从社区服务“便民热线”现状看社区服务专业化的必要性

城市社区是在城市中一定地区内发生各种社会关系和社会活动,有特定的生活方式,并具有归属感的人群所组成的一个相对独立的社会实体。目前,许多发展中国家也把社区发展作为推动社会进步的重要手段和重要标志。实践证明,社区发展对推动各国经济和社会协调发展,提高居民的生活质量和城市的文明管理水平都有着广泛的现实意义。

基于“三生”和谐发展人居环境建设探研——以青海省贵德县为例

本文基于生态—生产—生活和谐发展的理论,以青海省贵德县为例,对青海省人居环境建设进行初步探研,提出贵德应从"生产型社会"向"生活型社会"转型,以"宜居、宜游、宜业"为人居环境发展战略,在保持"原生态"环境的基础上,以"绿生产"为产业调整的方向,以构建高原休闲养生的"新生活"方式为人居环境建设目标。

好好过日子:东亚式“生活福利”与中国社会福利发展

第二次世界大战以后,东亚各国通过“快速现代化”走上了经济高速增长之路,所伴生的“生活危机”影响人们“好好过日子”。为此,日本福利政策学界提出“生活福利”框架,其核心内容是“生活结构”,分为纵向的“生命过程”(生存、生计、生命健康)和横向的“生活结构”(劳动、家庭、消费)。“生活福利”围绕生活主体的生活结构所需的各类需求,形成助力民众过上美好生活的普惠型社会福利体系。该体系具有整体主义、主体自反性、地域社区性等特点。随着脱贫攻坚、乡村振兴、共同富裕等战略的深入推进,中国的“生活性社会福利”制度也开始勃兴,但尚存在系统性和主体性不明晰等缺憾。“生活福利”理念对建构中国特色“美好生活”型社会福利体系的启示在于,激活生活相关的中国传统思想资源,突出中国式社会福利的“家庭性”和“生活智慧”的主体性;立足社区福利服务,加强社区福利制度的体系性;建立多元共治的央地互补型福利体系,建构“福利共同体”。

何谓社区与社区何为

本文首先通过追溯“社区”一词的来龙去脉 ,说明社区的本质内涵 ,进而结合社区社会学的有关研究 ,分析作为地域性社会生活共同体的社区在现代城市社会生活中的境遇和前景 。

On Naipaurs novels from reality and acuity

Naipaul＇s novels are real and acute, which reflect many countries and social realities, especially terrible lives and depressed emotions, including human interests, opinions, ideas, consciousnesses, self-acceptance, idea crisis, looking for identity, spiritual trouble, contradiction between religion and life, cultural conflict in colonized countries and post-colonized areas. Such novels are from actual realities, life facts, street matters with miscellaneous, vicissitudinous, and integrative skills and abilities.

中国田园诗之研究

本文讨论了田园诗的概念,对中国田园诗的内容特色、发展概况、风格流派作了考察和分析,并把田园诗的发展分为五个阶段(其中三个是高峰期);指出历史上田园诗创作每一高峰期的出现,总是与农民政治经济地位的变化以及社会上“人权”观念的进步息息相关的。

An evaluation system for suitability of urban public rental housing construction in Chongqing

A social problem that low-income people are unable to purchase houses in urban areas has been focused in recent years and the housing security system has also become an important part of the social security system. In recent years, public rental houses appeared as a new type of affordable houses. The national government took the construction of public rental houses to the national strategic level. Currently, there are many problems in the public rental house construction. For example, policy mechanisms are inadequate, the use of funding is not in an efficient way, the location of public rental houses is far away from the downtown, the plot ratio is too high, and facilities are incomplete. There are no appropriate indicators to comprehensively evaluate the public rental house construction. Based on the livable evaluation system in Chongqing, we selected four aspects of relevant indicators as the economic suitability, environmental suitability, social suitability, and life suitability to establish the public rental house construction suitability evaluation system.

The Coffee-Khat Interface in Eastern Ethiopia： A Controversial Land Use and Livelihood Change Scenario

