污泥生物制酸的影响因素

用城市污水厂污泥作嗜酸菌来源及培养基，通过添加能量物质、提供适当的生长条件，使污泥中的嗜酸菌大量繁殖富集，污泥pH下降，所产酸液可用于沥滤废旧干电池中的重金属。实验结果表明，以FeSO4·7H2O作能量物质时，其最适加入量为6～8g／L；在前5d内污泥pH下降较快，其值低于以单质硫作能量物质的试样，但最终污泥pH很难降至2．0以下；污泥初始pH对污泥酸化速率有一定的影响，即使在污泥pH高达8．0甚至10．0的情况下，嗜酸菌依然能够缓慢生长，逐渐使污泥pH下降；污泥初始pH为4．0时，污泥中嗜酸菌的活性最高，污泥pH下降最快，SO4^2-的产生量最大。

Influence of L-Cysteine Concentration on Oxidation-reduction Potential and Biohydrogen Production

The effects of L-cysteine concentration on biohydrogen production by Enterobacterium Bacterium M580 were investigated in batch cultivation.The experimental results showed that L-cysteine could enhance the cell growth,hydrogen production rate and hydrogen yield when its concentration was less than 500 mg·L-1,while it had negative effects when its concentration was higher than 500 mg·L-1.The hydrogen production was the highest 1.29 mol·mol-1(H2/glucose) when 300 mg·L-1L-cysteine was added into the culture,and the yield was 9.4% higher than that in the control.The oxidation-reduction potential(ORP) ,which was influenced by L-cysteine,also affected hydrogen production.The ORP values were in the range-300 mV to-150 mV when the L-cysteine concentration was higher than 500 mg·L-1.Although the ORP in this range was favorable for hydrogen production,it was not suitable for the biomass growth.Hence,less hydrogen was produced.When the L-cysteine concentration was lower than 500 mg·L-1,the ORP was more suitable for both biomass growth and hydrogen production.In addition,at least 91%glucose was consumed when L-cysteine was added to the culture media,compared to the 97.37% consumption without L-cysteine added.

Correlation of matrix metalloproteinase suppressor genes RECK,VEGF,and CD105 with angiogenesis and biological behavior in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

AIM: To explore the expression of reversion inducing cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs (RECK), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endoglin (CD105) protein and its correlation with occurrence, development, invasion and metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). METHODS: Streptavidin-peroxidase (SP) immunohisto- chemistry was used to detect expression of RECK and VEGF in 62 cases of ESCC, 31 cases of adjacent atypical hyperplastic epithelium and 62 cases of normal esophageal epithelium. CD105 Mb was used to assess microvessel density (MVD). RESULTS: The expression of RECK was closely correlated with histological grade, infiltrative depth and lymphatic metastasis in ESCC (P < 0.05). The expression of RECK decreased during cancer development: normal esophageal epithelium (85.5%, 53/62), adjacent atypical hyperplastic epithelium (71.0%, 22/31), and carcinoma (59.7%, 37/62). There was a significant difference among the groups (P < 0.05). The expression of VEGF protein was closely correlated with infiltrative depth and lymphatic metastasis in ESCC (P < 0.05). The expression of VEGF protein increased during cancer development: normal esophageal epithelium (29.0%, 18/62), adjacent atypical hyperplastic epithelium (54.8%, 17/31), and carcinoma (67.7%, 42/62). There was a significant difference among the groups (P < 0.05). MVDCD105 increased in accordance with histological grade, butthere was no significant difference (grade Ⅰ, 36.92 ± 10.85; grade Ⅱ, 37.65 ± 9.50; and grade Ⅲ, 38.06 ± 12.19). The MVDCD105 was closely correlated with infiltration and lymphatic metastasis in ESCC (P < 0.05). The expression of RECK was inversely correlated with the expression of VEGF and CD105. CONCLUSION: RECK, VEGF and CD105 play important roles in the infiltration, metastasis and carcinogenesis in esophageal carcinoma. Angiogenesis in ESCC may be promoted by over-expression of CD105.

