课程游戏化背景下幼儿园生活化环境创设策略

幼儿园课程中的游戏教学是一种常见的教学方式。在幼儿园教学阶段,幼儿尚未形成学习意识,但对游戏充满兴趣。教师可以抓住幼儿的这一特点适时引入游戏化教学,结合幼儿的实际情况,开展教学活动,营造愉悦、轻松的学习氛围,提高幼儿的学习参与度与学习兴趣,从而实现其自身的全面发展。

课程游戏化背景下幼儿园生活化环境创设策略

在当前的我国幼儿教学教育中,游戏互动教学已经成为一种十分常见且被广泛应用的一种教学方式。对于这一阶段的孩子,其还没有形成较为完善的学习意识和学习态度。因此,教师有必要根据每个孩子的不同兴趣需求和不同兴趣特点来综合进行幼儿课堂教学的各种趣味性变化。于是,便出现了游戏教学这一教学模式。在这一过程中,教师有必要结合幼儿的实际生活来进行课程的开展,为幼儿创建出生活化的学习环境和学习氛围,使幼儿能够在一种相对较为轻松、自由的环境下进行知识的学习和掌握,以此不断提升幼儿的学习能力和学习意识。本文就课程游戏化背景下,生活化环境创设中出现的问题以及相关的解决策略进行分析,仅供参考。

课程游戏化背景下幼儿园生活化环境创设策略探究

随着新课改在学前教育阶段中的不断推进,在我国现阶段的幼儿教育中实行课程游戏化的教学,并由师生一起创造生活教学环境,以期最大程度地满足幼儿在园生活中的学习需要、生活需求与爱好兴趣。生活化教学环境给幼儿教学活动供给了更加多彩充足的教学资源。本文在课程游戏化的背景下,从如何合理、科学地创设生活化的教学环境分析相关策略,从而实现幼儿教育教学水平的提高,激发幼儿参加实践活动的积极性,让幼儿身心健康发展。

创设生活化环境 引发幼儿科学探究

作为教育场所的幼儿园，要把科学教育作为教学中的重点，根据幼儿的生理和心理特点，创设生活化的科学教育环境，激发幼儿探索欲望和主动求学的兴趣，引导幼儿热爱科学、理解科学，并学习在生活中运用科学方法创造性地解决问题，以促进其智力和个性的全面发展。

践行陶行知教育思想构建幼儿园生活化环境

幼儿园在开展教育工作时,通过创设生活化情境、优化园内自然环境、拓展幼儿活动场所、科学拓展学习内容、合理开发园本课程、有效应用课程资源构建生活化环境,促使幼儿教育更加生活化,高度符合陶行知教育思想,从而推进现代教育工作的有效开展,让幼儿在学习中获得更大的收获,保障整体教育效果,为现代教育水平的全面提升创造良好的条件。

生活化教育环境创设的实践探索

基于《3-6岁儿童学习与发展指南》理念,聚焦生活化教育环境的创设,教师明确主体地位,让幼儿积极参与环境创设;创设温馨环境,让幼儿感受到家的温暖;创设生活情境,满足幼儿的好奇与需要。

“生活化”,让一年级学生尽享学拼音的乐趣

在拼音教学中,善于借助儿童已有的口语经验和相关的生活经验,使之与所学的字母相通、匹配,使得这些拼音在学生眼中不再是枯燥无味的,只能靠死记硬背才能记住的东西,而是与现实生活有着密切联系的知识。这样就能化难为易,大大提高汉语拼音的学习效率。

浅谈生活教育理念在幼儿美术活动中的实践探究

陶行知生活教育理论的内涵极为丰富,对幼儿教育有直接指导意义。幼儿的教育离不开生活,幼儿的教育需要生活。在我的工作实践中,尝试将陶行知先生的理论与美术教学活动相结合。通过多元的教学活动,逐步实现幼儿美术教育的生活化,使美术教育的形式多元化,生活化,特色化,让美术教育真正美起来。接下来我结合在美术教育中的尝试探究,谈谈自己的想法。

新课标下如何构建高中英语高效课堂

英语是一门语言类学科,与生活息息相关。新课改的核心就是课堂教学,要提高英语课堂效率,教师应结合课程的时代性和基础性,从学生的生活实际出发。因此高中英语高效课堂要构建生活化情境,培养语感语境;还原生活化环境,促进轻松教学;设计生活化作业,促进自主学习。

Research on Dynamics Design for Active Sludge System

In order to describe the relationship between dynamic process and sludge removing load in active sludge system, a new method for designing the volume of aeration tanks was put forward based on the Michaelis and Menten equation. the influence of sludge returning was considered in the design. The result shows that the parameter of sludge reflux ratio plays a very important role in the design of active sludge system. In some given conditions,there exists an optimum reflux ratio which can make the volume of aeration tank be the minimum.

