【目的】探讨宁波市区学龄前儿童单纯性肥胖的发生率及其与生活环境的关系。【方法】采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,选取五个城区60所幼儿园的12 220名中、大班儿童作为研究对象,测量其身高、体重,采用问卷调查儿童的家庭情况、抚养情况...【目的】探讨宁波市区学龄前儿童单纯性肥胖的发生率及其与生活环境的关系。【方法】采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,选取五个城区60所幼儿园的12 220名中、大班儿童作为研究对象,测量其身高、体重,采用问卷调查儿童的家庭情况、抚养情况、出生情况、喂养情况等生活环境因素,按照WHO的体质指数(body mass index,BMI)>P95判定为肥胖儿童,采用单因素和多因素回归分析影响肥胖的因素。【结果】调查儿童中肥胖的检出率为7.86%,其中男童为8.41%,女童为7.25%;其中父母的文化程度低、出生体重较重、主要抚养人为保姆、抚养人文化程度较低者及大年龄的男童容易发生肥胖。【结论】宁波市学龄前儿童单纯性肥胖的发生率较高,且与儿童生活的家庭环境密切相关,应针对家庭危险因素对儿童肥胖进行有效干预。展开更多
As the population ages, older people's health and quality of life are becoming a matter of public concern increasingly. Through review of the literatures and analysis of the reasons for falls in older people, we w...As the population ages, older people's health and quality of life are becoming a matter of public concern increasingly. Through review of the literatures and analysis of the reasons for falls in older people, we worked out some measures to cope with such a situation, provided the self-care knowledge of falls prevention for older people and improved the quality life of older persons. The recovery process is long, if the old people fall down, which brings a lot of inconvenience to individuals and families, and it can also cause a lot of complications. If wary of fall risk factors, the quality of life of older persons can be improved. According to the different conditions of the elderly, we should take effective measures to create suitable living environment for senior citizens, and propagandize the knowledge of the old people's health care, which has the great significance in preventing the elderly's fall, and improving their living quality.展开更多
By using methods of carbon footprint analysis, and impacts of population, affluence and technology （IPAT）, this article analyzes the carbon footprints of residence and travel, and their influential factors for diffe...By using methods of carbon footprint analysis, and impacts of population, affluence and technology （IPAT）, this article analyzes the carbon footprints of residence and travel, and their influential factors for different urban residential incomes, using 1,500 household questionnaires in Shijiazhuang city, Hebei province. The results show that the process of urban residents improving their living standards is also a driving factor in the increase of their carbon footprints; at the same time, the progress in technology has a positive impact on reducing the carbon footprints of urban residence. This article suggests that some measures, such as promoting energy-saving buildings and central heating supply, and establishing the convenient and comfortable public transport system, should be taken to reduce the carbon footprints of residence and travel in Shijiazhuang city.展开更多
As a consequence of developing technology, various medical developments and environmental factors, the population of elderly people has been rising. Future predictions show a rising trend for designing for the elderly...As a consequence of developing technology, various medical developments and environmental factors, the population of elderly people has been rising. Future predictions show a rising trend for designing for the elderly and. In order for seniors to be able to appear in community life, to be self-sufficient and live their lives independently, supportive environments are required. Being able to sustain seniors＇ lives has to be seen as a civic right and architectural design should be considered as a tool to get these rights. As linked to everyday living, homes should be a starting point to get these rights. Being in the core of everyday activities, the spaces in dwellings should meet life-span design criteria. Fundamental principles lying under the aspects of design, dimensions, details, colors and symbols of supportive environments should not be affected from generation gap and senium and should rather aim at this user group. These fundamentals can briefly be listed as, change as less as possible, design for self-sufficiency, communication and socialization. In the paper, the focus is on these fundamental design principles for residential spaces, together with the research of reflections of factors, affecting health, security and mobility deriving from mobility disabilities, perception and memory weakening, specifically to bathroom design.展开更多
文摘【目的】探讨宁波市区学龄前儿童单纯性肥胖的发生率及其与生活环境的关系。【方法】采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,选取五个城区60所幼儿园的12 220名中、大班儿童作为研究对象,测量其身高、体重,采用问卷调查儿童的家庭情况、抚养情况、出生情况、喂养情况等生活环境因素,按照WHO的体质指数(body mass index,BMI)>P95判定为肥胖儿童,采用单因素和多因素回归分析影响肥胖的因素。【结果】调查儿童中肥胖的检出率为7.86%,其中男童为8.41%,女童为7.25%;其中父母的文化程度低、出生体重较重、主要抚养人为保姆、抚养人文化程度较低者及大年龄的男童容易发生肥胖。【结论】宁波市学龄前儿童单纯性肥胖的发生率较高,且与儿童生活的家庭环境密切相关,应针对家庭危险因素对儿童肥胖进行有效干预。
文摘As the population ages, older people's health and quality of life are becoming a matter of public concern increasingly. Through review of the literatures and analysis of the reasons for falls in older people, we worked out some measures to cope with such a situation, provided the self-care knowledge of falls prevention for older people and improved the quality life of older persons. The recovery process is long, if the old people fall down, which brings a lot of inconvenience to individuals and families, and it can also cause a lot of complications. If wary of fall risk factors, the quality of life of older persons can be improved. According to the different conditions of the elderly, we should take effective measures to create suitable living environment for senior citizens, and propagandize the knowledge of the old people's health care, which has the great significance in preventing the elderly's fall, and improving their living quality.
基金supported under the French Institute of Veolia Environment(IVE) program
文摘By using methods of carbon footprint analysis, and impacts of population, affluence and technology （IPAT）, this article analyzes the carbon footprints of residence and travel, and their influential factors for different urban residential incomes, using 1,500 household questionnaires in Shijiazhuang city, Hebei province. The results show that the process of urban residents improving their living standards is also a driving factor in the increase of their carbon footprints; at the same time, the progress in technology has a positive impact on reducing the carbon footprints of urban residence. This article suggests that some measures, such as promoting energy-saving buildings and central heating supply, and establishing the convenient and comfortable public transport system, should be taken to reduce the carbon footprints of residence and travel in Shijiazhuang city.
文摘As a consequence of developing technology, various medical developments and environmental factors, the population of elderly people has been rising. Future predictions show a rising trend for designing for the elderly and. In order for seniors to be able to appear in community life, to be self-sufficient and live their lives independently, supportive environments are required. Being able to sustain seniors＇ lives has to be seen as a civic right and architectural design should be considered as a tool to get these rights. As linked to everyday living, homes should be a starting point to get these rights. Being in the core of everyday activities, the spaces in dwellings should meet life-span design criteria. Fundamental principles lying under the aspects of design, dimensions, details, colors and symbols of supportive environments should not be affected from generation gap and senium and should rather aim at this user group. These fundamentals can briefly be listed as, change as less as possible, design for self-sufficiency, communication and socialization. In the paper, the focus is on these fundamental design principles for residential spaces, together with the research of reflections of factors, affecting health, security and mobility deriving from mobility disabilities, perception and memory weakening, specifically to bathroom design.
