A experimental study of characteristics of NO reduction by a simulating production gas of biomass gasification was performed in a ceramic flow reactor heated by an electric furnace.The gas was composed of CO,CO2,CH4,H...A experimental study of characteristics of NO reduction by a simulating production gas of biomass gasification was performed in a ceramic flow reactor heated by an electric furnace.The gas was composed of CO,CO2,CH4,H2 and N2,and the temperature used in the experiments ranged from 1 000 ℃ to 1 400 ℃.The influence of the inlet concentration of oxygen(0%～5%),the local equivalence ratio,φ(0.5～2.28),and the reactor temperatures was studied to analyse the characteristics of biomass gasification-reburning.The results indicate that more consumption of reducting agent is needed to increase the NO reduction efficiency in pyrolysis condition.The suitable values of the local equivalence ratio,φ,could make the NO reduction efficiency in oxidation condition higher than that in pyrolysis condition.The local equivalence ratio is an important parameter for NO reduction,and higher NO reduction efficiency can be obtained when φ varies between 0.8 and 1.1.The reduction of NO is favored at high temperatures.展开更多
Reburning was applied to Polish automatic coal-fired retort boiler (25 kW).The use of bio-syngas reduced NOx emissions from the boiler by over 25%,below the significant level of 200 mg/m3 .Reburning was carried out us...Reburning was applied to Polish automatic coal-fired retort boiler (25 kW).The use of bio-syngas reduced NOx emissions from the boiler by over 25%,below the significant level of 200 mg/m3 .Reburning was carried out using an integrated system consisting of the boiler and a fixed-bed 60 kW (GazEla) gasification reactor.The process gas was continuously introduced above the coal burner of the boiler.The process parameters of the boiler and the gasifier were also measured and compared with the other units.Characteristic NOx emissions from automatic and manually operated boilers were also presented.展开更多
US EPA recently issued the final definition for a renewable fuel establishes rule for the revised Renewable Fuel Standard RFS the compliance for each part of its name： （i） to II （Renewable Fuel Standard）. The mai...US EPA recently issued the final definition for a renewable fuel establishes rule for the revised Renewable Fuel Standard RFS the compliance for each part of its name： （i） to II （Renewable Fuel Standard）. The main be a fuel and （ii） to be produced from renewable biomass. This paper addresses the challenges faced by biomass derived fuels on meeting the specifications of those fuels （gasoline, diesel and heating oil）. Biomass-derived products contain oxygenates, some of which might enhance certain fuel specifications, but some others may have deteriorating effects. On directly derived from biomass pyrolysis have been demonstrated to the basis of available data published in the literature, the fuels be far from the concept of ＂substantially similar＂ transportation fuels. Upgrading is required to convert pyrolysis products into fuels that meet specifications. The economical viability of upgrading still faces confirmation, and imposes several technical challenges for truly attractive cost-effective approaches.展开更多
Solar and biomass are both renewable energy resources.Using biomass as fuel is becoming more and more attractive after governments increase the tariff for the electricity from the renewable sources.However the costs o...Solar and biomass are both renewable energy resources.Using biomass as fuel is becoming more and more attractive after governments increase the tariff for the electricity from the renewable sources.However the costs of power from a biomass power generation plant depend greatly on the availability and quality of the biomass resource.The commercialization of solar alone thermal power generation is hindered by its high initial investment and low thermal efficiency.In this paper,a concept of integrating solar into a biomass power generation system is put forward.In the system the oil heated by a parabolic trough solar field is used to replace the extraction steam to preheat the feed water(entering a biomass boiler) and the previous extraction steam thus saved can continue to do work in the lower stages of turbine.The performance of the hybrid system with different replacements is analyzed and compared through two typical solar aided biomass generating units.The results show that the integration not only reduces the consumption of biomass fuel(at the same generation capacity) but is also proved to be an efficient way to convert solar thermal energy into power.The results also show that with the same solar aperture area,the higher the grade of the replaced extraction steam,the better the thermal performance and economy.展开更多
文摘A experimental study of characteristics of NO reduction by a simulating production gas of biomass gasification was performed in a ceramic flow reactor heated by an electric furnace.The gas was composed of CO,CO2,CH4,H2 and N2,and the temperature used in the experiments ranged from 1 000 ℃ to 1 400 ℃.The influence of the inlet concentration of oxygen(0%～5%),the local equivalence ratio,φ(0.5～2.28),and the reactor temperatures was studied to analyse the characteristics of biomass gasification-reburning.The results indicate that more consumption of reducting agent is needed to increase the NO reduction efficiency in pyrolysis condition.The suitable values of the local equivalence ratio,φ,could make the NO reduction efficiency in oxidation condition higher than that in pyrolysis condition.The local equivalence ratio is an important parameter for NO reduction,and higher NO reduction efficiency can be obtained when φ varies between 0.8 and 1.1.The reduction of NO is favored at high temperatures.
基金Projects(DEC-2011/01/B/ST8/07394,DEC-2011/01/D/ST8/07399)supported by the Polish National Centre for Science(NCN)
文摘Reburning was applied to Polish automatic coal-fired retort boiler (25 kW).The use of bio-syngas reduced NOx emissions from the boiler by over 25%,below the significant level of 200 mg/m3 .Reburning was carried out using an integrated system consisting of the boiler and a fixed-bed 60 kW (GazEla) gasification reactor.The process gas was continuously introduced above the coal burner of the boiler.The process parameters of the boiler and the gasifier were also measured and compared with the other units.Characteristic NOx emissions from automatic and manually operated boilers were also presented.
文摘US EPA recently issued the final definition for a renewable fuel establishes rule for the revised Renewable Fuel Standard RFS the compliance for each part of its name： （i） to II （Renewable Fuel Standard）. The main be a fuel and （ii） to be produced from renewable biomass. This paper addresses the challenges faced by biomass derived fuels on meeting the specifications of those fuels （gasoline, diesel and heating oil）. Biomass-derived products contain oxygenates, some of which might enhance certain fuel specifications, but some others may have deteriorating effects. On directly derived from biomass pyrolysis have been demonstrated to the basis of available data published in the literature, the fuels be far from the concept of ＂substantially similar＂ transportation fuels. Upgrading is required to convert pyrolysis products into fuels that meet specifications. The economical viability of upgrading still faces confirmation, and imposes several technical challenges for truly attractive cost-effective approaches.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos 51025624, 51006033)the National Basic Research Program of China ("973" Program) (Grant No 2009CB219801)Foundation of North China Electric Power University
文摘Solar and biomass are both renewable energy resources.Using biomass as fuel is becoming more and more attractive after governments increase the tariff for the electricity from the renewable sources.However the costs of power from a biomass power generation plant depend greatly on the availability and quality of the biomass resource.The commercialization of solar alone thermal power generation is hindered by its high initial investment and low thermal efficiency.In this paper,a concept of integrating solar into a biomass power generation system is put forward.In the system the oil heated by a parabolic trough solar field is used to replace the extraction steam to preheat the feed water(entering a biomass boiler) and the previous extraction steam thus saved can continue to do work in the lower stages of turbine.The performance of the hybrid system with different replacements is analyzed and compared through two typical solar aided biomass generating units.The results show that the integration not only reduces the consumption of biomass fuel(at the same generation capacity) but is also proved to be an efficient way to convert solar thermal energy into power.The results also show that with the same solar aperture area,the higher the grade of the replaced extraction steam,the better the thermal performance and economy.
