L-卡尼汀制备方法的进展

L-卡尼汀(L-carnitine),化学名为(-)(3R)-3-羟基-4(三甲铵基)丁酸,具有广泛的生理活性,20世纪80年代上市,已收入美国药典22版.现国内外已广泛应用于医疗、保健、食品等领域,安全性好,效果显著.L-卡尼汀的制备方法很多,有些方法尚处于实验室研究阶段,比较有应用价值的是化学合成方法和生物合成方法.

茶氨酸的人工合成与药用研究现状

综述了茶氨酸人工合成的化学及生物合成方法和茶氨酸在保健功能方面的研究进展。

基于合成生物学方法研究冠状病毒的生物安全思考

SARS-CoV、MERS-CoV和2019-nCoV等冠状病毒均能导致人类严重呼吸道疾病,给世界各国公共卫生和临床救治带来巨大困难和挑战,也对病毒致病机制的解析、抗病毒药物和疫苗的研发提出了迫切需求。合成生物学作为一门新兴学科,具有合成快速、基因构建准确和容易获取突变等特点。因此,合成生物学方法和技术也正被用于冠状病毒的研究,以加速致病机制的解析以及相关药物和疫苗的研发。但是由于某些冠状病毒本身具有高致病性和强传染性等特点,以及合成生物学本身的不确定性和复杂性,基于合成生物学方法研究冠状病毒可能产生新的生物安全隐患。建议基于合成生物学方法研究冠状病毒应加强其生物安全风险评估、制定研究规范、强化审批以及加强监督和管理,以确保此类研究的生物安全从而尽可能规避风险,发挥此类研究的优势。

防癌卫士——β-胡萝卜素

本文概述了β -胡萝卜素的结构、性质、防癌功能及其他药用价值 ,探讨了 β -胡萝卜素的防癌机理 ,指出了 β -胡萝卜素的生产和生物合成方法 ,以及人体获取 β

美国科学家改造病毒用于杀菌

美国科学家利用生物合成方法改造病毒，然后用改造后的病毒成功清除了含有有害细菌的生物薄膜。这一方法可望用于食品和医疗等行业的器械消毒。

The Combinatorial Biosynthesis of＂Unnatural＂ Products with Polyketides

Polyketides have been widely used clinically due to their significant biological activities, but the needed structural and functional diversity cannot be achieved by common chemical synthetic methods. The tool of combinatorial biosynthesis provides the possibility to produce "unnatural" natural drugs, which has achieved initial success. This paper provides an overview for the strategies of combinatorial biosynthesis in producing the structural and functional diversity of polyketides, including the redesign of metabolic flow, polyketide synthase(PKS) engineering, and PKS post-translational modification. Although encouraging progress has been made in the last decade, challenges still exist regarding the rational combinatorial biosynthesis of polyketides. In this review, the perspectives of polyketide combinatorial biosynthesis are also discussed.

Design and Synthesis of Novel Fluorine-containing Acrylates

A series of novel fluorine-containing acrylates 6a-6g were synthesized via the condensation of ethyl cyanoacetate and trifluoroacetic anhydride, followed by chloridization and the coupling reaction with amines. These new compounds exhibited some biological activity as preliminary bioassay indicated. A plausible reaction mechanism was outlined and discussed.

Zirconium-Mediated Synthesis of Multi-substituted Dibenzosilole and Benzonaphthosilole Derivatives

In this study, a new zirconium-mediated cycloaddition for preparing dibenzosilole derivatives was developed using siliconbridged diynes and electron-withdrawing alkynes as starting materials. The preparation of silicon-bridged diynes from 1-bromide-2-iodobenzene, terminal alkynes, and dimethyldichlorosilane was also studied. Unlike in the previous synthesis methods, much higher yields of electron-withdrawing group-substituted dibenzosilole derivatives were obtained. In addition, a new synthesis strategy for preparing benzonaphthosilole derivatives using internal alkynes, 1,4-dibromobenzene, and electron-withdrawing alkynes as starting materials is proposed. Compared with previous methods, alkyl, phenyl, and electron-withdrawing groups can be successfully introduced onto aromatic rings, and the positions of these substituents can be easily controlled. The cycloaddition reactions for dibenzosilole and benzonaphthosilole derivatives are highly efficient one-pot processes, and the raw materials are available and easily prepared. Using these new methods, a series of novel multisubstituted dibenzonsilole and benzonaphthosilole derivatives were obtained effectively.

Methanol from CO2 and Solar Energy A Literature Review

The project ＂SolMethCO2＂ deals with the options of an effective methanol synthesis from atmospheric or industrial CO2 sources by implementing solar energy. First part of the projects is a wide-range survey of the many different processes and sub-processes that may be involved in methanol production and of the possibilities how to make these processes available for solarization. The different fields of research were CO2 capturing, Hg/syngas-synthesis, biotechnological techniques for methanol synthesis, photocatalytical approaches and solar reactor.

Rational design and functional evolution of targeted peptides for bioanalytical applications

The complicated, highly dynamic and diverse nature of biosystems brings great challenges to the specific analysis of molecular processes of interest. Nature provides antibodies for the specific recognition of antigens, which is a straight-forward way for targeted analysis. However, there are still limitations during the practical applications due to the big size of the antibodies, which accelerate the discovery of small molecular probes. Peptides built from various optional building blocks and easily achieved by chemical synthetic approaches with predictable conformations, are versatile and can act as tailor-made targeting vehicles.In this mini review, we summarize the recent developments in the discovery of novel peptides for bioanalytical and biomedical applications. Progresses in peptide-library design and selection strategies are presented. Recent achievements in the peptide-guided detection, imaging and disease treatment are also focused.

Synthesis, properties and applications of one- and two- dimensional gold nanostructures

The controlled synthesis of gold nanocrystals has been the subject of intensive studies for decades because the properties and functions of gold nanomaterials are highly dependent on their particle size, shape, and dimensionality. Especially, anisotropic gold nanocrystals, such as nanowires, nanobelts, nanoplates and nanosheets, have attracted much attention due to their striking properties and promising applications in electronics, catalysis, photonics, sensing and biomedicine. In this review, we will summarize the recent developments of one- dimensional （1D） and two-dimensional （2D） gold nanostructures. Various kinds of synthetic methods for preparation of these 1D and 2D gold nanocrystals will be described. Moreover, we will also briefly introduce the properties and potential applications of these 1D and 2D gold nanocrystals.

The synthesis of benzoxaboroles and their applications in medicinal chemistry

Benzoxaborole,as a versatile scaffold,plays important roles in organic synthesis,molecular recognition and supramolecular chemistry.It is also a privileged structure in medicinal chemistry due to its desirable physicochemical and drug-like properties.Recently,benzoxaboroles were widely applied as antifungal,antibacterial,antiviral,anti-parasite,and anti-inflammatory agents.This review covers the properties,synthetic methods and applications of benzoxaboroles in medicinal chemistry.

The naturally occurring secolignans

Naturally occurring secolignans have drawn the considerable attention because of their novel structures and diverse biological activities.In recent years,various natural secolignans with extensive bioactivities have been reported in the literatures.In the present review,we summarized all the available information regarding the biosynthesis,distributions,separation methods,chemical structures,spectral characteristics,and biological activities of natural secolignans,and provided some valuable new insights for the further study.