In the study, E. sibiricus L. cv. chuancao No. 2 was allocated to plots in a randomized block design with five row gradients （30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 cm）. At the flowering stage, the root, stem, leaf and inflorescence...In the study, E. sibiricus L. cv. chuancao No. 2 was allocated to plots in a randomized block design with five row gradients （30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 cm）. At the flowering stage, the root, stem, leaf and inflorescence of population, as well as the quantitative traits of components, biomass structure, accumulation and distribution proportion of energy were measured and analyzed. For different row spacings, there are highly significant differences between total tillers and ratio of fertile tillers per square meter and significant differences among the eustipes length, eustipes number and natural height of each tiller; but there are no significant differences among the leaf length, leaf width and leaf number of each tiller. A significant difference is found between the depth and distribution range of root, inflorescence stalk, and ear number of fertile tillers, and the biomass of leaf, stem, root and inflorescence. The influenced order is stem 〉 leave 〉 root 〉 inflorescence. No significant influence is found among the energy values of single leaf, stem, root and inflorescence; but a significant influence is found among the energy accumulation of the leaf, stem, root and inflorescence with the effect degree being stem 〉 leaf 〉 inflorescence 〉 root. Significant differences are also found among the energy distribution of each component with the order of leaf〉 stem 〉 inflorescence 〉 root.展开更多
Electrical power supply to communities isolated from urban areas is typically complex and expensive. Their geographical situation and the lack of infrastructure and qualified workforce impede the provision of electric...Electrical power supply to communities isolated from urban areas is typically complex and expensive. Their geographical situation and the lack of infrastructure and qualified workforce impede the provision of electricity. Many are the sources of energy available, but few are appropriate or sustainable. Combustion of diesel fuel is a good technical solution; however, it is neither economic nor environmentally tenable. This paper presents the advantages of using biomass as an energy source, along with its potential increase in efficiency when steam is generated in specific circumstances of temperature and pressure.展开更多
Changes in soil quality of sugarcane plantation as a result of changes in land management can not be measured directly, but must be demonstrated by measuring the change in the properties of the ecosystem as an indicat...Changes in soil quality of sugarcane plantation as a result of changes in land management can not be measured directly, but must be demonstrated by measuring the change in the properties of the ecosystem as an indicator. This research aimed to study the effect of the addition of various quality and quantity of organic matter on soil biology （earthworms） and physical quality （aggregate stability, macroporosity and infiltration rate）. There were i 5 treatment combinations tested. The first factor is the type of organic matter： （1） cattle manure （CM）, （2） filter cake （FC）, （3） sugarcane trash （ST）, （4） a mixture ofCM ＋ FC and （5） a mixture of CM ＋ ST. The second factor is the application dose of organic matter, which consists of three levels-5, l0 and 15 Mg/ha. The treatments were arranged in a factorial randomized block design with three replicates and one control treatment （without organic matter input）. The result of this research showed that the highest population density of earthworms was found in the treatment of ST （78 individuals/m2） and a mixture of CM ＋ ST （84 individuals/m2）. The type of organic matter with C/N ratio ranged from 15.5 to 34.7 and cellulose content in 33.3%-40.1% gave better growth of earthworm. The effect of increase in earthworm growth on soil physical improvement is more apparent in the treatment of mixture of low quality and high quality organic matter. The increase of earthworm density and biomass enhanced soil macroporosity （from r = 0.683 to r = 0.606） and infiltration rate （from r = 0.669 to r = 0.756）. The results of this study suggest a mixture of CM ＋ ST or ST alone as organic matters, which is recommended to improve soil physical and biological quality of sugarcane land, with the dose application ranged from 10 Mg/ha to 15 Mg/ha.展开更多
文摘In the study, E. sibiricus L. cv. chuancao No. 2 was allocated to plots in a randomized block design with five row gradients （30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 cm）. At the flowering stage, the root, stem, leaf and inflorescence of population, as well as the quantitative traits of components, biomass structure, accumulation and distribution proportion of energy were measured and analyzed. For different row spacings, there are highly significant differences between total tillers and ratio of fertile tillers per square meter and significant differences among the eustipes length, eustipes number and natural height of each tiller; but there are no significant differences among the leaf length, leaf width and leaf number of each tiller. A significant difference is found between the depth and distribution range of root, inflorescence stalk, and ear number of fertile tillers, and the biomass of leaf, stem, root and inflorescence. The influenced order is stem 〉 leave 〉 root 〉 inflorescence. No significant influence is found among the energy values of single leaf, stem, root and inflorescence; but a significant influence is found among the energy accumulation of the leaf, stem, root and inflorescence with the effect degree being stem 〉 leaf 〉 inflorescence 〉 root. Significant differences are also found among the energy distribution of each component with the order of leaf〉 stem 〉 inflorescence 〉 root.
文摘Electrical power supply to communities isolated from urban areas is typically complex and expensive. Their geographical situation and the lack of infrastructure and qualified workforce impede the provision of electricity. Many are the sources of energy available, but few are appropriate or sustainable. Combustion of diesel fuel is a good technical solution; however, it is neither economic nor environmentally tenable. This paper presents the advantages of using biomass as an energy source, along with its potential increase in efficiency when steam is generated in specific circumstances of temperature and pressure.
文摘Changes in soil quality of sugarcane plantation as a result of changes in land management can not be measured directly, but must be demonstrated by measuring the change in the properties of the ecosystem as an indicator. This research aimed to study the effect of the addition of various quality and quantity of organic matter on soil biology （earthworms） and physical quality （aggregate stability, macroporosity and infiltration rate）. There were i 5 treatment combinations tested. The first factor is the type of organic matter： （1） cattle manure （CM）, （2） filter cake （FC）, （3） sugarcane trash （ST）, （4） a mixture ofCM ＋ FC and （5） a mixture of CM ＋ ST. The second factor is the application dose of organic matter, which consists of three levels-5, l0 and 15 Mg/ha. The treatments were arranged in a factorial randomized block design with three replicates and one control treatment （without organic matter input）. The result of this research showed that the highest population density of earthworms was found in the treatment of ST （78 individuals/m2） and a mixture of CM ＋ ST （84 individuals/m2）. The type of organic matter with C/N ratio ranged from 15.5 to 34.7 and cellulose content in 33.3%-40.1% gave better growth of earthworm. The effect of increase in earthworm growth on soil physical improvement is more apparent in the treatment of mixture of low quality and high quality organic matter. The increase of earthworm density and biomass enhanced soil macroporosity （from r = 0.683 to r = 0.606） and infiltration rate （from r = 0.669 to r = 0.756）. The results of this study suggest a mixture of CM ＋ ST or ST alone as organic matters, which is recommended to improve soil physical and biological quality of sugarcane land, with the dose application ranged from 10 Mg/ha to 15 Mg/ha.
