Statistical work and analysis were made based on data of monitored wa- ter quality data in Hedi Reservoir during 2000-2010 and the results show that the content of nutritive salt was higher and water was moderate or l...Statistical work and analysis were made based on data of monitored wa- ter quality data in Hedi Reservoir during 2000-2010 and the results show that the content of nutritive salt was higher and water was moderate or light eutrophication. Based on status quo and practical survey research of the Reservoir, the causes for eutrophication deterioration were analyzed and countermeasures were proposed, providing scientific references for sustainable development of Hedi Reservoir.展开更多
Magnetotactic bacteria are a diverse group of motile prokaryotes that are ubiquitous in aquatic habitats and cosmopolitan in distribution. In this study, we collected magnetotactic bacteria from the Mediterranean Sea....Magnetotactic bacteria are a diverse group of motile prokaryotes that are ubiquitous in aquatic habitats and cosmopolitan in distribution. In this study, we collected magnetotactic bacteria from the Mediterranean Sea. A remarkable diversity of morphotypes was observed, including multicellular types that seemed to differ from those previously found in North and South America. Another interesting organism was one with magnetosomes arranged in a six-stranded bundle which occupied one third of the cell width. The magnetosome bundle was evident even under optic microscopy. These cells were connected together and swam as a linear entire unit. Magnetosomes did not always align up to form a straight linear chain. A chain composed of rectangle magnetosomes bent at a posi- tion with an oval crystal. High resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis of the crystal at the pivotal position suggested uncompleted formation of the crystal. This is the first report of Mediterranean magnetotactic bacteria, which should be useful for studies of biogeochemical cycling and geohistory of the Mediterranean Sea.展开更多
【目的】探讨菊花总黄酮对呼吸道合胞病毒（Respiratory Syncytial Virus，RSV）转染A549细胞诱导激活正常T细胞表达和分泌因子（regulated upon activation，normal T cell expressed and secreted，RANTES）及单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（mon...【目的】探讨菊花总黄酮对呼吸道合胞病毒（Respiratory Syncytial Virus，RSV）转染A549细胞诱导激活正常T细胞表达和分泌因子（regulated upon activation，normal T cell expressed and secreted，RANTES）及单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（monocyte chemotactic protein1，MCP-1）释放作用影响。【方法】实验分为正常对照组，病毒对照组，菊花总黄酮组和巴韦林组。在人喉癌上皮细胞（Hep-2细胞）和气道上皮细胞（A549）分别加入菊花总黄酮和巴韦林的含药维持液，测定上述两种药物的最大无毒浓度；RSV转染Hep-2细胞，观察药物对RSV的病毒抑制作用；RSV转染A549细胞，ELISA法测细胞趋化因子RANTES及MCP-1含量。【结果】菊花总黄酮组50％有效率优于巴韦林组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；菊花总黄酮组RANTES、MCP-1明显降低，但高于正常细胞组，优于巴韦林组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。【结论】菊花总黄酮能够抑制RSV活性，明显降低A549细胞释放RANTES、MCP-1，缓解患儿的呼吸道症状。展开更多
Long-term fishing pressure affects the biological characteristics of exploited fish stocks. The biological characteristics of hairtail(Trichiurus lepturus) in the East China Sea are unable to recover because of long-t...Long-term fishing pressure affects the biological characteristics of exploited fish stocks. The biological characteristics of hairtail(Trichiurus lepturus) in the East China Sea are unable to recover because of long-term trawling. Fishing induces evolutionary effects on the fish's biological characteristics. Evidence of these changes includes small size at age, a shift to earlier age structure, and early maturation. Natural and artificial selection usually affect the fish's life history. Selection can induce different chances of reproduction, and individual fish can give a different genetic contribution to the next generation. In this study, analysis of time-dependent probability of significance and test of sensitivity were used to explore the effects of fish exploitation rate, mesh size, and heritability with long-term trawling. Results showed that fishing parameters were important drivers to exploited fish population. However, genetic traits altered by fishing were slow, and the changes in biological characteristics were weaker than those caused by fishing selection. Exploitation rate and mesh size exhibited similar evolutionary trend tendency under long-term fishing. The time-dependent probability of significance trend showed a gradual growth and tended to be stable. Therefore, the direction of fishing-induced evolution and successful management of fish species require considerable attention to contribute to sustainable fisheries in China.展开更多
