While lifestyle modifications are currently used as firstline treatment for subjects with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), the pathogenetic role of lifestyle factors and consequently, the efficacy of lifestyle ...While lifestyle modifications are currently used as firstline treatment for subjects with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), the pathogenetic role of lifestyle factors and consequently, the efficacy of lifestyle measures is controversial. Our aim was to systematically review the pathogenetic link between overweight/ obesity, dietary habits, physical activity and GERD, and the beneficial effect of specific recommended changes, by means of the available literature from the 1999 to the present. Obesity, in particular, abdominal obesity, plays a key role in determining GERD symptoms and complications through mechanical and metabolic effects. Controlled weight loss (by diet or surgery) is effective in improving GERD symptoms. No definitive data exist regarding the role of diet and, in particular, of specific foods or drinks, in influencing GERD clinical manifestations. Moderate physical activity seems to be beneficial for GERD, while vigorous activity may be dangerous in predisposed individuals. In conclusion, being obese/overweight and GERD-specific symptoms and endoscopic features are related, and weight loss significantly improves GERD clinical-endoscopic manifestations. The role of dietary behavior, mainly in terms of specific dietary components, remains controversial. Mild routine physical activity in association with diet modifications, i.e. a diet rich in fiber and low in fat, is advisable in preventing reflux symptoms.展开更多
The main purpose of this article was to find out more about eating habits along with other habits, attitudes and activities of elementary school pupils. Another aim was to determine possible differences among pupils, ...The main purpose of this article was to find out more about eating habits along with other habits, attitudes and activities of elementary school pupils. Another aim was to determine possible differences among pupils, depending on their sex, age and environment. Furthermore, based on the anthropometric data （body mass and height） and age, this article was to determine the nutritional status of pupils. The research was conducted via questionnaire constructed for the needs of this specific research. Six hundred and fifty-one pupils took part in this questionnaire in a ratio of 41：59 urban/rural and 51：49 girls/boys. Most of the interviewed pupils （73.88%） have normal body mass according to their age. The share of underweight and overweight pupils is bigger among the boys. Nutritional habits differ among pupils from the urban and rural areas, but they do not differ as much among boys and girls. In addition, their nutritional habits become worse as they grow up.展开更多
Human has different stages in their life as from babyhood to adult. The healthy and balanced diet preferences of people play an important role in each human life parts. Especially milk and dairy products are necessary...Human has different stages in their life as from babyhood to adult. The healthy and balanced diet preferences of people play an important role in each human life parts. Especially milk and dairy products are necessary for human health because of their nutrition value and body functions. One of the parts of people life is university life. Starting university is a turning point in terms of eating habits, since food choices responsibility of university students increases in this period. According to the researches, increasing availability of fast foods, changes in living arrangements, life experiences, expectations, preferences and beliefs related with food selections are most common reasons regarding dietary choices in this young adults group. University students had drinking milk habits in primary school but most of them lose their habits during university life. The students＇ first preferences were cheese and then yogurt and finally milk. A very little part of university students consume milk and dairy products regularly. The consumption habits and milk and dairy product catering of university students were examined. The consumption preferences of milk and dairy products of the students in different Universities are reviewed in this review.展开更多
文摘While lifestyle modifications are currently used as firstline treatment for subjects with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), the pathogenetic role of lifestyle factors and consequently, the efficacy of lifestyle measures is controversial. Our aim was to systematically review the pathogenetic link between overweight/ obesity, dietary habits, physical activity and GERD, and the beneficial effect of specific recommended changes, by means of the available literature from the 1999 to the present. Obesity, in particular, abdominal obesity, plays a key role in determining GERD symptoms and complications through mechanical and metabolic effects. Controlled weight loss (by diet or surgery) is effective in improving GERD symptoms. No definitive data exist regarding the role of diet and, in particular, of specific foods or drinks, in influencing GERD clinical manifestations. Moderate physical activity seems to be beneficial for GERD, while vigorous activity may be dangerous in predisposed individuals. In conclusion, being obese/overweight and GERD-specific symptoms and endoscopic features are related, and weight loss significantly improves GERD clinical-endoscopic manifestations. The role of dietary behavior, mainly in terms of specific dietary components, remains controversial. Mild routine physical activity in association with diet modifications, i.e. a diet rich in fiber and low in fat, is advisable in preventing reflux symptoms.
文摘The main purpose of this article was to find out more about eating habits along with other habits, attitudes and activities of elementary school pupils. Another aim was to determine possible differences among pupils, depending on their sex, age and environment. Furthermore, based on the anthropometric data （body mass and height） and age, this article was to determine the nutritional status of pupils. The research was conducted via questionnaire constructed for the needs of this specific research. Six hundred and fifty-one pupils took part in this questionnaire in a ratio of 41：59 urban/rural and 51：49 girls/boys. Most of the interviewed pupils （73.88%） have normal body mass according to their age. The share of underweight and overweight pupils is bigger among the boys. Nutritional habits differ among pupils from the urban and rural areas, but they do not differ as much among boys and girls. In addition, their nutritional habits become worse as they grow up.
文摘Human has different stages in their life as from babyhood to adult. The healthy and balanced diet preferences of people play an important role in each human life parts. Especially milk and dairy products are necessary for human health because of their nutrition value and body functions. One of the parts of people life is university life. Starting university is a turning point in terms of eating habits, since food choices responsibility of university students increases in this period. According to the researches, increasing availability of fast foods, changes in living arrangements, life experiences, expectations, preferences and beliefs related with food selections are most common reasons regarding dietary choices in this young adults group. University students had drinking milk habits in primary school but most of them lose their habits during university life. The students＇ first preferences were cheese and then yogurt and finally milk. A very little part of university students consume milk and dairy products regularly. The consumption habits and milk and dairy product catering of university students were examined. The consumption preferences of milk and dairy products of the students in different Universities are reviewed in this review.
