as compensation standard in order to provide scientific basis for further perfecting the compensation mechanism of forest ecological engineering benefit in China. It is suggested that setting up the compensation mechanism of forest ecological benefit can not only provide the steady funds source of managing and protecting forest resources, but resolve radically the dynamic and mechanism problems of commonweal forest ecological engineering construction, which will produce a widespread and profound influence on China forestry and ecological construction. 展开更多
关键词 Ecological benefit Ecological compensation Compensation mechanism
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Standards of Ecological Compensation for Traditional Ecoagriculture:Taking Rice-Fish System in Hani Terrace as an Example 被引量:33
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作者 LIU Mou-cheng XIONG Yin +3 位作者 YUAN Zheng MIN Qing-wen SUN Ye-hong Anthony M.Fuller 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2014年第4期1049-1059,共11页
Traditional eco-agriculture provides many ecosystem services which are important for the local environment, especially in mountain areas. In order to encourage the farmers to engage in coo-agriculture, it is necessary... Traditional eco-agriculture provides many ecosystem services which are important for the local environment, especially in mountain areas. In order to encourage the farmers to engage in coo-agriculture, it is necessary to establish an eco-compensation mechanism for them. As the compensation standard is one of key issues in establishing eeo-compensation mechanism, this paper calculated the standard based on the farmers' willingness to accept (WTA) and the input-output analysis of eco-compensation. We took the traditional rice-fish eco-agriculture as the research object, conducting field surveys in Hani Terrace of Honghe County. Through the questionnaires in 2o11, we obtained the farmers' willingness to accept government compensation and market compensation. Then, the research evaluated the output of eco-compensation, the economic value of rice-fish paddy ecosystem services. Finally, under different market compensation standards, we compared the input and output of government compensation. The results show that, in 2011 the government should to pay farmers 7462 yuan.ha^-1·a^-1 to meet their willingness, but the output (ecological benefit) was only 7393 yuan.ha^-1·a^-1. However, whenthe rice price increases 1 yuan·kg-1 because of the limited use of chemicals in the next year, the government just has to pay farmers 4062 yuan.ha^-1·a^-1 and the surplus will be 3331 yuan.ha^-1·a^-1. 展开更多
关键词 Eco-compensation Eco-agriculture Ecosystem services Cultivation system Hani Terrace.
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A New Carbon and Oxygen Balance Model Based on Ecological Service of Urban Vegetation 被引量:7
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作者 YIN Kai ZHAO Qianjun +3 位作者 LI Xuanqi CUI Shenghui HUA Lizhong LIN Tao 《Chinese Geographical Science》 SCIE CSCD 2010年第2期144-151,共8页
The application of human induced oxygen consumption and carbon emission theory in urban region was summed up and on this base a new model of urban carbon and oxygen balance (UCOB) was constructed by calculating the ca... The application of human induced oxygen consumption and carbon emission theory in urban region was summed up and on this base a new model of urban carbon and oxygen balance (UCOB) was constructed by calculating the carbon and oxygen fluxes. The purpose was to highlight the role of vegetation in urban ecosystems and evaluate the effects of various human activities on urban annual oxygen consumption and carbon emission. Hopefully,the model would be helpful in theory to keep the regional balance of carbon and oxygen,and provide guidance and support for urban vegetation planning in the future. To test the UCOB model,the Jimei District of Xiamen City,Fujian Province,China,a very typical urban region,was selected as a case study. The results turn out that Jimei′s vegetation service in oxygen emission and carbon sequestration could not meet the demand of the urban population,and more than 31.49 times of vegetation area should be added to meet the whole oxygen consumption in Jimei while 9.60 times of vegetation area are needed to meet the carbon sequestration targets. The results show that the new UCOB model is of a great potential to be applied to quantitative planning of urban vegetation and regional eco-compensation mechanisms. 展开更多
关键词 ecological service carbon cycle oxygen cycle urban carbon and oxygen balance urban vegetation planning
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Study on Development Process and Mechanism of Ecological Compensation in Beijing and Hebei Province 被引量:1
