The technical achievement relating to the research on biological technology for manufacture of 2,3-butanediol and application of its derivatives undertaken by the SINOPEC Fushun Research Institute of Petroleum and Pet...The technical achievement relating to the research on biological technology for manufacture of 2,3-butanediol and application of its derivatives undertaken by the SINOPEC Fushun Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals（FRIPP） has passed the technical appraisal organized by the Science and Technology Division of Sinopec Corp.展开更多
CAS Vice President CHEN Zhu and Dr. Marion Guillou, chairman of Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique （INRA） in France,signed on Nov. 4 in Beijing an agreement on the founding of a Sino- French lab for mamma...CAS Vice President CHEN Zhu and Dr. Marion Guillou, chairman of Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique （INRA） in France,signed on Nov. 4 in Beijing an agreement on the founding of a Sino- French lab for mammal-embryo cell biology （LABIOCEM）.展开更多
The silkworm,Bombyx mori,played an important role in the old Silk Road that connected ancient Asia and Europe.However,to date,there have been few studies of the origins and domestication of this species using molecula...The silkworm,Bombyx mori,played an important role in the old Silk Road that connected ancient Asia and Europe.However,to date,there have been few studies of the origins and domestication of this species using molecular methods.In this study,DNA sequences of mitochondrial and nuclear loci were used to infer the phylogeny and evolutionary history of the domesticated silkworm and its relatives.All of the phylogenetic analyses indicated a close relationship between the domesticated silkworm and the Chinese wild silkworm.Domestication was estimated to have occurred about 4100 years ago(ya),and the radiation of the different geographic strains of B.mori about 2000 ya.The Chinese wild silkworm and the Japanese wild silkworm split about 23600 ya.These estimates are in good agreement with the fossil evidence and historical records.In addition,we show that the domesticated silkworm experienced a population expansion around 1000 ya.The divergence times and the population dynamics of silkworms presented in this study will be useful for studies of lepidopteran phylogenetics,in the genetic analysis of domestic animals,and for understanding the spread of human civilizations.展开更多
Recently, environmental pressures along coasts have increased substantially. Classification of estuaries according to their sus- ceptibility to eutrophication nutrient load is a useful method to determine priority man...Recently, environmental pressures along coasts have increased substantially. Classification of estuaries according to their sus- ceptibility to eutrophication nutrient load is a useful method to determine priority management objects and to enforce control measures. Using historical monitoring data from 2007 to 2012, from 65 estuaries, including 101 estuarine monitoring sections and 260 coastal monitoring stations, a nutrient-driven phytoplankton dynamic model was developed based on the relationship among phytoplankton biomass, Total Nitrogen （TN） load and physical features of estuaries. The ecological filter effect of es- tuaries was quantified by introducing conversion efficiency parameter values into the model. Markov Chain Monte Carlo algo- rithm of Bayesian inference was then employed to estimate parameters in the mode/. The developed model fitted well to the observed chlorophyll, primary production, grazing, and sinking rates. The analysis suggests that an estuary with Q/V （the ratio of river flow to estuarine volume） greater than 2.0 per year and e （conversion efficiency ratio） less than 1.0 g C/g N can be classified as less susceptible to TN load, Q/V between 0.7 to 2.0 per year and e between 1.0 to 3.0 g C/g N as moderately sus- ceptible, and e greater than 3.0 g C/g N as very susceptible. The estuaries with Q/V less than 0.7 per year vary greatly in their susceptibility. The estuaries with high and moderate susceptibility accounted for 67% of all the analyzed estuaries. They have relatively high eutrophication risks and should be the focus of environmental supervision and pollution prevention.展开更多
文摘The technical achievement relating to the research on biological technology for manufacture of 2,3-butanediol and application of its derivatives undertaken by the SINOPEC Fushun Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals（FRIPP） has passed the technical appraisal organized by the Science and Technology Division of Sinopec Corp.
文摘CAS Vice President CHEN Zhu and Dr. Marion Guillou, chairman of Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique （INRA） in France,signed on Nov. 4 in Beijing an agreement on the founding of a Sino- French lab for mammal-embryo cell biology （LABIOCEM）.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No. 30671587)the Programme for Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities(Grant No.B07045)+1 种基金the Doctorial Innovation Fund of Southwest University(Grant No.Kb2009019)supported by grants from the U.S.National Science Foundation(Grant Nos.0531769, 0531626,and DEB-0212910)
文摘The silkworm,Bombyx mori,played an important role in the old Silk Road that connected ancient Asia and Europe.However,to date,there have been few studies of the origins and domestication of this species using molecular methods.In this study,DNA sequences of mitochondrial and nuclear loci were used to infer the phylogeny and evolutionary history of the domesticated silkworm and its relatives.All of the phylogenetic analyses indicated a close relationship between the domesticated silkworm and the Chinese wild silkworm.Domestication was estimated to have occurred about 4100 years ago(ya),and the radiation of the different geographic strains of B.mori about 2000 ya.The Chinese wild silkworm and the Japanese wild silkworm split about 23600 ya.These estimates are in good agreement with the fossil evidence and historical records.In addition,we show that the domesticated silkworm experienced a population expansion around 1000 ya.The divergence times and the population dynamics of silkworms presented in this study will be useful for studies of lepidopteran phylogenetics,in the genetic analysis of domestic animals,and for understanding the spread of human civilizations.
基金supported by Environmental Protection Public Welfare Project of China(Grant No.201309008)
文摘Recently, environmental pressures along coasts have increased substantially. Classification of estuaries according to their sus- ceptibility to eutrophication nutrient load is a useful method to determine priority management objects and to enforce control measures. Using historical monitoring data from 2007 to 2012, from 65 estuaries, including 101 estuarine monitoring sections and 260 coastal monitoring stations, a nutrient-driven phytoplankton dynamic model was developed based on the relationship among phytoplankton biomass, Total Nitrogen （TN） load and physical features of estuaries. The ecological filter effect of es- tuaries was quantified by introducing conversion efficiency parameter values into the model. Markov Chain Monte Carlo algo- rithm of Bayesian inference was then employed to estimate parameters in the mode/. The developed model fitted well to the observed chlorophyll, primary production, grazing, and sinking rates. The analysis suggests that an estuary with Q/V （the ratio of river flow to estuarine volume） greater than 2.0 per year and e （conversion efficiency ratio） less than 1.0 g C/g N can be classified as less susceptible to TN load, Q/V between 0.7 to 2.0 per year and e between 1.0 to 3.0 g C/g N as moderately sus- ceptible, and e greater than 3.0 g C/g N as very susceptible. The estuaries with Q/V less than 0.7 per year vary greatly in their susceptibility. The estuaries with high and moderate susceptibility accounted for 67% of all the analyzed estuaries. They have relatively high eutrophication risks and should be the focus of environmental supervision and pollution prevention.