The aim of the study was to assess the current trend of coffee and khat production as well as the subsequent land use and livelihood change scenario in the area. By so doing, the study tried to identify the impact of both commodities on the socio-economic well being of both the rural and urban communities. These areas, with regard to this particular study, cover all parts of the East and West Harerghe zones of the Oromiya National Regional State, the coffee and khat growing parts of the Somalia and Harari National Regional States as well as the Dire-Dawa Administration Council in Ethiopia. In so doing, the article is partly based on the first hand information gathered especially by the first author during his assigned mission in March 2002 by the institution he was then working for, i.e., Institute of Biodiversity Conservation （IBC）, Ethiopia. The study indicates that on top of other biotic and abiotic stress, ever since the first official appearance of coffee berry disease （CBD） in around 1973, there has been a huge shift in land use from coffee to khat with over 63% of the total coffee land being uprooted and converted into the later. As such, the study points out the fact that if the trend continues to keep unabated, it is very likely that the genetic base of the unique coffee type in the area will be similarly further endangered. On the other hand, the study states that the existing reality on the ground is entirely different from what appears to be true in the development or policy theories. Because of the absence of basic and sustainable options for CBD and other biotic and abiotic hazards prevailing in the area, including on other crops, as well as the absence of a fair trade price for their unique quality coffee at international level, farmers have been obliged to switch and increasingly rely on khat as an alternative God blessed commodity given to their locality. Thus, even though there are growing controversies and/or hasty health and social connotations against khat, it is very unlikely to recover the situation back to the origin so easily, as farmers have already gone far away changes in their way of farming and socio-economic set up, or as stated above in their land use and livelihood circumstances. Before a long-term solution is obtained to solve the multifaceted environmental, social and economic problems and explore other sustainable and socially inclusive alternatives, reckless and hasty restrictions and/or impositions can only be unjustifiable, as they will cause overall socio-economic difficulties to all the communities therein.

Importance and Role of Biodiversity and Tropical Forests in the Cultural, Socio-Economic and Religious Life of African Black People： Case of Benin

Biodiversity and tropical forests play a fundamental role in the life of the black people of Africa. In Benin, while some aspects of this role are well-documented, others are barely known. Moreover, these information remains so far very scattered through the literature which does not allow to have a global view on the contribution of biodiversity and forests to the life of people. In this work, it is presented the role of forests and biological diversity in the main vital areas of life of populations in south of Benin. The methodology used was based, with regard to the field, on bibliographical research, observation and/or field stakeholder survey. Investigations are more particularly focused on hardwood lumber uses and the species that are significantly used. The results highlight the uses that are made of vegetal elements of biological diversity and timber as forest products in south of Benin. The main areas explored are animist or traditional religion and traditional medicine, as well as socio-cultural and economic life. In this latter area, the most used timber species and their uses are identified; these include furniture, light carpentry, sculpture, formwork, canoe construction, drums and mortar making.

Understanding the health and social care needs of people living with IBD: A meta-synthesis of the evidence

AIM:To undertake a metasynthesis of qualitative studies to understand the health and social needs of people living with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS:A systematic search strategy identified qualitative studies exploring the phenomenon of living with inflammatory bowel disease. Databases included MEDLINE, PsychInfo, EMBASE, CINAHL and the British Nursing Index via the OVID platform. Qualitative search filters were adapted from Hedges database (http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/hslt/miner/ digital_library/tip_sheets/Cinahl_eb_filters.pdf). Qualitative empirical studies exploring the health and social needs of people living with inflammatory bowel disease were selected. Study eligibility and data extraction were independently completed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme for qualitative studies. The studies were analysed and synthesised using metasynthesis methodology. The themes from the studies allowed for common translations into a new interpretation of the impact of living with inflammatory bowel disease. RESULTS:Of 1395 studies, six published studies and one unpublished thesis fulfilled the inclusion criteria. First iteration of synthesis identified 16 themes, 2nd iteration synthesised these into three main 2nd order constructs:"detained by the disease"; "living in a world of disease" and "wrestling with life". "Detained by the disease" is the fear of incontinence, the behaviour the patients display due to the fear, and the impact this has on the individual, such as social isolation and missing out on life events. All of these serve to "pull" the patient back from normal living. "Living in a world of disease" is the long term effects of living with a long term condition and the fear of these effects. "Wrestling with life" is the continued fight to thrive, the "push" to continue normal living. CONCLUSION:The metasynthesis provides a comprehensive representation of living with IBD. The unmistakeable burden of incontinence is exposed and its ongoing effects are demonstrated. The combined overall impact of living with IBD is the tension these patients live with:"Pushed and pulled:a compromised life", people living with IBD experience a constant conflict throughout their lives, they push to be normal but IBD pulls them back. The impact of the fear of incontinence and behaviour of the individual as a result, requires further qualitative enquiry.

