后现代生态整体主义研究——以《寂静的春天》和《白噪音》为例

作为生态后现代主义核心思想的生物整体主义是一种全新的生态理念,其发展有其层次性。本文在分析《寂静的春天》与《白噪音》中生态后现代整体主义从毒物描写到毒物意识,从经济主义到有机整体主义,从人类中心主义到生态整体主义的基础上,突出生态整体主义在其萌芽与发展期的特点以及其对整个文学生态批评发展的重要意义。

概论联合国教科文组织与全球教育治理

联合国机构已成为一类活着的独特人类学现象和文化,对其全球治理的查考和研究应借鉴人类学民族志方法。联合国教科文组织秉承的人文主义理念逐步演变为从生物圈整体观视域审视教育在支持人类追求公共利益中的价值。联合国教科文组织采用柔性理念立法、基于理念共识的软性执法和国际协商共治的治理框架,践行的是政府间共治议会制与人文主义理念引导的类科层制行政组织结构。应从治理主客体关系角度分析联合国教科文组织强势国家治理主体相互制衡的历史流变,分析去国家中心主义的多元治理体格局,由此确定中国平等参与和主动引领全球教育治理的战略决策。

Biological macro-idea and criterion of osteopathic fracture immobilization in China's traditional mongolian medicine

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the biological macro-idea and criterion of osteopathic fracture immobilization in China's traditional Mongolian medicine.METHODS:Based on biological naturalism regarding the relationship between man and universe(including psychosomatic integration) in osteopathic fracture immobilization in China's traditional Mongolian medicine,we used modern physiopsychological and biomechanical principles and methods to investigate the biological macro-characteristics of humanization,behaviorism,and wholism in "dynamic" fixation of fractures.RESULTS:Osteopathic fracture immobilization in China's traditional Mongolian medicine is based on the fixation criterion of macro-idea and method as well as on geometry,mechanics,motion,and stress and psychological stability in "non-sheltered fixation" of fractures contained in the life view of nature,regarding the relationship between man and universe(including psychosomatic integration) and on harmony between the limbs and the whole body,between body and function,and between man and nature.CONCLUSIONS:Osteopathic fracture immobilization in China's traditional Mongolian medicine is fixation without trauma or shelter.The principle and method of whole,dynamic,and functional fixation of fractures is not only radical,but also represents a new direction for developing the principle and method of fracture immobilization.