Objective: The aim in this study was to identify the allelicfrequencies of the chemokine (SDF1-3'A) and chemokinereceptor (CCR5△32, CCR5m303 and CCR2-64I) genesresistant to HIV-1 infection and/or disease progress...Objective: The aim in this study was to identify the allelicfrequencies of the chemokine (SDF1-3'A) and chemokinereceptor (CCR5△32, CCR5m303 and CCR2-64I) genesresistant to HIV-1 infection and/or disease progression inindigenous Chinese populations. Methods: By using QIAamp DNA Blood Mini Kit, thegenomic DNA samples were purified from whole peripheralblood of healthy individuals (n=2067) from Han, Uygur,Mongolian and Tibetan ethnic groups, as well as Han patientsincluding HIV-1 carriers (n=330), patients with other sexuallytransmitted diseases (STDs, n=259) and intravenous drugusers (IVDUs, n=125). The allelic polymorphisms wereidentified by means of PCR or PCR-RFLP analyses. Thesequences of randomly selected amplified PCR products werefurther confirmed by direct DNA sequencing. Results: The mutant frequencies were identified to be0%～3.48% for CCR5△32, 0% for CCR5m303,19.15%～28.79% for CCR2-64 and 19.10%～28.73% for SDF1-3'A alleles, respectively, in Chinese healthy individuals fromfour ethnic groups. Our findings indicated the allelicfrequencies vary among the different ethnic groups.Furthermore, the HIV-1 carriers, STD cases and IVDUs (all ofHan ethnicity) were found to have the allelic frequencies of0%～0.19% (CCR5△32), 0% (CCR5m303), 19.31%～20.45%(CCR2-64) and 25.61%～26.83% (SDF1-3'A) with minorvariations in their frequencies between the patients andhealthy Han groups. There was no CCR5-m303 mutationfound in any subject in this study. Conclusion: The examined subjects of four Chinese ethnicorigins showed lower frequencies of CCR5△32 andCCR5m303 alleles, but higher frequencies of mutant CCR2-64I and SDF1-3'A alleles compared to those identified innorthern-European and American Caucasians. Thesignificance of the different frequencies and polymorphisms ofthe above alleles in Chinese populations needs to be furtherexamined in HIV-1/AIDS diseases.展开更多
目的研究活动期肺结核和常见肺部鉴别诊断疾病肺炎及原发性肺癌患者的外周血单个核细胞（PBMCs）经结核分枝杆菌特异性抗原肽刺激后干扰素-γ诱导的单核因子（Monokine induced by interferon gamma，MIG）和干扰素-γ（IFN-1）的表达...目的研究活动期肺结核和常见肺部鉴别诊断疾病肺炎及原发性肺癌患者的外周血单个核细胞（PBMCs）经结核分枝杆菌特异性抗原肽刺激后干扰素-γ诱导的单核因子（Monokine induced by interferon gamma，MIG）和干扰素-γ（IFN-1）的表达特点及诊断意义。方法90例初治活动期肺结核患者，31例细菌性肺炎和原发性支气管肺癌患者，分离外周血PBMCs，用结核分枝杆菌特异性抗原肽刺激，采用Flowcytomix流式技术检测细胞培养液上清上中MIG和IFN-γ的表达。用接受者工作特征曲线（ROCcurve）评价结核分枝杆菌特异性抗原反应性MIG和IFN-γ的诊断价值。结果PBMCs经结核分枝杆菌特异性抗原肽刺激后，培养液上清中MIG水平显著升高，初治活动期肺结核患者与其他肺病对照组差异有统计学意义（3023．0pg／mlvs112．5pg／ml，P〈0．0001），与IFN-γ的表达水平呈正相关（r=0．7168，P〈0．0001），单独应用MIG诊断肺结核的敏感性为94．4％，单独应用IFN-γ诊断肺结核的特异性为96．8％，二者并联应用诊断肺结核的敏感性为97．8％，特异性为87．1％。结论结核分枝杆菌特异性抗原肽刺激外周血单个核细胞产生的MIG和IFN-γ能够良好的鉴别初治活动期肺结核及常见的细菌性肺炎和原发性支气管肺癌，可能成为新的诊断指标。展开更多
In nature, a few living organisms such as diatoms, magnetotactic bacteria, and eggs have developed specific mineral structures, which can provide extensive protection or unique functions. However, most organisms do no...In nature, a few living organisms such as diatoms, magnetotactic bacteria, and eggs have developed specific mineral structures, which can provide extensive protection or unique functions. However, most organisms do not have such structured materials due to their lack of biomineralization ability. The artificial introduction of biomimetic-constructed nanominerals is challenging but holds great promise. In this overview, we highlight two typical types of mineral- living complex systems. One involves biological surface-induced nanomaterials, which produces artificial living-mineral core-shell structures such as the mineral- encapsulated yeast, cyanobacteria, bacteria and viruses. The other involves internal nanominerals that could endow organisms with unique structures and properties. The applications of these biomimetic generated nanominerals are further discussed, mainly in four potential areas： storage, protection, ＂stealth＂ and delivery. Since biomineralization combines chemical, nano and biological technologies, we suggest that nanobiomimetic mineralization may open up another window for interdisciplinary research. Specifically, this is a novel material-based biological regulation strategy and the integration of living organisms with functional nanomaterials can create ＂super＂ or intelligent nanoscale living complexes for biotechnological practices.展开更多