Preparation and characterization of Ca-P coating on AZ31 magnesium alloy

A Ca-P coating consisting of biodegradableβ-tricalcium phosphate[β-TCP,β-Ca3(PO4)2]accepted for medical application was coated on a biodegradable AZ31 alloy by chemical deposition to improve the corrosion resistance.The good bonding strength of the coating is obtained.The results show that the corrosion potential of the Ca-P coated AZ31 alloy increases significantly,and MG63 cells show good adherence,proliferation and differentiation on the surface of the coated alloy.The Ca-P coating might be an effective way to improve the surface bioactivity of magnesium alloys.

Combination of telomerase antisense oligonucleotides simultaneously targeting hTR and hTERT produces synergism of inhibition of telomerase activity and growth in human colon cancer cell line

AIM: To investigate synergism of inhibition of telomerase activity and proliferation of human colon cancer cells by combination of telomerase antisense oligonucleotides (ASODNs) simultaneously targeting human telomerase RNA (hTR) and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) in vitro. METHODS: ASODN of hTR and ASODN of hTERT were transfected into human colon cancer SW480 cells by liposomal transfection reagents. Telomerase activity of SW480 cells was examined using telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP)-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (PCR-ELISA). Proliferation activity of SW480 cells was tested by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay. Apoptosis and cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The telomerase activity and cell survival rate in SW480 cells transfected with 0.2 μmol/L of ASODN of hTR or ASODN of hTERT for 24-72 h were significantly decreased in a time-dependent manner compared with those after treatment with sense oligonucleotides and untreated (telomerase activity: 24 h, 73%, 74% vs99%, 98%; 48 h, 61%, 55% vs98%, 99%; 72 h, 41%, 37% vs 99%, 97%; P<0.01; cell survival rate: 24 h, 88%, 86% vs594%, 98%; 48 h, 49%, 47% vs94%, 97%; 72 h, 44%, 42% vs92%, 96%; P<0.01). Moreover, the telomerase activity and the cell survival rate in SW480 cells treated by the combination of telomerase anti-hTR and anti-hTERT were more significantly suppressed than single anti-hTR or anti-hTERT (telomerase activity: 24 h, 59% vs 73%, 74%; 48 h, 43% vs61%, 55%; 72 h, 18% vs41%, 37%; P<0.01; cell survival rate: 24 h, 64% vs88%, 86%; 48 h, 37% vs49%, 47%; 72 h, 25% vs44%, 42%; P<0.01). Meanwhile, the apoptosis rates in the combination group were markedly increased compared with those in the single group (24 h, 18.0% vs7.2%, 7.4%; 48 h, 23.0% vs13.0%, 14.0%; 72 h, 28.6% vs 13.2%, 13.75; P<0.01). Cells in combination group were arrested at G0/G1 phase. CONCLUSION: Telomerase anti-hRT and anti-hTERT suppress telomerase activity, and inhibit growth of human colon cancer cells probably via induction of apoptosis and retardation of cell cycle. Additionally, combined use of telomerase ASODNs targeting both hTR and hTERT yields synergistic action selective for human colon cancer.

In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Assessment of Quillaja saponaria Mol. Extracts

Aqueous extracts from the native Chilean Quillaja saponaria tree are used orally and topically to treat lung inflammatory problems and toothache. This study aimed to corroborate their presumed anti-inflammatory activity, identify their active ingredients and validate their use. The topical anti-inflammatory activity of a commercial partially purified Quillaja saponin aqueous extract （Ultra Dry 100Q, UD）, the crude acid hydrolysate （H-100Q） of this material, its two most abundant sapogenins QA （quillaic acid） and PA （phytolaccagenic acid）, and two formulations containing QA were subjected to topical assays for the inhibition ofmurine ear inflammation elicited by AA （arachidonic acid） or TPA （phorbol ester）. The dose-dependent anti-inflammatory activity of QA was confirmed in both AA （maximal effect 92.1%） and TPA （maximal effect 62.2%） assays, and PA showed significant anti-inflammatory activity against AA （46.5%）. Two dermo pharmaceutical formulations containing 8% w/v QA as the active ingredient--a cream and a gel--also exhibited significant anti-inflammatory effects in the TPA （50.8%） and AA （39.5%） assays.