Effects of a symptom management intervention based on group sessions combined with a mobile health application for persons living with HIV in China:A randomized controlled trial

Objective:This study aims to evaluate the effects of a symptom management intervention(SMI)based on symptom management group sessions combined with a mobile health(mHealth)application(app)on the knowledge of symptom management,the certainty of symptom self-management,symptom severity,symptom distress,medication adherence,social support,and quality of life among persons living with HIV(PLWH)in China.Methods:A parallel randomized controlled trial with 61 PLWH was conducted in Shanghai,China.The participants in the control group(n¼30)downloaded the Symptom Management(SM)app according to their needs and preferences,and received routine follow-ups.The participants in the intervention group(n¼31)were guided to download and use the SM app,and received four tailored weekly group sessions at routine follow-ups.Each group session lasted for approximately 2 h and targeted one of the major modules of the SM app.All the outcomes were assessed at baseline and post-intervention.The study was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(ChiCTR1900024821).Results:The symptom management knowledge and certainty of symptom self-management were significantly improved after the intervention(all P<0.01).Compared with the control group,the scores of symptoms reasons knowledge score improved 11.47 points(95%CI:3.41,19.53)and scores of symptoms self-management knowledge score improved 12.80 points(95%CI:4.55,21.05)in the intervention group after controlling for covariates.However,other outcomes did not show statistically significant differences between the intervention group and the control group(P>0.05).Conclusion:The SMI could improve PLWH’s symptom management knowledge and certainty of symptom self-management.Multi-center studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-ups are needed to further understand the effects of SM app on ameliorating symptom severity and symptom distress.More innovative strategies are also needed to promote and maintain the sustainability of the SM app.

＂Let Me With Sappho and Orinda Be oh Ever Sacred Nymph, Adom＇d by Thee＂, Aphra Behn： A Character in Search of an Author

In this paper, I will explore Aphra Behn＇s world： spy, kept mistress and writer. She created her complex personality between myth and reality, underlining limits and contradictions of her society in her life and works. In a world where woman had to be obedient she turned upside down a strict system, while remaining loyal to male libertinism. I will sketch out a brief outline of her life and works. She plays her role, assuming different positions, such as her masculine poetic gift and the labelled role of whore. This gave her access to the little but exciting world of women＇s literature. She constructed the image of the whore, becoming trader of herself. In doing this, she gained a place in society.

A Conceptual Inquisition on Sexual Crimes

In this paper, the starting point comprises the general philosophy of sexuality. Despite certain differences in various cultures throughout the world and social history regarding all matters of sexuality, many converging principles of mankind are also there to take notice. In this light, in this work, the dimension of criminality in sexuality is taken into consideration. Rape seems to be the most common type of violent sexual crime. The topic of sexual offences （milder crimes） in the legal framework is further developed and debated, with references to figures of authority. Sexual harassment seems to be the mildest form or degree of offence on a scale depicting the spectrum of sexual crimes. As a matter of fact, its mere definition emerged only in contemporary times, even though its presence had been a fact of social life, throughout the ages. In this paper, while a general survey is preferred, peculiarities due to Turkey as a separate country with its own cultural history, are also alluded to inappropriate places, along the course of debates.

Boccaccio＇s Attitude Toward Women in The Decameron

Regarded as one of the masterpieces of Western literature and a ＂human comedy＂, The Decameron （1955） is a mirror to the world and the people of his time. Thus, Giovanni Boccaccio （1313-1375） took his place with Dante, Chaucer, and Shakespeare in Western literature, and many writers both at home and abroad are in debt to Boccaccio Voluminous of criticism has been done for The Deeameron as well Boccaccio. Based on the social background and life experience of Boccaccio as well as the text of The Decarneron, this paper analyzes Boccaccio＇s positive and sympathetic attitude toward women mainly from four aspects so that to have a better understanding of this literature giant and his great work.

Martin Luther on Marriage and Family

This paper describes and analyzes Martin Luther＇s views on marriage and family primarily from his own writings. Luther elevated marriage and family life to a place of respect and honor in the church and society at a time when singleness and celibacy were celebrated as ways of reaching a higher state of spirituality. Martin Luther＇s teachings were so radically different from the traditional Catholic views of his days that the church became furious with him and tried almost everything in their power to silence him. Although Luther is known primarily for his views on Justification, but it is his teachings on marriage and family that has been more consequential. Many in the West who have never heard the name of Martin Luther, today enjoy a more biblical view on marriage and family because of his influence. He advocated divorce according to biblical principles, at a time when divorce was almost impossible; he encouraged priests to marry by showing that there was no conflict between their calling and marriage; he denounced celibacy, blaming it for encouraging lust rather than aiding chastity; he restored marriage and family life back to the arena of spirituality and respectability in society. Luther lived out his own advice by getting married and living an exemplary married life. What made Luther so effective was the passionate intensity with which he advocated these reforms. He wrote and spoke with such power and backed up his words with such a bold and courageous life, although living in the shadow of constant threats, that centuries after his death, the power and conviction of his ideas still resonate.

