湖南长株潭地区土壤修复试点工作已经开展,但并未关注重金属镉对生态系统的威胁,尤其是继续进行作物种植的中度污染区。文章选取长株潭地区三个县的中度污染区为研究区域,结合文献调研,利用美国ECO-TOX数据库获取了共计28个本地物种两...湖南长株潭地区土壤修复试点工作已经开展,但并未关注重金属镉对生态系统的威胁,尤其是继续进行作物种植的中度污染区。文章选取长株潭地区三个县的中度污染区为研究区域,结合文献调研,利用美国ECO-TOX数据库获取了共计28个本地物种两个层次的毒性数据,利用物种敏感度分布(Species sensitivity distribution,SSD)模型和联合概率曲线(Joint probability curve,JPC)方法开展中度污染区的概率生态风险评价研究。结果表明,在LC/EC/IC水平50下,A县、B县、C县的概率生态风险值依次为1.65%、3.40%、5.80%;在NOEC/LOEC水平下,A县、B县、C县的概率生态风险值依次为7.46%、12.97%、19.50%。该结果说明,长株潭地区中度污染区土壤中重金属镉对生态系统具有一定的风险作用,同时该结果为生态系统保护目标制定提供科学依据。展开更多
At present, the methods widely applied to assess ecological risk of heavy metals are essentially single-point estimates in which exposure and toxicity data cannot be fully used and probabilities of adverse biological ...At present, the methods widely applied to assess ecological risk of heavy metals are essentially single-point estimates in which exposure and toxicity data cannot be fully used and probabilities of adverse biological effects cannot be achieved. In this study, based on investigation of concentrations of six heavy metals(As, Hg, Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn) in the surface seawater and sediment near the outlet of a zinc factory, located in Huludao City, Liaoning Province, China, a tiered approach consisting of several probabilistic options was used to refi ne ecological risk assessment for the individuals. A mixture of various heavy metals was detected in the surface seawater, and potential ecological risk index(PERI) was adopted to assess the potential ecological risk of heavy metals in the surface sediment. The results from all levels of aquatic ecological risk assessment in the tiered framework, ranging from comparison of single effects and exposure values to the use of distribution-based Hazard Quotient obtained through Monte Carlo simulation, are consistent with each other. Briefl y, aquatic Zn and Cu posed a clear ecological risk, while Cd, Pb, Hg, and As in the water column posed potential risk. As expected, combined ecological risk of heavy metal mixture in the surface seawater was proved signifi cantly higher than the risk caused by any individual heavy metal, calculated using the concept of total equivalent concentration. According to PERI, the severity of pollution by the six heavy metals in the surface sediment decreased in the following sequence: Cd>Hg>As>Pb>Cu>Zn, and the total heavy metals in the sediment posed a very high risk to the marine environment. This study provides a useful mathematical framework for ecological risk assessment of heavy metals.展开更多
文摘湖南长株潭地区土壤修复试点工作已经开展,但并未关注重金属镉对生态系统的威胁,尤其是继续进行作物种植的中度污染区。文章选取长株潭地区三个县的中度污染区为研究区域,结合文献调研,利用美国ECO-TOX数据库获取了共计28个本地物种两个层次的毒性数据,利用物种敏感度分布(Species sensitivity distribution,SSD)模型和联合概率曲线(Joint probability curve,JPC)方法开展中度污染区的概率生态风险评价研究。结果表明,在LC/EC/IC水平50下,A县、B县、C县的概率生态风险值依次为1.65%、3.40%、5.80%;在NOEC/LOEC水平下,A县、B县、C县的概率生态风险值依次为7.46%、12.97%、19.50%。该结果说明,长株潭地区中度污染区土壤中重金属镉对生态系统具有一定的风险作用,同时该结果为生态系统保护目标制定提供科学依据。
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Project of North China Sea Branch of State Oceanic Administration(No.2014B02)
文摘At present, the methods widely applied to assess ecological risk of heavy metals are essentially single-point estimates in which exposure and toxicity data cannot be fully used and probabilities of adverse biological effects cannot be achieved. In this study, based on investigation of concentrations of six heavy metals(As, Hg, Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn) in the surface seawater and sediment near the outlet of a zinc factory, located in Huludao City, Liaoning Province, China, a tiered approach consisting of several probabilistic options was used to refi ne ecological risk assessment for the individuals. A mixture of various heavy metals was detected in the surface seawater, and potential ecological risk index(PERI) was adopted to assess the potential ecological risk of heavy metals in the surface sediment. The results from all levels of aquatic ecological risk assessment in the tiered framework, ranging from comparison of single effects and exposure values to the use of distribution-based Hazard Quotient obtained through Monte Carlo simulation, are consistent with each other. Briefl y, aquatic Zn and Cu posed a clear ecological risk, while Cd, Pb, Hg, and As in the water column posed potential risk. As expected, combined ecological risk of heavy metal mixture in the surface seawater was proved signifi cantly higher than the risk caused by any individual heavy metal, calculated using the concept of total equivalent concentration. According to PERI, the severity of pollution by the six heavy metals in the surface sediment decreased in the following sequence: Cd>Hg>As>Pb>Cu>Zn, and the total heavy metals in the sediment posed a very high risk to the marine environment. This study provides a useful mathematical framework for ecological risk assessment of heavy metals.
