中国古典园林生成期与欧洲园林渊源期比较

以生成期的中国古典园林和欧洲园林为研究对象,着重社会政治经济背景、宗教文化和哲学背景、园林分类与艺术风格以及继承发展等方面进行比较研究,以更深入地了解中西方园林的特征。

网络舆论生成期的特征与应对

网络舆论一般会经过萌芽、生成、发展和式微四个阶段,每个阶段呈现出各自不同的特征与规律。网络舆论生成期比较复杂,一是舆论伴随着事件不断发酵;二是事件本身的发展变动有可能对舆论发展产生持续地影响。通过分析网络舆论生成期的问题,指出该阶段舆论引导的相关路径。

中国现代诗剧生成期的审美观照

20世纪"五四"和20年代是中国现代诗剧的产生、形成期,这一时期的作品呈现出多种风格相互杂糅的特点。从诗剧的审美机制看,该时期的大部分作品诗性有余而戏剧性不足,仅留下了诸如《琳丽》《记忆之都》等较成熟的作品,作为现代诗剧形成和确立的标志。然而,生成期诗剧在中国话剧史上首次纳入诗与剧相结合的文体,对于沟通诗歌和戏剧创作领域具有重要的历史意义和开拓性价值。

白云岩体表生成岩裸露期古风化壳岩溶的规模

白云岩体表生成岩裸露期古风化壳岩溶对白云岩体古岩溶储渗体的形成至关重要。表生成岩裸露期古风化壳岩溶可形成地表残积层和表层之下大小不等的溶蚀空间。地表残积层与上覆盖层间可成为油气的储渗空间和通道,表层之下大小不等的溶蚀空间则可被塌积岩、冲积岩、填积岩和淀积岩充填,但其内常可保存部分孔隙,并为后来的埋藏溶解提供流体扩溶的初始空间和流体流动的通道。野外露头和井下岩心中的大量现象和事实说明,白云岩体表生成岩裸露期古风化壳的规模远小于石灰岩体。最主要原因是白云岩(石)可溶性远较石灰岩(方解石)小,同样组构的白云岩的物理力学强度亦较石灰岩小。白云岩体本身的岩性和组构、层理类型、泥质含量、构造裂隙的发育程度等都会影响裸露期古风化壳的规模。

黑潮第六次大弯曲

作者根据1986～1988年“向阳红○九”号黑潮调查及日本的海洋资料,对上述三年的黑潮变异作了探讨。指出1986～1988年期间,黑潮又发生一次大弯曲现象,并对这次大弯曲的生成、强盛、衰消过程做了分析。较详细论述这次大弯曲的全过程,本文可能尚属首次,文中还对判别大弯曲的标准,提出了四条原则。

中国古代小说概念及类型辨析

通过对小说历史资料的梳理,指出中国古代有三种既自成体系又相互融合的小说概念:学术史范畴的诸子学说;"话"基础上形成的通俗小说概念;传奇与通俗小说交叉形成的传奇体小说概念。与此相应,存在三种小说类型:诸子杂传小说;通俗小说;传奇体小说。综合三种概念的内涵、外延和各自的产生期,认为中国古代小说的文体形式产生于唐代,自觉的小说创作开始于元末明初,文学理论意义上的小说概念定型于明代后期。

C语言中有关内存概念的教学研究

为使学生能快速掌握C语言的相关概念,为今后进行程序设计打下良好的基础,针对在教学过程中学生难以理解的几个问题,结合实例探讨了C语言中有关内存概念的教学方法,着重分析了内存与数组、函数参数、变量的作用域和生成期之间的关系。

RISC编译器的优化改进算法

对传统RISC编译器普遍采用的图着色技术进行了改进,推出了一套用变量的"生存期时间链"进行分析的算法,使编译过程的时间复杂度降低了近n倍。方案在小(微)型机的体系结构改进上具有较大的价值。

Dry Matter Accumulation,Moisture Content in Maize Kernel and Their Influences on Mechanical Harvesting

[Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the dry matter accumulation,moisture content in maize kernel and their influences on mechanical harvesting.[Methods] Using Zhengdan 958,Xianyu 335,Hongda 8 and Liyu 16 as experimental materials,we preliminarily measured the dynamic changes of dry matter accumulation and moisture content with the days after pollination lasted,and investigated the effect of moisture content in kernels on mechanical harvesting of Zhengdan 958 and Liyu 16.[Results] During summer growing season,Zhengdan 958 and Liyu 16 became physiologically mature and suitable for harvesting at about 51 days after pollination,Xianyu 335 and Hongda 8 required 58 days to become physiologically mature and suitable for harvesting after pollination.At physiologically mature stage,the moisture contents in kernels of Zhengdan 958,Xianyu 335,Hongda 8 and Liyu 16 were respectively 33.74%,28.86%,32.05% and 35.24%,respectively.Adopting mechanical harvesting at physiologically mature stage,the kernel loss rate of Zhengdan 958 and Liyu 16 was consistent with the range of mechanical operation index（kernel loss rate of 0.84%≤2%）,while the percentage of broken kernels did not accord with the range of mechanical operation index（kernel crashing rate of 10.12%≧1%）.The results indicate that Zhengdan 958 and Liyu 16 are not suitable for mechanical harvesting using full feeding combine havester.[Conclusion] This study provided theoretical basis for improving the maize harvest index under delayed harvesting.

Physio-Biochemical Changes in Jujube Fruits(Zizyphus jujuba Mill. cv. Lingwuchangzao) at Mature Stage

The changes of physiological and biochemical indices in jujube fruits during the late development were investigated from 6-year-old jujube trees （Zizyphus jujuba Mill. cv. Lingwuchangzao）. The results showed that the flesh firmness decreased slowly from white-green stage to full-red stage, being significantly related with the developmental maturity of jujube fruits negatively, the correlation coefficient reached -0.980 3^＊＊. The contents of ascorbic acid and titratable acid in jujube fruits were significantly related with the developmental process of jujube fruits negatively or positively, the correlation coef- ficients were -0. 973 1^＊＊and ＋ 0. 974 6^ ＊ ＊ , respectively. The contents of soluble solids, total sugar, and sucrose increased with jujube ripening, while the relative sweetness of jujube fruits showed the same variation pattern, the correlation coefficients were 0. 996 6 ^＊ ＊ , 0. 988 0^＊＊ , and 0. 982 8 ^＊ ＊ , respectively. Before white-green stage during fruit development, the accumulation of monosaccharide was predominant in jujube fruits, following a fast accumulation of sucrose, indicating that the main component of sugars is sucrose at the crisp-ripe stage. Furthermore, the starch content of the flesh reached the peak at about thirty percentage of jujube maturity, being 51,54 mg/100 g.FW. The respiratory rates varied between 10 mg/（ kg.h） and CO2 26 mg/（ kg.h） after fruit turning red and before softening, indicating a non-climacteric respiratory type.

手术丝线段栓塞脾动脉治疗婴幼儿地中海贫血

目的:寻找简单易行,不良反应较轻的临床治疗婴幼儿地中海贫血方法。方法:以7号手术丝线段作栓塞物,以庆大霉素与生理盐水混合液作灌注液。结果:所有用丝线段栓塞的患儿术后发热,上腹疼痛,恶心、呕吐等临床反应均较轻,未发现一例脾脓肿,一过性高血压及急性胰腺炎等并发症。结论:该方法简单易行,不良反应小。

桃园钼矿床酸性脉岩特征及矿化关系研究

桃园钼矿床位于金堆城—黄龙铺矿田的中部,已开采近十年。本文对桃园钼矿床酸性脉岩的类型和对各类型脉岩特征进行论述,并就脉岩的生成期次和矿化关系进行分析,结果可知:铁锰质长英脉和黄铁矿长英脉是研究区最主要的含矿脉岩,酸性脉岩特别是铁锰质长英脉、黄铁矿长英脉及由次级断裂构造所形成的破劈理带内的脉岩密集带,是寻找富矿最好的标志。

Relationship between Living Rate of Bud and Emergence Rate of Ratoon Rice and Characteristics of the First Cropping Mid-season Hybrid Rice

[Objective] The aim was to study the relationship of plant characters with bud living rate and mother stem emergence rate of ratoon rice before harvest. [Method] Eighteen mid-season hybrid rice cultivators approved recently were taken as materials and relationship of plant characters including bud living rate and moth- er stem emergence rate of ratoon rice before harvest was explored, based on relat- ed data. [Result] The shorter rice with lower harvesting index is the main character of high emergence rate for first cropping rice; decline of plant height and increase of ear-bearing percentage would improve emergence of regenerative seedlings. [Conclusion] The research provided scientific reference for breeding of rice cultivars with high regenerative capacity.