Objective： To investigate the antibacterial mechanism of high-mobility group nucleosomal-binding domain 2 （HMGN2） on Escherichia coil K12, focusing on the antibacterial and antibiofilm formation effects. Its chemot...Objective： To investigate the antibacterial mechanism of high-mobility group nucleosomal-binding domain 2 （HMGN2） on Escherichia coil K12, focusing on the antibacterial and antibiofilm formation effects. Its chemotactic activity on human neutrophils was also investigated. Methods： Human tissue-derived HMGN2 （tHMGN2） was extracted from fresh uterus fiber cystadenoma and purified by HPl100 reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography （RP-HPLC）. Recombinant human HMGN2 （rHMGN2） was generated in E. coil DE3 carrying PET-32a- c（＋）-HMGN2. Antibacterial activity of HMGN2 was determined using an agarose diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC） of HMGN2 was determined by the microdilution broth method. Bacterial membrane permeability assay and DNA binding assay were performed. The antibiofilm effect of HMGN2 was investigated using a crystal violet assay and electron microscopy scanning. The activating effect and chemotactic activity of HMGN2 on neutrophils were determined using a nitroblue tetrazolium （NBT） reduction assay and Transwell chamber cell migra- tion assay, respectively. Results： HMGN2 showed a relatively high potency against Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and the MIC of HMGN2 was 16.25 μg/ml. Elevated bacterial membrane permeability was observed in HMGN2-treated E. coil K12. HMGN2 could also bind the bacterial plasmid and genomic DNA in a dose-dependent manner. The antibiofilm effect of HMGN2 on E. coil K12 was confirmed by crystal violet staining and scanning electron microscopy. However, the activating effects and chemotactic effects of HMGN2 on human neutrophils were not observed. Con- clusions： As an antimicrobial peptide （AMP）, HMGN2 possessed a good capacity for antibacterial and antibiofilm activities on E. coil K12. This capacity might be associated with disruption of the bacterial membrane and combination of DNA, which might affect the growth and viability of E. coil.展开更多
基金Supported by Guangdong Natural Science Foundation(8152500002000005)Guangdong Science and Technology Project(2011B030800017)Zhanjiang Normal University Talents Introduction and Undergraduates Innovation Program~~
文摘Statistical work and analysis were made based on data of monitored wa- ter quality data in Hedi Reservoir during 2000-2010 and the results show that the content of nutritive salt was higher and water was moderate or light eutrophication. Based on status quo and practical survey research of the Reservoir, the causes for eutrophication deterioration were analyzed and countermeasures were proposed, providing scientific references for sustainable development of Hedi Reservoir.
文摘Magnetotactic bacteria are a diverse group of motile prokaryotes that are ubiquitous in aquatic habitats and cosmopolitan in distribution. In this study, we collected magnetotactic bacteria from the Mediterranean Sea. A remarkable diversity of morphotypes was observed, including multicellular types that seemed to differ from those previously found in North and South America. Another interesting organism was one with magnetosomes arranged in a six-stranded bundle which occupied one third of the cell width. The magnetosome bundle was evident even under optic microscopy. These cells were connected together and swam as a linear entire unit. Magnetosomes did not always align up to form a straight linear chain. A chain composed of rectangle magnetosomes bent at a posi- tion with an oval crystal. High resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis of the crystal at the pivotal position suggested uncompleted formation of the crystal. This is the first report of Mediterranean magnetotactic bacteria, which should be useful for studies of biogeochemical cycling and geohistory of the Mediterranean Sea.
