100%green carbon foam from the fibrous fruits of Platanus Orientalis-L(Plane)along with the tar oil as binder has been prepared using a powder molding technique.The objective was to develop a porous monolithic carbon ...100%green carbon foam from the fibrous fruits of Platanus Orientalis-L(Plane)along with the tar oil as binder has been prepared using a powder molding technique.The objective was to develop a porous monolithic carbon from biomaterials with a considerable strength necessary for various physical,thermal and electromagnetic shielding applications.Fast carbonization was carried out at1000°C under the cover of Plane tree pyrolyzed seeds without using any external protective gas.For comparative analysis,some samples were mixed with5%(mass fraction)iron chloride during the molding process.Iron chloride being a graphitization catalyst and activating agent helped in increasing the specific surface area from88to294m2/g with a25%decrease in flexural strength.Thermal stability was improved due to the incorporation of more graphitic phases in the sample resulting in a little higher thermal conductivity from0.22to0.67W/(m·K).The catalytic carbon foam exhibited shielding effectiveness of more than20dB over the X-band frequency.Absorption was dominant with only8.26%?10.33%reflectance,indicating an absorption dominant shielding mechanism.The new material is quite suitable for high temperature thermal insulation being lightweight,highly porous with interconnected porous morphology most of which is preserved from the original biomaterial.展开更多
The population which could not access to electricity was around 1.2 billion in 2010 and is distributed in many low developing countries. With the increase in the population and the economic growth in those countries, ...The population which could not access to electricity was around 1.2 billion in 2010 and is distributed in many low developing countries. With the increase in the population and the economic growth in those countries, waste generation is growing rapid especially for the organic and the plastic, and the uncontrolled waste disposal is becoming more serious issues to manage it. The interest on waste to energy is growing by the above drivers. This research was carried out for aiming to the real world adaption at the minimum cost of the pyrolysis oil from waste biomass in a diesel engine, mainly for electricity generation. The proposal of the appropriate adaptable blend ratio was the major scope rather than the optimization of the engine parameters. For the sake of it, the pyrolysis oil of the waste biomass was produced from a gasification pilot plant in Japan and blended with biodiesel at minimum effort. A small single cylinder diesel engine （direct injection） was used for the experiment with regard to full load power-output, exhaust emissions and fuel consumption.展开更多
The district heating company ＂Rigas siltums＂ operates biomass fuelled boiler in Riga city. Three systems consisting ofbiomass boilers having a comparatively similar heat capacity and particle abatement units like mu...The district heating company ＂Rigas siltums＂ operates biomass fuelled boiler in Riga city. Three systems consisting ofbiomass boilers having a comparatively similar heat capacity and particle abatement units like multicyclons, electrostatic precipitators and flue gas condensers are compared. The main goal of the study is to evaluate the boiler plant as a system where solid particles are both emitted and caught. The results show that, the particulate matter can be efficiently trapped from flue gases by the particle abatement technologies, and the electrostatic precipitator with sufficiently large collection surfaces is able to provide appropriate flue gas treatment of the particulate matter in the biomass boilers also without pre-cleaning of the flue gas in multieyelons.展开更多
To prevent CO_2 accumulation in the atmosphere generated from scorching of fossil fuels, carbon capture and sequestration(CCS) technology is considered as a potential route to mitigate the emissions of CO_2 from reach...To prevent CO_2 accumulation in the atmosphere generated from scorching of fossil fuels, carbon capture and sequestration(CCS) technology is considered as a potential route to mitigate the emissions of CO_2 from reaching the atmosphere. Power generation from sources such as gas, coal and biomass can fulfill the energy demand more readily than many other sources of electricity production. Thus these sources may be retained as important alternative option in the global energy cycle. In order to curtail CO_2, porous aramid network was fabricated by the condensation of 1,3,5-benzenetricarbonyl trichloride and 1,3-phenylenediamine in 1,4-dioxane solvent. Aramid was characterized for various analyses including FTIR, XRD, TGA, BET surface area and pore size analysis, FESEM and CO_2 adsorption measurements. Excellent thermal stability was provided by strong amide linkages in the polymer backbone. Optimum CO_2 uptake of aramid was achieved to be 23.14 mg·g^(-1) at 273 K at 0.1 MPa. The basic amide groups of network structure showed greater affinity for CO_2.Excellent thermal stability of aramid makes it a promising sorbent for CO_2 capture in adverse conditions.展开更多
