Molluscan shell color has received persistent attention for its distinctive diversity and complexity. In the present study, six transcriptome libraries obtained from two developmental stages, pre-pigmentation and post...Molluscan shell color has received persistent attention for its distinctive diversity and complexity. In the present study, six transcriptome libraries obtained from two developmental stages, pre-pigmentation and post-pigmentation, were used for paired-end sequencing in the bay scallop Argopecten irradians. In total, 289 839 646 paired-end reads were assembled into 70 929 transcripts. Using BLASTX and BLASTN, 30 896 unigenes were successfully annotated against the SWISS-PROT, NR, and KOG database. Gene ontology annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes classification identified numbers of unigenes involved in biomineralization and pigmentation. Digital gene expression analysis revealed that melanin, trace metal elements and porphyrins are potentially involved in shell coloration of A. irradians.展开更多
Spotted scat( Scatophagus argus) is an economically important farmed fish, particularly in East and Southeast Asia. Because there has been little research on reproductive development and regulation in this species, th...Spotted scat( Scatophagus argus) is an economically important farmed fish, particularly in East and Southeast Asia. Because there has been little research on reproductive development and regulation in this species, the lack of a mature artificial reproduction technology remains a barrier for the sustainable development of the aquaculture industry. More genetic and genomic background knowledge is urgently needed for an in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanism of reproductive process and identification of functional genes related to sexual differentiation, gonad maturation and gametogenesis. For these reasons, we performed transcriptomic analysis on spotted scat using a multiple tissue sample mixing strategy. The Illumina RNA sequencing generated 118 510 486 raw reads. After trimming, de novo assembly was performed and yielded 99 888 unigenes with an average length of 905.75 bp. A total of 45 015 unigenes were successfully annotated to the Nr, Swiss-Prot, KOG and KEGG databases. Additionally, 23 783 and 27 183 annotated unigenes were assigned to 56 Gene Ontology(GO) functional groups and 228 KEGG pathways, respectively. Subsequently, 2 474 transcripts associated with reproduction were selected using GO term and KEGG pathway assignments, and a number of reproduction-related genes involved in sex differentiation, gonad development and gametogenesis were identified. Furthermore, 22 279 simple sequence repeat(SSR) loci were discovered and characterized. The comprehensive transcript dataset described here greatly increases the genetic information available for spotted scat and contributes valuable sequence resources for functional gene mining and analysis. Candidate transcripts involved in reproduction would make good starting points for future studies on reproductive mechanisms, and the putative sex differentiation-related genes will be helpful for sex-determining gene identification and sex-specific marker isolation. Lastly, the SSRs can serve as marker resources for future research into genetics, marker-assisted selection(MAS) and conservation biology.展开更多
Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is the major input into the chocolate manufacturing industry, particularly the fine or flavor of the indigenous variety Trinitario, which is the hybrid of Crillo and Forastero. One key pro...Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is the major input into the chocolate manufacturing industry, particularly the fine or flavor of the indigenous variety Trinitario, which is the hybrid of Crillo and Forastero. One key problem encountered by researchers is the inability to differentiate the various phenological stages of the cocoa reproductive cycle and to assess or predict the yield. This study sets out to map the various stages of the reproductive biology of cacao and to develop a set of photographic illustrations that appropriately describe the floral biology and development stages of Caribbean free cocoa as a tool for agronomist and farmers. It used a modified version of the codification of the "extended BBCH" scale (Biologische Bundesantalt, Bundessortenamt and Chemische Industrie, Germany), which is a numerical system that differentiates between principal, secondary and tertiary growth stages. The phases and all floral stages to fruit development are described and illustrated in a set of photographs, which can now be used for training and referencing purposes. This is the first attempt to undertake and document this study.展开更多