3D Photo-Fabrication for Tissue Engineering and Drug Delivery

The most promising strategies in tissue engineering involve the integration of a triad of biomaterials, living cells, and biologically active molecules to engineer synthetic environments that closely mimic the healing milieu present in human tissues, and that stimulate tissue repair and regeneration. To be clinically effective, these environments must replicate, as closely as possible, the main characteristics of the native extracellular matrix(ECM) on a cellular and subcellular scale. Photo-fabrication techniques have already been used to generate 3D environments with precise architectures and heterogeneous composition, through a multi-layer procedure involving the selective photocrosslinking reaction of a light-sensitive prepolymer. Cells and therapeutic molecules can be included in the initial hydrogel precursor solution, and processed into 3D constructs. Recently, photofabrication has also been explored to dynamically modulate hydrogel features in real time, providing enhanced control of cell fate and delivery of bioactive compounds. This paper focuses on the use of 3D photo-fabrication techniques to produce advanced constructs for tissue regeneration and drug delivery applications. State-of-the-art photo-fabrication techniques are described, with emphasis on the operating principles and biofabrication strategies to create spatially controlled patterns of cells and bioactive factors. Considering its fast processing, spatiotemporal control, high resolution, and accuracy, photo-fabrication is assuming a critical role in the design of sophisticated 3D constructs. This technology is capable of providing appropriate environments for tissue regeneration, and regulating the spatiotemporal delivery of therapeutics.

HISTORICAL DESERTIFICATION PROCESS IN HEXI CORRIDOR,CHINA

Over the last 2000 years, approximately 38 ancient cities were abandoned through desertification in Hexi Corridor, Northwest China. Among them, 21.05% were abandoned during the Northern and Southern Dynasties, 21.05% during the end of the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, and 57.9% during the Ming and Qing dynasties. At the same time, main lakes were shrinking rapidly from the 5th Century to the 6th Century and the end of the Qing Dynasty. The climate in these periods was relatively arid and cold with frequent dusts. The phase of these changes indicated that there were three periods of desertification enlargement in the northern China. They were Northern and Southern Dynasties, the end of Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties, the Ming and Qing dynasties. The macro-process of desertification in the study area was controlled mainly by the climatic changes. But from the facts that the population density in the middle of Qing Dynasty had exceeded the critical index of population pressure in arid area and the usage rate of water resources had exceeded 40% in Hexi Corridor, this paper also suggests that human activities have played an important role in desertification processes of the study area mainly during the recent 300 years.

Revisiting Sustainable Development of Dry Valleys in Hengduan Mountains Region

Dry valleys are a striking geographic landscape in Hengduan Mountains Region and are characterized by low rainfall, desert type of vegetation and fragile environment. Past efforts and resources have been concentrated mainly on rehabilitation of degraded ecosystem and fragile environment, particularly reforestation, while socio-economic development has been largely overlooked. Despite successes in pocket areas, the overall trend of unsustainability and environmental deterioration are continuing. It is important to understand that uplift of the Tibetan Plateau is the root cause of development of dry valleys, and development and formation of dry valleys is a natural process. Human intervention has played a secondary role in development of dry valleys and degradation of dry valleys though human intervention in many cases has speeded up environmental degradation of the dry valleys. It is important to understand that dry valleys are climatic enclaves and an integrated approach that combines rehabilitation of degraded ecosystems and socio-economic development should be adopted if the overall goal of sustainable development of dry valleys is to be achieved. Promotion of niche-based cash crops, rural energy including hydropower, solar energy, biogas and fuelwood plantation is recommended as the priority activities.

Manila clam Venerupis philippinarum as a biomonitor to metal pollution

The Manila clam Venerupis philippinarum is a good biomonitor/bioindicator to marine metal pollution and is frequently used in aquatic toxicology. Two dominant pedigrees (white and zebra) of clam are distributed in the Bohai Sea; however, little attention has been paid to potential biological differences between these two pedigrees. In this study, we tested the sensitivity of both pedigrees to marine metal (cadmium and zinc) pollution biomonitoring and marine environmental toxicology. Results demonstrate significant biological differences in gills of white and zebra clams based on metabolic profiles and antioxidant enzyme activities. In addition, we found that hypotaurine, malonate and homarine were relatively high in white clam gills, while alanine, arginine, glutamate, succinate, 4-aminobutyrate, taurine and betaine were high in zebra clam gills. Zebra clam gills were also more sensitive to a mixture of Cd and Zn, as shown by antioxidant enzyme activities and metabolic profiles, but white clam gills could accumulate more Zn. Therefore, we suggest that the white pedigree can be used as a biomonitor to marine Zn pollution, whereas the zebra pedigree can be used for toxicology studies on Cd and Zn mixed pollution.