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作者 Fu Chengwei Shi Zulin 《Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment》 2012年第4期69-76,共8页
The problem of water resources has become a bottleneck for the sustainable development of Beijing and Hebei Province (the two regions together are called "Jingji Region" for short).It is imperative to establ... The problem of water resources has become a bottleneck for the sustainable development of Beijing and Hebei Province (the two regions together are called "Jingji Region" for short).It is imperative to establish an effective and equitable water resources ecological compensation (eco-compensation) mechanism.The three stages of water resources eco-compensation are expatiated here namely the eco-compensation missing stage,ecocompensation start stage and the eco-compensation development stage.Through the establishment of eco-compensation game model based on the game theory,the reasons of the formation for the three stages were analyzed,as well as the conversion conditions from non-cooperative game to cooperative game among the related stakeholders including the central government,the water recipient government and the water source government.Furthermore,this study pointed out that the water resources eco-compensation in Jingji Region was not established based on the institution,but formed and developed in coping with the challenges of water crisis.However,institution construction is quite essential in game process for the water recipient government and the water source government.Finally recommendations in four areas including legalization of eco-compensation mechanism,setting up compensation standards,leading industrial upgrading and developing related incentives and constraints were concluded. 展开更多
关键词 water resources ecological compensation (eco-com- pensation) game analysis
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Ocean ecological compensation mechanism in Liaoning area from the angle of ecological civilization——based on analysis of Dalian's cooperative governance
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作者 CAI Jing WANG Pengda +1 位作者 LI Jin YU Yue 《Marine Science Bulletin》 CAS 2017年第2期88-96,共9页
How to speed up the establishment of marine ecological compensation and the ecological compensation system is inevitable choice from ocean country to marine power.Therefore,construction of marine ecological compensati... How to speed up the establishment of marine ecological compensation and the ecological compensation system is inevitable choice from ocean country to marine power.Therefore,construction of marine ecological compensation mechanism is the effective means which incentives marine ecosystem services supply,improves the quality of marine ecology,and promotes the ocean to the green transformation.Combined with Dalian maritime case study in Liaoning Province,three dimensional interactive marine ecological compensation mechanism,the compensation frame work,path and operation mechanism were built up.Suggestions on accelerating the legislation process;perfecting the management system;establishing proper system for both incentive constraint and reward-punishment;increasing the source of Ocean Ecological Compensation funds;accelerating On the study of the Ocean Ecological Compensation Mechanism in Liaoning Area from the Angl-e of Ecological Civilization Based on Case Analysis of Dalian. 展开更多
关键词 marine environment ecological civilization compensation mechanism cooperative governance ecological compensation
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A study of benef its compensation mechanism for agricultural water rights trading under the restriction of ecological reconstruction:a case study of Shiyang River basin
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作者 Zhao Xuetao Shi Minjun Tao Weichun 《Ecological Economy》 2008年第4期454-461,共8页
Agricultural water allocation system based on priority rights has caused regional conflicts and downstream ecological degradation. It is the urgent need to introduce the concept of the initial water rights and establi... Agricultural water allocation system based on priority rights has caused regional conflicts and downstream ecological degradation. It is the urgent need to introduce the concept of the initial water rights and establish benefits compensation mechanism to resolve such problems. This paper takes the Shiyang River basin as an example to calculate the opportunity cost of 0.97×10^8 m^3 of agricultural water encroached by the middle reach based on initial water right allocation system under which water is allocated in accordance with the ratio between agricultural population of two different regions concerning the downstream ecological reconstruction needs with Bio-economic model (BEM). The results suggest that the total economic loss of Minqin County for ecological reconstruction amounts to 2.5 7×10^8 yuan, of which 1.68×10^8 yuan is ecological compensation, representing the economic loss Minqin suffered for ecological reconstruction which shouM burden beneficial groups of ecological reconstruction and 0.89 ×10^8 yuan is the economic loss Minqin suffered due to Liangzhou's encroachment behavior which should be compensated by Liangzhou. 展开更多