Basic formation mechanisms of Lake Doroninskoye soda water, East Siberia, Russia

The primary scientific goal of studying salt lakes is to better understand the formation of small continental- type hydrogeochemical systems. Many scientists have attributed the metamorphism of the chemical composition of salt lakes to the evaporative concentration of water. How- ever, the formation of soda water is inconsistent with this hypothesis. Thus, analyzing intrabasinal biochemical pro- cesses and water--rocks interactions during the evaporative concentration of water allows us to understand the major mechanisms of the formation and evolution of water com- positions. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to identify the key processes involved in the formation of the chemical composition of the water in Lake Doroninskoye. An analysis of the distribution of major components shows that Na＋, HCO3-, CO32-, and C1- are dominant in this water. High concentrations of these elements are the result of evaporative water concentration. Calcium, magnesium, and potassium are not accumulated because the water is saturated in min- erals containing these elements. The main barrier to the growth of the sulfate content of water is sulfate reduction. This process also contributes to the additional reproduction of carbon dioxide, which reacts with the products of the hydrolysis of aluminosilicates OH- to form HCO3- and CO32-, thus further contributing to the natural processes of soda formation.

Preparation, Characterization and Biological Activity Studies of New Azo Compounds

A new series of azo were derived from 2,5-di（p-amino phenyl）-3,6-diphenyl pyrazine in the presence of benzoic acid, salicylic acid, p-amino salicylic acid, p-methoxy phenol and pmethyl phenol. The structures of the synthesized compounds were determined on the basis of their FTIR, UV （ultraviolet）, elemental analysis and H-NMR （H-nuclear magnetic resonance） spectral date. The purity of synthesized compounds was checked by performing TLC （thin layer chromatography）. The antibacterial activity was evaluated in DMSO （dimethyl sulfoxide）.

Antiangiogenic agents combined with chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer

As a targeted therapy, antiangiogenic treatment has been increasingly studied for advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) and has proven effective for the treatment of advanced NSCLC. Bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting angiogenesis, is the only antiangiogenic agent approved for use in combination with first-line chemotherapy for non-squamous NSCLC. Small-molecule inhibitors targeting the tyrosine kinase receptor have also shown promise when combined with standard chemotherapeutic agents in patients with advanced NSCLC. However, unlike bevacizumab, not all other antiangiogenic agents show significant benefits when combined with chemotherapy. As for the failures of most other combinations, the combination schedule may be an important reason that has so far been overlooked in clinical trials. This article reviews the combination of angiogenic agents with chemotherapy in the treatment of NSCLC.

Synthesis,structure and tyrosinase inhibition of natural phenols derivatives

Four series of derivatives of vanillin,anisaldehyde,genistein and aloe emodin were prepared.The single crystal of （E）-1-（5-（4-methoxyphenyl）-3-（4-methoxystyryl）-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl）ethanone,which was synthesized from vanillin, was obtained by spontaneous evaporation method.All the compounds were tested for the tyrosinase inhibitory activities.The results demonstrated that the IC_（50）values of vanillin,anisaldehyde,genistein and aloe emodin against mushroom tyrosinase activity are 68,49,343 and 160μM,respectively.Among the twelve derivatives,（E）-1-（5-（4-methoxyphenyl）-3-（4-methoxystyryl）-4,5- dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl）ethanone from vanillin and 4,5-dimethoxy-9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-2-carboxylic acid from aloe emodin showed good inhibition against the tyrosinase with IC_（50）values of 18μM and 21μM,respectively.