Building a Community for the Senior Citizens Using the Idea of Vertical Farms

Global population growth and urbanization have posed increasing threats to the ecological environment. In an aging society, high-density living spaces have resulted in intensifying housing concerns for urban senior citizens. Among the rapid urban development, addressing the demands of senior citizens for suitable living environments and enabling senior city dwellers to engage in diversified social interactions are concerns that necessitate public attention. This study introduced the idea of the “vertical farm” to the living environments of senior citizens. By integrating vegetation appreciation and physical labor, vertical farming allows senior citizens to experience joy and a sense of accomplishment. In addition, these farms can change the monotonous and gloomy exteriors of concrete buildings. By conducting in-depth interviews with 12 senior citizens residing in the Happiness Community in Taipei City, by building vertical farms, senior citizens can experience joy and a sense of achievement at the psychological level and communicate with families, friends and neighbors in the community at a social level. At the environmental level, comprehensive ecological communities can be achieved. We explored how promoting vertical farms in a living environment can affect senior citizens at the psychological, social and environmental levels. The results can be used to build vertical farms that accommodate the needs of senior citizen living environments.

Gasification of Municipal Solid Waste for Power Generation in Brazil, a Review of Available Technologies and Their Environmental Benefits

This article reviews the literature on thermochemical processing of municipal solid waste as the final disposal in Brazil, explores recent publications in the field of solid waste generated, its origin, characteristics and removal mechanisms currently employed, in the same way, available technologies for the thermochemical treatment of MSW with an emphasis on gasification and clean technology are evaluated, highlighting the current technical and reported in the literature in order to identify indicators of efficiency and flexibility of the technology. From the review it is concluded that gasification is a technically feasible option for the thermochemical conversion of municipal solid waste and subsequent power generation, besides being a technology that meets the applicable emission limits. Some of the main advantages of gasification of municipal solid waste are： （a） the sharp reduction in the waste mass （about 70-80%） and volume （approximately 80-90%）; （b） the drastic reduction in land use, 1：3000; （c） destruction of organic pollutants and other halogenated hydrocarbons; （d） concentration and immobilisation of inorganic contaminants so that they can be used effectively and safely removed; （e） use recyclables, such as ferrous metals, ferrous ash and slag materials; （f） reducing emissions of greenhouse gases by anaerobic decomposition of organic waste and （g） power generation.

Analysis of Modem Art Design Context innovation and aesthetics

The design is a cultural activity. The design always influences all aspects of our daily lives, as large as the country＇s politics, economical reform and development, as small as the necessities of daily life. All the designs mentioned here consist of both sensual activities of art and the rational activities of science. ＂Design is also a culture＂. Design is a culture-based, which means to absorb nutrients from the culture. Whether in ancient or modem, East or West, design is always to have a certain culture. Design and culture interrelate with, influence and promote each other. We humans live in a designed cultural environment and atmosphere which is constantly being designed. The design has become a way for human survival and development. Works of our designers are no longer just a product, a brand, a package, a poster or a building, but design of a new lifestyle, a new culture, which are a reflection, expansion and continuation of the culture. The design itself is creating culture.

简论化学教学中新型学习环境的建构

教育环境的"信息化"、"生活化",要求教育建设与之相适应的新型学习环境。本文从化学教学层面上研讨了建构"应答性学习环境",以保障课程标准的实施。

Life in extreme environments: Approaches to study life-environment co-evolutionary strategies

The term ＂extreme environments＂ describes the conditions that deviate from what mesophilic cells can tolerate. These condi- tions are ＂extreme＂ in the eye of mankind, but they may be suitable or even essential living conditions for most microorgan- isms. Hypertherrnophilic microorganisms form a branch at the root of the phylogenetic tree, indicating that early life originated from extreme environments similar to that of modern deep-sea hydrothermal vents, which are characterized by high-tempera- ture and oxygen-limiting conditions. During the inevitable cooling and gradual oxidation process on Earth, microorganisms developed similar mechanisms of adaptation. By studying modem extremophiles, we may be able to decode the mysterious history of their genomic evolution and to reconstruct e~,rly life. Because life itself is a process of energy uptake to maintain a dissipative structure that is not in thermodynamic equilibrium, the energy metabolism of microorganisms determines the path- way of evolution, the structure of an ecosystem, and the physiology of cells. ＂Following energy＂ is an essential approach to understand the boundaries of life and to search for life beyond Earth.

Overcoming maladaptive plasticity through plastic compensation

Most species evolve within fluctuating environments, and have developed adaptations to meet the challenges posed by environmental heterogeneity. One such adaptation is phenotypic plasticity, or the ability of a single genotype to produce multiple environmentally-induced phenotypes. Yet, not all plasticity is adaptive. Despite the renewed interest in adaptive phenotypic plas- ticity and its consequences for evolution, much less is known about maladaptive plasticity. However, maladaptive plasticity is likely an important driver of phenotypic similarity among populations living in different environments. This paper traces four strategies for overcoming maladaptive plasticity that result in phenotypic similarity, two of which involve genetic changes （standing genetic variation, genetic compensation） and two of which do not （standing epigenetic variation, plastic compensation）. Plastic compensation is defined as adaptive plasticity overcoming maladaptive plasticity. In particular, plastic compensation may increase the likelihood of genetic compensation by facilitating population persistence. We provide key terms to disentangle these aspects of phenotypic plasticity and introduce examples to reinforce the potential importance of plastic compensation for under- standing evolutionary change