生物态碳-陶瓷基复合材料制备方法的研究现状

近年来,碳-陶瓷基复合材料因其耐高温、低密度、抗腐蚀性能好、热膨胀系数低、性能可设计性强等特点成为研究热点之一,将生物态材料的多孔结构引入陶瓷基体中制备具有生物形态的碳-陶瓷复合材料的研究已引起关注。本文综述了生物态碳-陶瓷基复合材料的多孔结构、制备工艺、性能以及应用前景。强调设计材料微观结构的重要性,并详细介绍了碳-陶瓷基复合材料制备过程中的关键技术——渗透技术,包括:化学气相渗透、熔融渗透、溶胶凝胶渗透、料浆渗透、聚合物前驱体渗透、熔盐渗透六种渗透技术,并对其存在的问题提出解决方案。综述了生物态碳-陶瓷基复合材料压缩强度和断裂强度等性能,对未来的性能研究方向提出建议,指出应测试高温、强酸强碱、冷热交替环境下材料的力学性能。探讨生物态碳-陶瓷基复合材料在航空发动机叶片、汽车尾气净化器、催化剂载体三个方面的潜在应用,概述在复杂成型、较强的力学性能和热稳定性等方面的挑战和实际局限性。最后,对生物形态的碳-陶瓷基复合材料制备工艺的改进、力学性能的研究进行展望,为生物态碳-陶瓷基复合材料的研制和应用提供理论依据和参考。

Microfluidic technology for multiphase emulsions morphology adjustment and functional materials preparation

Multiphase emulsions could be used as templates in considerable fields such as coating, optical materials, stan- dard particles and biomedicine. Among various emulsion forming methods, microfluidic technology, with good monodispersity, high controllability and operation simplicity, has been widely used in the preparation of multi- phase emulsions with different systems. This review would focus on the basic principles of forming multiphase emulsions, the recent progress in controlling multiphase flow in microfluidics, and preparation of functional ma- terials with microfluidics mainly by the authors＇ research group. We believe that the review will contribute to the readers in this prospective area very well. ~ 2016 The Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China, and Chemical Industry Press. All rights reserved.

Evaluation on Gambiered Guangdong Silk's Ecological Properties

To evaluate gambiered Guangdong silk＇s ecology properties, the raw materials ecology, production ecology and use ecology are analyzed; and the safety to human is tested according to GB/T18885 - 2002. Gambiered Guangdong silk is a kind of natural product. All its raw materials are reproducible and degradable natural resources, and it can decompose completely when being discarded. R is comfortable to wear, and easy to clean and dry. It is mainly manufactured by dip-dyeing in dye yam solution, and insolating under the burning sun. The production energy is solar, a kind of clean and reproducible energy. The production process is clean and environmental friendly. There is neither the utilization of synthetic dyestuff and chemical auxiliary, nor the discharge of environment pollutant, and even the dreg of dye yam is used as fuel. The safety test results show that pH value of water extract, heavy metal content （except for Pb content）, color fastness and odor meet the requirements of GB/T18885 - 2002 and Okeo-tex standard 100.

Execution of Measurements for Determining the Parameters Affecting the Thermochemical Treatment of Brine Treated Biomass and the Adsorption of Dyes

Brine is a solution of salt （usually sodium chloride） in water. In different contexts, brine may refer to salt solutions ranging from about 3.5% （a typical concentration of seawater, or the lower end of solutions used for brining foods） up to about 26% （a typical saturated solution, depending on temperature）. Adsorption onto activated carbon is the most widespread technology for the removal of pollutants from water and wastewaters. In this study, continuous fixed-bed-column systems were investigated. The adsorbents which authors use are： spruce （Picea abies） untreated, spruce modified by autohydrolysis. The column systems were filed with biomass at various initial dye concentrations, flow rates and bed-depths. The column kinetics of MB （Methylene Blue） adsorption on spruce （Picea abies） untreated, spruce modified by autohydrolysis was simulated. Economies arise when the facility that can use such adsorption materials is near a source of a lignocellulosic waste as agricultural residues, thus saving transportation cost and contributing to industrial ecology at local level.

Calcium citrate： a new biomaterial that can enhance bone formation in situ

Objective： To investigate the effect of a new biomaterial combining calcium citrate and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 （rhBMP-2） on bone regeneration in a bone defect rabbit model. Methods： Totally 30 male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly and equally divided into calcium citraterhBMP-2 （CC-rhBMP-2） group and rhBMP-2 only group. Two 10 ram-long and 5 ram-deep bone defects were respectively created in the left and right femoral condyles of the rabbits. Subsequently 5 pellets of calcium citrate （10 mg） combined with rhBMP-2 （2 rag） or rhBMP-2 alone were implanted into the bone defects and compressed with cotton swab. Bone granules were obtained at 2, 4 and 6 weeks after procedure and received histological analysis. LSD t-test and a subsequent t-test were adopted for statistical analysis. Results： Histomorphometric analysis revealed newlyformed bones, and calcium citrate has been absorbed in the treatment group. The percent of newly formed bone area in femoral condyle in control group and CC-rhBMP-2 group was respectively 31.73%±1.26% vs 48.21%±2.37% at 2 weeks; 43.40%±1.65% vs 57.32%±1.47% at 4 weeks, and 51.32%±7.80% vs 66.74%±4.05% at 6 weeks （P〈0.05 for all）. At 2 weeks, mature cancellous bone was observed to be already formed in the treatment group. Conclusion： From this study, it can be concluded that calcium citrate combined with rhBMP-2 signifcantly enhances bone regeneration in bone defects. This synthetic gelatin matrix stimulates formation of new bone and bone marrow in the defect areas by releasing calcium ions.