On Nov 17th,a team of researchers from the Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology(SIBCB),Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences,CAS led by Prof.LI Jinsong reports online in Cell Research a novel te...On Nov 17th,a team of researchers from the Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology(SIBCB),Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences,CAS led by Prof.LI Jinsong reports online in Cell Research a novel technique to induce from mice oocytes haploid embryonic stems cells(haESCs)that can fully replace the reproductive functions of sperms,greatly simplifying the otherwise complicated techniques to produce such stem cells and semi-cloned(SC)mice.It is anticipated that this will further facilitate research in the field of stem cells and embryonic development;展开更多
The differences of bionomics and ecologics of the two populations of Callosobruchus chinensis on mung bean (Vigna radiatus) at six constant temperatures ( 20, 25, 28, 30, 32, 35℃) and 75% r. h. were researched. ANOV...The differences of bionomics and ecologics of the two populations of Callosobruchus chinensis on mung bean (Vigna radiatus) at six constant temperatures ( 20, 25, 28, 30, 32, 35℃) and 75% r. h. were researched. ANOVA showed that temperature affected the developmental period and fertility significantly (P<0.05). T-test indicated there was significant difference of the combined immature stages between the two geographical populations at 25 and 32℃ (P<0.05). The average oviposition between the two geographical populations differed significantly at the same temperature (P<0.05). At 30℃ and 75% r. h., effects of 5 commercially grown legume seeds on development and reproduction of the two geographical populations of Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) were researched. The results showed that broad bean and soybean were more suitable for increase for Xichang population in terms of r m values. The adult weight and diameter of emergency hole of the two populations were also compared. According to the differences in the characteristics of development, reproduction, and damage to host seeds between the two geographical populations, conclusion can be drawn that both are different geographical populations.展开更多
Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is widely adopted as a model organism for a variety of biological studies including development, genetics and neurobiology. Micro-scale microfluidic technology is capable of handlin...Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is widely adopted as a model organism for a variety of biological studies including development, genetics and neurobiology. Micro-scale microfluidic technology is capable of handling single or populations of C. elegans in high throughput format and allows for the precise spatial and temporal control of their environment, which is well suited for the study of worms in different aspects. In this review, we highlight the recent advances in microfluidic technology for the analysis of worms ranging from behavioral studies to neurobiology. We believe that microfluidic device can further be applied to study the different aspects of worms, extending from fundamental investigation of behavioral dynamics to more complicated biological processes including neurochemistry and learning behaviors.展开更多
基金Supported by the China Agriculture Research System(No.CARS-49)the Science and Technology Service Network Initiative of Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘Molluscan shell color has received persistent attention for its distinctive diversity and complexity. In the present study, six transcriptome libraries obtained from two developmental stages, pre-pigmentation and post-pigmentation, were used for paired-end sequencing in the bay scallop Argopecten irradians. In total, 289 839 646 paired-end reads were assembled into 70 929 transcripts. Using BLASTX and BLASTN, 30 896 unigenes were successfully annotated against the SWISS-PROT, NR, and KOG database. Gene ontology annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes classification identified numbers of unigenes involved in biomineralization and pigmentation. Digital gene expression analysis revealed that melanin, trace metal elements and porphyrins are potentially involved in shell coloration of A. irradians.