关键词 Ecological reconstruction Water right trading Benefit compensation Shiyang River basin
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城乡一体化:语境的解读与推进的着力点 被引量:1
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作者 牛勤 《达州新论》 2008年第3期34-36,共3页
城乡一体化,是我们党根据我国经济和社会发展的阶段性特征提出来的,是解决"三农"问题思路上的重大调整,是处理城乡关系上的重大创新。因此,我们要深入解读城乡一体化的内在要求,把握当前及未来一定时期推进的着力点。
关键词 城乡一体化 城乡关系 人口城镇化 城乡产业 欠发达地区 环境污染整治 污染治理 区域发展 生态补偿机
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Current Status and Future Trends for Eco-compensation in China 被引量:8
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作者 谢高地 曹淑艳 +2 位作者 鲁春霞 张昌顺 肖玉 《Journal of Resources and Ecology》 CSCD 2015年第6期355-362,共8页
Eco-compensation, known as payment for ecosystem services, is defined in China as an institutional arrangement for regulating the relationship of economic interests among ecological protectors, beneficiaries and destr... Eco-compensation, known as payment for ecosystem services, is defined in China as an institutional arrangement for regulating the relationship of economic interests among ecological protectors, beneficiaries and destructors in order to protect ecological service function and foster harmony between people and nature with non-market and market tools including transfer payment, taxes and fees. Reasonable compensation to ecological service providers significantly contributes to the protection of ecological assets and effective supply of ecological services by adopting transfer payments or market transactions on the basis of comprehensively considering the costs of ecological protection, costs of development opportunity and ecological service values. It is helpful for implementing a strategy for main functional areas. The building of eco-compensation mechanisms is therefore highly valued as the most important institutional guarantee for promoting the ecological civilization. Existing ecocompensation mechanisms mainly fall into three categories: exchequer based transfer payment, vertical and horizontal, and market based compensation in China. The institutional framework has been primarily established, inclusive of a forest ecological benefit compensation fund system, grassland eco-compensation system and transfer payment system of national key ecological function areas. Under the framework, various areas and departments have actively explored the building of an eco-compensation system and achieved important progress for forests, grassland, wetlands, river basins and water resources, exploitation of mineral resources, oceans and national key ecological functions areas. However, the eco-compensation system dominated by vertical transfer payments is still far from perfect in China. The interest regulation pattern of "developer to protect and beneficiary to compensate"has not been formed. Its role in the protection of the ecological environment has not been brought into full play. China should improve eco-compensation systems by intensifying eco-compensation inputs, strengthening government responsibility, diversifying eco-compensation tools, and establishing institutional systems. 展开更多
关键词 eco-compensation eco-compensation system payment for ecosystem service
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Adjustment of Payments for Ecological Benefits in Traditional Agricultural Areas: Case Study on SADO Island, Japan 被引量:2
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作者 王岱 蔺雪芹 +1 位作者 余建辉 司月芳 《Journal of Resources and Ecology》 CSCD 2012年第1期1-7,共7页
To date, theories of eco-compensation and biological restoration have been popular, and some models in developed countries are treated as good examples. Here, we not only focus on Japan, but also pay more attention to... To date, theories of eco-compensation and biological restoration have been popular, and some models in developed countries are treated as good examples. Here, we not only focus on Japan, but also pay more attention to challenges during this process. Based on a long-term field study on Sado Island, a less developed region in Japan, we attempt to describe how the government carries out environmental remediation towards the reintroduction of ibis (Species name) into the wild, and the conflict between ibis habitat restoration and farm management. We discuss the underlying reasons for this conflict and the negative effect on regional development. We follow policy improvements of the local government and related supplementary help carried out to fix the mismatch between the payment for ecological benefits and that lost by farmers in the pre-period. We conclude that the coordination of interest among different social groups is the key for success in ecological restoration and compensatory measures have to be made to meet the actual needs of the local groups. This case study in Japan can be applied to similar regions with poor environments and urgent environment restoration needs in China. 展开更多