Thailand rice husk ash was used to synthesize zeolite by hydrothermal treatment. Raw rice husk ash material and zeolitic products were characterized in terms of specific surface area （BET method）, morphological anal...Thailand rice husk ash was used to synthesize zeolite by hydrothermal treatment. Raw rice husk ash material and zeolitic products were characterized in terms of specific surface area （BET method）, morphological analysis （SEM）, mineralogical composition （XRD） and CEC （cation exchange capacity）. LOI （Loss of ignition） of rice husk ash was also evaluated. Result indicated that the rice husk ash sample from Roi-Et Green power plant in the Northeastern of Thailand with combustion temperature of 650 ℃ has a high content of SiO2 （above 90 wt.%）. Zeolite-X from rice husk ash with high content of Si was successfully synthesized using hydrothermal treatment. The zeolitic material synthesized with the optimal condition possessed a maximum value of CEC of 503 meq/100g, and it has potentiality to be used as ion exchangers.展开更多
Solar and biomass are both renewable energy resources.Using biomass as fuel is becoming more and more attractive after governments increase the tariff for the electricity from the renewable sources.However the costs o...Solar and biomass are both renewable energy resources.Using biomass as fuel is becoming more and more attractive after governments increase the tariff for the electricity from the renewable sources.However the costs of power from a biomass power generation plant depend greatly on the availability and quality of the biomass resource.The commercialization of solar alone thermal power generation is hindered by its high initial investment and low thermal efficiency.In this paper,a concept of integrating solar into a biomass power generation system is put forward.In the system the oil heated by a parabolic trough solar field is used to replace the extraction steam to preheat the feed water(entering a biomass boiler) and the previous extraction steam thus saved can continue to do work in the lower stages of turbine.The performance of the hybrid system with different replacements is analyzed and compared through two typical solar aided biomass generating units.The results show that the integration not only reduces the consumption of biomass fuel(at the same generation capacity) but is also proved to be an efficient way to convert solar thermal energy into power.The results also show that with the same solar aperture area,the higher the grade of the replaced extraction steam,the better the thermal performance and economy.展开更多
基金Project(CX201627) supported by the Innovation Foundation for Doctor Dissertation of Northwestern Polytechnical University,China
文摘100%green carbon foam from the fibrous fruits of Platanus Orientalis-L(Plane)along with the tar oil as binder has been prepared using a powder molding technique.The objective was to develop a porous monolithic carbon from biomaterials with a considerable strength necessary for various physical,thermal and electromagnetic shielding applications.Fast carbonization was carried out at1000°C under the cover of Plane tree pyrolyzed seeds without using any external protective gas.For comparative analysis,some samples were mixed with5%(mass fraction)iron chloride during the molding process.Iron chloride being a graphitization catalyst and activating agent helped in increasing the specific surface area from88to294m2/g with a25%decrease in flexural strength.Thermal stability was improved due to the incorporation of more graphitic phases in the sample resulting in a little higher thermal conductivity from0.22to0.67W/(m·K).The catalytic carbon foam exhibited shielding effectiveness of more than20dB over the X-band frequency.Absorption was dominant with only8.26%?10.33%reflectance,indicating an absorption dominant shielding mechanism.The new material is quite suitable for high temperature thermal insulation being lightweight,highly porous with interconnected porous morphology most of which is preserved from the original biomaterial.