基金Supported by the National Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China(Nos.41706174,31702326)the Marine Fishery Science and Technology Promotion Projects of Guandong Province(Nos.A201408A06,A201608B01)+3 种基金the 2017 Special Fund for the Development of Marine and Fisheries(No.2017A0012)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2016A030313743)the Project of Provincial Key Platform and Major Scientific Research of Colleges and Universities in Guangdong(No.2015KTSCX058)Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(No.2016LMFS-B12)
文摘Spotted scat( Scatophagus argus) is an economically important farmed fish, particularly in East and Southeast Asia. Because there has been little research on reproductive development and regulation in this species, the lack of a mature artificial reproduction technology remains a barrier for the sustainable development of the aquaculture industry. More genetic and genomic background knowledge is urgently needed for an in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanism of reproductive process and identification of functional genes related to sexual differentiation, gonad maturation and gametogenesis. For these reasons, we performed transcriptomic analysis on spotted scat using a multiple tissue sample mixing strategy. The Illumina RNA sequencing generated 118 510 486 raw reads. After trimming, de novo assembly was performed and yielded 99 888 unigenes with an average length of 905.75 bp. A total of 45 015 unigenes were successfully annotated to the Nr, Swiss-Prot, KOG and KEGG databases. Additionally, 23 783 and 27 183 annotated unigenes were assigned to 56 Gene Ontology(GO) functional groups and 228 KEGG pathways, respectively. Subsequently, 2 474 transcripts associated with reproduction were selected using GO term and KEGG pathway assignments, and a number of reproduction-related genes involved in sex differentiation, gonad development and gametogenesis were identified. Furthermore, 22 279 simple sequence repeat(SSR) loci were discovered and characterized. The comprehensive transcript dataset described here greatly increases the genetic information available for spotted scat and contributes valuable sequence resources for functional gene mining and analysis. Candidate transcripts involved in reproduction would make good starting points for future studies on reproductive mechanisms, and the putative sex differentiation-related genes will be helpful for sex-determining gene identification and sex-specific marker isolation. Lastly, the SSRs can serve as marker resources for future research into genetics, marker-assisted selection(MAS) and conservation biology.
文摘Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is the major input into the chocolate manufacturing industry, particularly the fine or flavor of the indigenous variety Trinitario, which is the hybrid of Crillo and Forastero. One key problem encountered by researchers is the inability to differentiate the various phenological stages of the cocoa reproductive cycle and to assess or predict the yield. This study sets out to map the various stages of the reproductive biology of cacao and to develop a set of photographic illustrations that appropriately describe the floral biology and development stages of Caribbean free cocoa as a tool for agronomist and farmers. It used a modified version of the codification of the "extended BBCH" scale (Biologische Bundesantalt, Bundessortenamt and Chemische Industrie, Germany), which is a numerical system that differentiates between principal, secondary and tertiary growth stages. The phases and all floral stages to fruit development are described and illustrated in a set of photographs, which can now be used for training and referencing purposes. This is the first attempt to undertake and document this study.
文摘On Nov 17th,a team of researchers from the Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology(SIBCB),Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences,CAS led by Prof.LI Jinsong reports online in Cell Research a novel technique to induce from mice oocytes haploid embryonic stems cells(haESCs)that can fully replace the reproductive functions of sperms,greatly simplifying the otherwise complicated techniques to produce such stem cells and semi-cloned(SC)mice.It is anticipated that this will further facilitate research in the field of stem cells and embryonic development;
文摘The differences of bionomics and ecologics of the two populations of Callosobruchus chinensis on mung bean (Vigna radiatus) at six constant temperatures ( 20, 25, 28, 30, 32, 35℃) and 75% r. h. were researched. ANOVA showed that temperature affected the developmental period and fertility significantly (P<0.05). T-test indicated there was significant difference of the combined immature stages between the two geographical populations at 25 and 32℃ (P<0.05). The average oviposition between the two geographical populations differed significantly at the same temperature (P<0.05). At 30℃ and 75% r. h., effects of 5 commercially grown legume seeds on development and reproduction of the two geographical populations of Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) were researched. The results showed that broad bean and soybean were more suitable for increase for Xichang population in terms of r m values. The adult weight and diameter of emergency hole of the two populations were also compared. According to the differences in the characteristics of development, reproduction, and damage to host seeds between the two geographical populations, conclusion can be drawn that both are different geographical populations.
基金supported by the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KJCX2-YW-H18)Instrument Research and Development Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (YZ200908)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11161160552)
文摘Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is widely adopted as a model organism for a variety of biological studies including development, genetics and neurobiology. Micro-scale microfluidic technology is capable of handling single or populations of C. elegans in high throughput format and allows for the precise spatial and temporal control of their environment, which is well suited for the study of worms in different aspects. In this review, we highlight the recent advances in microfluidic technology for the analysis of worms ranging from behavioral studies to neurobiology. We believe that microfluidic device can further be applied to study the different aspects of worms, extending from fundamental investigation of behavioral dynamics to more complicated biological processes including neurochemistry and learning behaviors.