Disability, Gender and Narratives of Pain： The Caregivers＇ Perspectives

This paper analyzes how caregivers＇ narratives about pain and illness are constructed, and also what narrative identities are formed during the lengthy process of taking care of a woman with cerebral palsy, from the years of 1972 to 2014. Of particular interest is how these voices narrate feelings of struggle in order to cope with their own needs and the needs of a disabled woman. How this situation affected their way of living, their views about life through gender-sex, violent, discriminatory, psycho-social and cultural perspectives （Lamas, 2002）？ This study also draws from Hydrn＇s ideas regarding narratives about illness to identify diverse forms to represent reality by means of creating affective bonds, including aspects such as plot, metaphors and the construction or reconstruction of the Self （1995; 1997）, which can be related to the transformation of the narrative identity （Ricoeur, 1995; 1996） of each caregiver. This study aims to open other scenarios to establish public policies of support for caregivers and for the disabled, and to question the role that government and medical institutional have played in order to benefit the society as a whole.

Research on the Novel Pattern of Soft Music Creation based on High-Pitched Melody Element and Aesthetic Point of View

In this paper, we conduct research on the novel pattern of soft music creation based on high-pitched melody element and aesthetic point of view. Music is the music creation, music is a kind of creation and it is not a simple thing, because music is an expression of human thoughts and feelings which reflect the social life of an art. Music creation and other artistic creation need perceptual and rational psychological elements such as the creation principle of participation. This involves the music creation that the relationship between the perceptual thinking and rational thinking. Our research proposed the novel paradigm of art creation which will obtain significant meaning.

＂Actual Experience＂＂ Correcting Misconceptions Through Analyzing Harriet Wilson＇s Our Nig

African-American writers during the 19th century wrote in the shadow of the prominent romance, sentimental, and domestic fiction. Harriet Wilson＇s Our Nig （1859） reflects an ＂alternative social character＂, for the female protagonist suffers racism in the free North, because she is a mulatto child. Through depicting the life of free blacks, who supposedly lives a better life than Southern slaves, Wilson exposes how she has actually lived and sensed life in antebellum America. According to Raymond Williams （2011）, there are two kinds of literary writings. The first represents the general tendency of the age, and he calls it ＂dominant social character＂; representing the majority content of both the public writing and speaking. But, another different literary writing lives in its shadow; one that usually leads the conflicts of the time. It is the ＂alternative social character＂; the literature of the victims of repression and marginalization, produced by the lower class, women, and blacks. They reflected how they were dehumanized, and exposed their suffering and abasement. They also aimed to prove individualism. The novel reveals how racism in the North could be worse than the slavery of the South. This paper shows Wilson deviation from the ＂her brethren＂ in writing her novel. It unveils significant truths concerning black women＇s status in antebellum America. It discusses how the author attempts to correct certain misconceptions through her female character

Analysis of the Characteristics and Model of Online Social Network Information Dissemination

Online social network is increasingly showing a significant impact and role in many areas of social life. In the study of online social network related issues have become the consensus of the academic and industrial communities and the urgent need for. This paper mainly studies the problem of information dissemination in social network, the mode of communication, behavior, propagation paths and propagation characteristics are studied, and take the Tencent micro-blog as an example, based on the analysis of many examples, several main models and characteristics of information dissemination in social network platform.

Transformation in the Form of a Better Life in the New Era and Its Value Guidance

A"better life in the new era,"a proposition unique to 21 st century Marxism,is based on the historical originality of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Along with the transformation of the main contradictions in Chinese society,"a better life in the new era"has become a new life-form.Of course,the new life-form and new development ideas are complementary.On the one hand,the proposition of the new development ideas is based on the transformation of the new life-forms,so the inherent purport of the two is closely related;on the other,the proposition of such ideas will further promote the construction of"a better life in the new era"at the level of practice,and will play a key leading role in the resolution of major social contradictions.Therefore,to comprehensively understand the revolutionary significance of a"better life in the new era"under the guidance of the new development principles,we must gain an intrinsic grasp of the many forms of a"better life in the new era,"including its actors,forms of occurrence,forms of realization and external forms.They have as their theoretical support such concepts as"the people as themain force,the ruling Party as the guide,""transformation of contradictions,integration of supply and demand,""labor orientation,co-creation and sharing,"and"homogeneous ideals extended worldwide."Together,these constitute a unique Chinese style.In the building of socialism with Chinese characteristics,or modernization,only the sublation of"objective[sachlicher]dependence"and adherence to the practical intention of"free individuality"can fulfill the"return"of a"better life in the new era"toward"man himself,"and achieve value guidance for the Chinese road.