关键词 biological restoration conflict between humans and nature payment for ecological benefit (PEB) reintroduction of ibis JAPAN
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严格防治水污染
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《福建纸业信息》 2015年第6期5-,共1页
人民政协报2015-03-13报道:目前,我国水资源承载的生产生活之重负在世界范围内相当罕见。一方面水量趋紧,人均淡水资源只有2100立方米,仅为世界人均水平的28%左右。另一方面水质趋差,全国7大流域近1/3断面水质不达标,在全国4778个地下... 人民政协报2015-03-13报道:目前,我国水资源承载的生产生活之重负在世界范围内相当罕见。一方面水量趋紧,人均淡水资源只有2100立方米,仅为世界人均水平的28%左右。另一方面水质趋差,全国7大流域近1/3断面水质不达标,在全国4778个地下水监测点中,较差和极差比例接近60%,水污染事件年均发生1700起以上。 展开更多
关键词 水污染事件 人均淡水资源 世界人均水平 人民政协报 地下水监测 水型 市场 江河源头 生态补偿机
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清洁生产工作在我市积极推进
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作者 施建新 《宁波节能》 2006年第3期30-33,29,共5页
关键词 清洁生产工作 循环经济 审核验收 宁波经济 产品使用过程 清洁生产技术 环境治理 北仑区 生态补偿机
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增殖放流节日有望设立 明年中央财政将加大对增殖放流的支持力度
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《天津水产》 2008年第Z1期4-4,共1页
关键词 增殖放流 中央财政 资源增殖 水生生物资源 副部长牛盾 水域生态环境 中国渔业 苗种选择 生态补偿机
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Transverse Eco-compensation Standards for Water Conservation:A Case Study of the Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Diversion in China 被引量:12
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作者 YANG Lun LIU Moucheng +1 位作者 MIN Qingwen LUN Fei 《Journal of Resources and Ecology》 CSCD 2018年第4期395-406,共12页
In China,the distribution of water resources is incompatible with the development of productivity.The construction of South-to-North Water Diversion Project has achieved inter-basin water diversion,and the project can... In China,the distribution of water resources is incompatible with the development of productivity.The construction of South-to-North Water Diversion Project has achieved inter-basin water diversion,and the project can alleviate the uneven distribution of water resources phenomenon effectively.However,in recent years,the aggregate effects of water pollution and water resource shortages have been serious.Establishing transverse eco-compensation mechanisms becomes the key method to achieve sustainable use of water resources.Based on statistical and questionnaire data,this paper uses the Opportunity Costs Method and Willingness to Pay approach to establish a transverse eco-compensation standard calculation model for the Middle Route Project of the Southto-North Water Diversion.The results show that the upper and lower limits of the transverse eco-compensation standard for the Middle Route Project is $2.52 billion and $2.20 billion every year,respectively.However,the paying and receiving standards varied widely among different compensation payers and compensation receivers.Meanwhile,the significant factors influencing the paying willingness of the receiver area citizens were age,education level,average revenue per month,knowledge about the South-to-North Water Diversion Project and recognition of the importance of eco-environmental integrity.This study began with a theoretical analysis,then analysed related problems related to calculating transverse eco-compensation standards for the Middle Route Project of the South-to-North Water Diversion by an empirical study.This empirical study helps to establish effective transverse eco-compensation mechanisma and promotea the development of effective policies and legislation. 展开更多
关键词 transverse eco-compensation standards opportunity cost method willingness to pay Middle RouteProject of South-to-North Water Diversion
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Establishing an Agro-ecological Compensation Mechanism to Promote Agricultural Green Development in China 被引量:11
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作者 JU Xuehai XUE Yinghao +3 位作者 Xl Bin JIN Tuo XU Zhiyu GAO Shangbin 《Journal of Resources and Ecology》 CSCD 2018年第4期426-433,共8页