文摘【目的】探讨菊花总黄酮对呼吸道合胞病毒（Respiratory Syncytial Virus，RSV）转染A549细胞诱导激活正常T细胞表达和分泌因子（regulated upon activation，normal T cell expressed and secreted，RANTES）及单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（monocyte chemotactic protein1，MCP-1）释放作用影响。【方法】实验分为正常对照组，病毒对照组，菊花总黄酮组和巴韦林组。在人喉癌上皮细胞（Hep-2细胞）和气道上皮细胞（A549）分别加入菊花总黄酮和巴韦林的含药维持液，测定上述两种药物的最大无毒浓度；RSV转染Hep-2细胞，观察药物对RSV的病毒抑制作用；RSV转染A549细胞，ELISA法测细胞趋化因子RANTES及MCP-1含量。【结果】菊花总黄酮组50％有效率优于巴韦林组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；菊花总黄酮组RANTES、MCP-1明显降低，但高于正常细胞组，优于巴韦林组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。【结论】菊花总黄酮能够抑制RSV活性，明显降低A549细胞释放RANTES、MCP-1，缓解患儿的呼吸道症状。
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31402 350)Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(No.201203018)
文摘Long-term fishing pressure affects the biological characteristics of exploited fish stocks. The biological characteristics of hairtail(Trichiurus lepturus) in the East China Sea are unable to recover because of long-term trawling. Fishing induces evolutionary effects on the fish's biological characteristics. Evidence of these changes includes small size at age, a shift to earlier age structure, and early maturation. Natural and artificial selection usually affect the fish's life history. Selection can induce different chances of reproduction, and individual fish can give a different genetic contribution to the next generation. In this study, analysis of time-dependent probability of significance and test of sensitivity were used to explore the effects of fish exploitation rate, mesh size, and heritability with long-term trawling. Results showed that fishing parameters were important drivers to exploited fish population. However, genetic traits altered by fishing were slow, and the changes in biological characteristics were weaker than those caused by fishing selection. Exploitation rate and mesh size exhibited similar evolutionary trend tendency under long-term fishing. The time-dependent probability of significance trend showed a gradual growth and tended to be stable. Therefore, the direction of fishing-induced evolution and successful management of fish species require considerable attention to contribute to sustainable fisheries in China.
基金This project was supported by grant from National Natural Sciences Foundation of the PR China(39770683)
文摘Objective: The aim in this study was to identify the allelicfrequencies of the chemokine (SDF1-3'A) and chemokinereceptor (CCR5△32, CCR5m303 and CCR2-64I) genesresistant to HIV-1 infection and/or disease progression inindigenous Chinese populations. Methods: By using QIAamp DNA Blood Mini Kit, thegenomic DNA samples were purified from whole peripheralblood of healthy individuals (n=2067) from Han, Uygur,Mongolian and Tibetan ethnic groups, as well as Han patientsincluding HIV-1 carriers (n=330), patients with other sexuallytransmitted diseases (STDs, n=259) and intravenous drugusers (IVDUs, n=125). The allelic polymorphisms wereidentified by means of PCR or PCR-RFLP analyses. Thesequences of randomly selected amplified PCR products werefurther confirmed by direct DNA sequencing. Results: The mutant frequencies were identified to be0%～3.48% for CCR5△32, 0% for CCR5m303,19.15%～28.79% for CCR2-64 and 19.10%～28.73% for SDF1-3'A alleles, respectively, in Chinese healthy individuals fromfour ethnic groups. Our findings indicated the allelicfrequencies vary among the different ethnic groups.Furthermore, the HIV-1 carriers, STD cases and IVDUs (all ofHan ethnicity) were found to have the allelic frequencies of0%～0.19% (CCR5△32), 0% (CCR5m303), 19.31%～20.45%(CCR2-64) and 25.61%～26.83% (SDF1-3'A) with minorvariations in their frequencies between the patients andhealthy Han groups. There was no CCR5-m303 mutationfound in any subject in this study. Conclusion: The examined subjects of four Chinese ethnicorigins showed lower frequencies of CCR5△32 andCCR5m303 alleles, but higher frequencies of mutant CCR2-64I and SDF1-3'A alleles compared to those identified innorthern-European and American Caucasians. Thesignificance of the different frequencies and polymorphisms ofthe above alleles in Chinese populations needs to be furtherexamined in HIV-1/AIDS diseases.