文摘The population which could not access to electricity was around 1.2 billion in 2010 and is distributed in many low developing countries. With the increase in the population and the economic growth in those countries, waste generation is growing rapid especially for the organic and the plastic, and the uncontrolled waste disposal is becoming more serious issues to manage it. The interest on waste to energy is growing by the above drivers. This research was carried out for aiming to the real world adaption at the minimum cost of the pyrolysis oil from waste biomass in a diesel engine, mainly for electricity generation. The proposal of the appropriate adaptable blend ratio was the major scope rather than the optimization of the engine parameters. For the sake of it, the pyrolysis oil of the waste biomass was produced from a gasification pilot plant in Japan and blended with biodiesel at minimum effort. A small single cylinder diesel engine （direct injection） was used for the experiment with regard to full load power-output, exhaust emissions and fuel consumption.
文摘The district heating company ＂Rigas siltums＂ operates biomass fuelled boiler in Riga city. Three systems consisting ofbiomass boilers having a comparatively similar heat capacity and particle abatement units like multicyclons, electrostatic precipitators and flue gas condensers are compared. The main goal of the study is to evaluate the boiler plant as a system where solid particles are both emitted and caught. The results show that, the particulate matter can be efficiently trapped from flue gases by the particle abatement technologies, and the electrostatic precipitator with sufficiently large collection surfaces is able to provide appropriate flue gas treatment of the particulate matter in the biomass boilers also without pre-cleaning of the flue gas in multieyelons.
文摘To prevent CO_2 accumulation in the atmosphere generated from scorching of fossil fuels, carbon capture and sequestration(CCS) technology is considered as a potential route to mitigate the emissions of CO_2 from reaching the atmosphere. Power generation from sources such as gas, coal and biomass can fulfill the energy demand more readily than many other sources of electricity production. Thus these sources may be retained as important alternative option in the global energy cycle. In order to curtail CO_2, porous aramid network was fabricated by the condensation of 1,3,5-benzenetricarbonyl trichloride and 1,3-phenylenediamine in 1,4-dioxane solvent. Aramid was characterized for various analyses including FTIR, XRD, TGA, BET surface area and pore size analysis, FESEM and CO_2 adsorption measurements. Excellent thermal stability was provided by strong amide linkages in the polymer backbone. Optimum CO_2 uptake of aramid was achieved to be 23.14 mg·g^(-1) at 273 K at 0.1 MPa. The basic amide groups of network structure showed greater affinity for CO_2.Excellent thermal stability of aramid makes it a promising sorbent for CO_2 capture in adverse conditions.
文摘Thailand rice husk ash was used to synthesize zeolite by hydrothermal treatment. Raw rice husk ash material and zeolitic products were characterized in terms of specific surface area （BET method）, morphological analysis （SEM）, mineralogical composition （XRD） and CEC （cation exchange capacity）. LOI （Loss of ignition） of rice husk ash was also evaluated. Result indicated that the rice husk ash sample from Roi-Et Green power plant in the Northeastern of Thailand with combustion temperature of 650 ℃ has a high content of SiO2 （above 90 wt.%）. Zeolite-X from rice husk ash with high content of Si was successfully synthesized using hydrothermal treatment. The zeolitic material synthesized with the optimal condition possessed a maximum value of CEC of 503 meq/100g, and it has potentiality to be used as ion exchangers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos 51025624, 51006033)the National Basic Research Program of China ("973" Program) (Grant No 2009CB219801)Foundation of North China Electric Power University
文摘Solar and biomass are both renewable energy resources.Using biomass as fuel is becoming more and more attractive after governments increase the tariff for the electricity from the renewable sources.However the costs of power from a biomass power generation plant depend greatly on the availability and quality of the biomass resource.The commercialization of solar alone thermal power generation is hindered by its high initial investment and low thermal efficiency.In this paper,a concept of integrating solar into a biomass power generation system is put forward.In the system the oil heated by a parabolic trough solar field is used to replace the extraction steam to preheat the feed water(entering a biomass boiler) and the previous extraction steam thus saved can continue to do work in the lower stages of turbine.The performance of the hybrid system with different replacements is analyzed and compared through two typical solar aided biomass generating units.The results show that the integration not only reduces the consumption of biomass fuel(at the same generation capacity) but is also proved to be an efficient way to convert solar thermal energy into power.The results also show that with the same solar aperture area,the higher the grade of the replaced extraction steam,the better the thermal performance and economy.