In recent years, grain production has been rising steadily, and the income of farmers has been in- creasing dramatically, thanks in part to the central government's policy support for agriculture, rural areas and far... In recent years, grain production has been rising steadily, and the income of farmers has been in- creasing dramatically, thanks in part to the central government's policy support for agriculture, rural areas and farmers. However, the conventional production mode leads to overconsumption of agricultural resources, increas- ingly challenging ecological environment impacts, and higher costs of agricultural products whose quality falls short of public expectations. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council both put ex- tra emphasis on agricultural supply-side reform, restructuring of the sector, and a shift in the production mode. This paper explains the significance of the agro-ecological compensation mechanism, analyzes the efficacy of China's current agricultural subsidy policies, introduces related experience from developed countries, elaborates options to establish the mechanism, and proposes policy recommendations to accelerate its development. This analysis con- cludes that one of the most important approaches to agricultural green development is to shift the existing subsidy policy from one which aims to ensure the yield by purchasing at a protective price, to a green subsidy which focuses on agro-ecological compensation. 展开更多
关键词 agriculture green development agricultural non-point pollution agro-ecological compensationmechanism: China
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Comparison on Eco-compensation between the Domestic and International Studies 被引量:3
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作者 LIU Guihuan MAYa +2 位作者 WEN Yihui ZHU Yuanyuan XIE Jing 《Journal of Resources and Ecology》 CSCD 2018年第4期382-394,共13页
Because it offers an effective means to alleviate current ecological problems and a way to coordinate sustainable economic and social development with protection of the environment,eco-compensation has become a subjec... Because it offers an effective means to alleviate current ecological problems and a way to coordinate sustainable economic and social development with protection of the environment,eco-compensation has become a subject of interest to scholars and governments all over the world.A great many studies have been carried out and eco-compensation schemes have been put into practice;there have been many fruitful results.Based on a review of related research and practices,this paper attempts first to discuss domestic and international eco-compensation research and practices in terms of the meaning of eco-compensation and its components(stakeholders,compensation criteria,compensation modes,compensation approaches,compensation funds,and compensation effects).Next,taking into consideration the above discussion,the paper looks at the differences between Chinese and international eco-compensation measures.Finally,existing problems with eco-compensation research and practices in China are summarized and some suggestions are put forward. 展开更多
关键词 eco-compensation mechanism compensation connotation compensation factors compensation cases
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Study of Ecological Compensation for Paddy Fields: Oriented towards Eco-environmental Restoration 被引量:1
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作者 XIONG Ying LIU Moucheng +1 位作者 PANG Shiming SUN Yehong 《Journal of Resources and Ecology》 CSCD 2017年第6期613-619,共7页
Agricultural land provides not only food and fiber(an important element of food security), but also serves as a non-market commodity with characteristic externalities and public services. However, there are also man... Agricultural land provides not only food and fiber(an important element of food security), but also serves as a non-market commodity with characteristic externalities and public services. However, there are also many negative impacts on environment of the paddy production. Thus, Payments for paddy ecosystem services encourage farmers to engage in ecological or organic agricultural practices and agro-ecological/environmental supply. However, compared with forest, wetland, and pasture, the eco-function and ecosystem services of paddy fields have gotten insufficient attention. It is necessary to establish an eco-compensation mechanism for paddy fields that boosts behavior that protects farms to benefit the ecosystem. Based on a review of eco-compensation for paddy fields, this paper proposes the policy game framework of eco-compensation for paddy fields, which is oriented to ecological restoration. Secondly, this paper introduces methods for determination of compensation standards, including the cost the farmers' willingness to accept, and the ecological benefits of adopting environmental friendly farming practices. And finally, this paper puts forward policy recommendations for eco-compensation for paddy ecosystems. 展开更多
关键词 paddy fields ecological compensation eco-environmental restoration compensation mechnism
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