文摘目的研究活动期肺结核和常见肺部鉴别诊断疾病肺炎及原发性肺癌患者的外周血单个核细胞（PBMCs）经结核分枝杆菌特异性抗原肽刺激后干扰素-γ诱导的单核因子（Monokine induced by interferon gamma，MIG）和干扰素-γ（IFN-1）的表达特点及诊断意义。方法90例初治活动期肺结核患者，31例细菌性肺炎和原发性支气管肺癌患者，分离外周血PBMCs，用结核分枝杆菌特异性抗原肽刺激，采用Flowcytomix流式技术检测细胞培养液上清上中MIG和IFN-γ的表达。用接受者工作特征曲线（ROCcurve）评价结核分枝杆菌特异性抗原反应性MIG和IFN-γ的诊断价值。结果PBMCs经结核分枝杆菌特异性抗原肽刺激后，培养液上清中MIG水平显著升高，初治活动期肺结核患者与其他肺病对照组差异有统计学意义（3023．0pg／mlvs112．5pg／ml，P〈0．0001），与IFN-γ的表达水平呈正相关（r=0．7168，P〈0．0001），单独应用MIG诊断肺结核的敏感性为94．4％，单独应用IFN-γ诊断肺结核的特异性为96．8％，二者并联应用诊断肺结核的敏感性为97．8％，特异性为87．1％。结论结核分枝杆菌特异性抗原肽刺激外周血单个核细胞产生的MIG和IFN-γ能够良好的鉴别初治活动期肺结核及常见的细菌性肺炎和原发性支气管肺癌，可能成为新的诊断指标。
基金The authors greatly thank Xiaoyu Wang, Ben Wang and Wei Xiong for providing editable graphic materials. This study was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China and the Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 91127003）.
文摘In nature, a few living organisms such as diatoms, magnetotactic bacteria, and eggs have developed specific mineral structures, which can provide extensive protection or unique functions. However, most organisms do not have such structured materials due to their lack of biomineralization ability. The artificial introduction of biomimetic-constructed nanominerals is challenging but holds great promise. In this overview, we highlight two typical types of mineral- living complex systems. One involves biological surface-induced nanomaterials, which produces artificial living-mineral core-shell structures such as the mineral- encapsulated yeast, cyanobacteria, bacteria and viruses. The other involves internal nanominerals that could endow organisms with unique structures and properties. The applications of these biomimetic generated nanominerals are further discussed, mainly in four potential areas： storage, protection, ＂stealth＂ and delivery. Since biomineralization combines chemical, nano and biological technologies, we suggest that nanobiomimetic mineralization may open up another window for interdisciplinary research. Specifically, this is a novel material-based biological regulation strategy and the integration of living organisms with functional nanomaterials can create ＂super＂ or intelligent nanoscale living complexes for biotechnological practices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.30470763,81470931,and 31401188)the China Medical Board of New York(No.98-861)the Youth Foundation of Sichuan University(No.2014SCU11042),China
文摘Objective： To investigate the antibacterial mechanism of high-mobility group nucleosomal-binding domain 2 （HMGN2） on Escherichia coil K12, focusing on the antibacterial and antibiofilm formation effects. Its chemotactic activity on human neutrophils was also investigated. Methods： Human tissue-derived HMGN2 （tHMGN2） was extracted from fresh uterus fiber cystadenoma and purified by HPl100 reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography （RP-HPLC）. Recombinant human HMGN2 （rHMGN2） was generated in E. coil DE3 carrying PET-32a- c（＋）-HMGN2. Antibacterial activity of HMGN2 was determined using an agarose diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC） of HMGN2 was determined by the microdilution broth method. Bacterial membrane permeability assay and DNA binding assay were performed. The antibiofilm effect of HMGN2 was investigated using a crystal violet assay and electron microscopy scanning. The activating effect and chemotactic activity of HMGN2 on neutrophils were determined using a nitroblue tetrazolium （NBT） reduction assay and Transwell chamber cell migra- tion assay, respectively. Results： HMGN2 showed a relatively high potency against Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and the MIC of HMGN2 was 16.25 μg/ml. Elevated bacterial membrane permeability was observed in HMGN2-treated E. coil K12. HMGN2 could also bind the bacterial plasmid and genomic DNA in a dose-dependent manner. The antibiofilm effect of HMGN2 on E. coil K12 was confirmed by crystal violet staining and scanning electron microscopy. However, the activating effects and chemotactic effects of HMGN2 on human neutrophils were not observed. Con- clusions： As an antimicrobial peptide （AMP）, HMGN2 possessed a good capacity for antibacterial and antibiofilm activities on E. coil K12. This capacity might be associated with disruption of the bacterial membrane and combination of DNA, which might affect the growth and viability of E. coil.