Seasonal Variation of Biochemical Components in Clam (Saxidomuspurpuratus Sowerby 1852) in Relation to Its Reproductive Cycle and the Environmental Condition of Sanggou Bay, China

Seasonal variation of biochemical components in clam(Saxidomus purpuratus Sowerby 1852) was investigated from March 2012 to February 2013 in relation to environmental condition of Sanggou Bay and the reproductive cycle of clam.According to the histological analysis,the reproductive cycle of S.purpuratus includes two distinctive phases:a total spent and inactive stage from November to January,and a gametogenesis stage,including ripeness and spawning,during the rest of the year.Gametes were generated at a low temperature(2.1℃) in February.Spawning took place once a year from June to October.The massive spawning occurred in August when the highest water temperature and chlorophyll a level could be observed.The key biochemical components(glycogen,protein and lipid) in five tissues(gonad,foot,mantle,siphon and adductor muscle) were analyzed.The glycogen content was high before gametogenesis,and decreased significantly during the gonad development in the gonad,mantle and foot of both females and males,suggesting that glycogen was an important energy source for gonad development.The protein and lipid contents increased in the ovary during the gonad development,demonstrating that they are the major organic components of oocytes.The lipid and protein contents decreased in the testis,implying that they can provide energy and material for spermatogenesis.The results also showed that protein stored in the mantle and foot could support the reproduction after the glycogen was depleted.

再论贵州省大地构造特征(三)

贵州地区新元古代—早古生代的武陵、雪峰及加里东运动的裂陷离散、汇聚及碰撞造山的洋陆转换,呈现台地—斜坡—盆地沉积格局,岩浆活动较弱。通过研究认为:南华系—早古生代中期随着扬子陆块与华南古陆的汇聚,使黔北—黔东—黔南沉积建造在次级拉张裂陷构造形成了重要“内生外成”的成矿系统,造就了以锰、磷、重晶石、铅锌、汞、镍钼钒等为主的喷流沉积型大型—超大型矿床系列;早古生代末—晚古生代早期陆内造山作用形成大陆裂谷盆地,广泛的红土风化壳集中在黔中、黔东和黔北的泻湖海湾的弱酸—还原性沉积环境中,“移硅沉铁富铝”形成了大规模铝土矿。因此提出,新元古代—晚古生代中期是贵州省重要的外生成矿期,由此加强勘查工作和研究,以期达到新一轮找矿突破。

IFC implementation in lifecycle costing

Life Cycle Costing (LCC) is always a major concern in the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry. This paper presents the implementation of Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology in the development of a lifecycle cost-estimating tool. The IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) model as an interoperable building information model has been adopted as the central data repository to deliver the integrated information of building designs from CAD design systems into the lifecycle-costing database. In this paper, the conceptions and relevant factors, which could affect the LCC estimation, have been introduced. The problems of current LCC applications have been identified as the lack of LCC data and the complexity of LCC exercises. The software application of IFC models and relevant auxiliary are depicted as a solution of the problem identified. The lifecycle costing tool is a part of the nD Modeling tool and as such is based on its integrated interface prototype toolkit and is able to holistically present an IFC model into a 3D virtual reality view, a tree-view and a list of element properties. The functions and some technical points are also detailed in the paper. Through the research, it demonstrates the potential and possibility of implementing BIM methods and techniques, particularly IFCs to enhance the computer applications in the processes of building construction and facility management.

Metabolic rates and biochemical compositions of Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka) tissue during periods of inactivity

Estivation, hibernation, and starvation are indispensable inactive states of sea cucumbers Apostichopusjaponicus in nature and in culture ponds. Generally, temperature is the principal factor that induces estivation or hibernation in the sea cucumber. The present study provided insight into the physiological adaptations ofA. japonicus during the three types of inactivity （hibernation, estivation, and starvation） by measuring the oxygen consumption rates （Vo2） and biochemical compositions under laboratory conditions of low （3℃）, normal （17℃） and high （24℃） temperature. The results show that the characteristics of A. japonicus in dormancy （hibernation and estivation） states were quite different from higher animals, such as fishes, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals, but more closely resembled a semi-dormant state. It was observed that the shift in the A. japonicus physiological state from normal to dormancy was a chronic rather than acute process, indicated by the gradual depression of metabolic rate. While metabolic rates declined 44.9% for the estivation group and 71.7% for the hibernation group, relative to initial rates, during the 36 d culture period, metabolic rates were not maintained at constant levels during these states. The metabolic depression processes for sea cucumbers in hibernation and estivation appeared to be a passive and an active metabolic suppression, respectively. In contrast, the metabolic rates （128.904-11.70 μg/g h） of estivating sea cucumbers were notably higher （107.85±6.31 μg/gh） than in starving sea cucumbers at 17℃, which indicated that the dormancy mechanism here, as a physiological inhibition, was not as efficient as in higher animals. Finally, the principle metabolic substrate or energy source of sea cucumbers in hibernation was lipid, whereas in estivation they mainly consumed protein in the early times and both protein and lipid thereafter.

Research on goal-setting method of rock drivage based on the balance among period, cost and quality

On the basis of the analysis on the disadvantages of the original goal-setting about rock drivage, this paper defined the ＂life cycle quality＂. With project management theory and the Cobb-Douglas function, ＂quality-cost and quality-price curve model＂ and the ＂total cost-period prediction model＂ were built. Then the goal-setting method of the balance among quality, cost and period of rock drivage was constructed by finding ＂life cycle cost＂ through ＂life cycle quality＂ using ＂quality-cost and quality-price curve model＂ and ensuring period through ＂life cycle cost＂ using ＂total cost-period prediction model＂ （hereinafter referred to as the ＂three goals balance method＂）. ＂Value contribution＂ which is the value of the contribution to a mine because of rock drivage, was found in the process of constructing the ＂quality-cost and quality-price curve model＂. An industrial test was done in coal mine A with the research results, staff footage efficiency improved by 24.24%, the period shortened by 14.3%, the ＂life cycle cost＂ dropped by 2.09%, the ＂life cycle quality price＂ improved by 3.29%, and value contribution increased by 25.3%. The result shows that the new goal method setting on the basis of coal mine profit maximization can ensure construc- tion period. At the same time, it can realize cost and quality objectives and the optimization and balance of relationship among them; rewarding excavation teams by ＂value contribution＂ can combine organizational goal with personal goal, it significantly raise the employee＇s work efficiency.

Sequential fault diagnosis strategy with imperfect tests considering life cycle cost

The problem of sequential fault diagnosis is to construct a diagnosis tree that can isolate the failure sources with minimal test cost. Pervious sequential fault diagnosis strategy generating algorithms only consider the execution cost at application stage, which may result in a solution with poor quality from the view of life cycle cost. Furthermore, due to the fact that uncertain information exists extensively in the real-world systems, the tests are always imperfect. In order to reduce the cost of fault diagnosis in the realistic systems, the sequential fault diagnosis problem with imperfect tests considering life cycle cost is presented and formulated in this work, which is an intractable NP-hard AND/OR decision tree construction problem. An algorithm based on AND/OR graph search is proposed to solve this problem. Heuristic search based on information theory is applied to generate the sub-tree in the algorithm. Some practical issues such as the method to improve the computational efficiency and the diagnosis strategy with multi-outcome tests are discussed. The algorithm is tested and compared with previous algorithms on the simulated systems with different scales and uncertainty. Application on a wheel momentum system of a spacecraft is studied in detail. Both the simulation and application results suggest that the cost of the diagnosis strategy can be reduced significantly by using the proposed algorithm, especially when the placement cost of the tests constitutes a large part of the total cost.