菹草生物量控制对群落中沉水植物生长及水质的影响

沉生植物对维护和提高湖泊生态系统的生物多样性和稳定性，控制湖泊富营养化具有重要生态价值。对于可在水面形成致密冠层的沉水植物，生物量过大时可能会对水体功能产生不利的影响。实验通过对菹草（Potamogeton crispus）＋金鱼藻（Ceratophyllum demersum）群落中菹草在春季暴发时采取不同菹草收割强度（100%、80%、60%、40%、20%和0%的收割）进行生物量控制。每种收割处理均在底泥厚度为15 cm，水深为110 cm独立实验池中（4 m长x2 m宽x2.5 m深）进行。实验研究生物量调控对冬季种菹草与春季种金鱼藻交替及水质的影响，探讨群落中菹草的最佳生物量控制强度，为草型湖泊进行沉水植物生态管理提供依据。结果表明：在40%、20%和0%（未收割）菹草收割强度处理下菹草容易产生断枝并且整株上浮，更高强度的收割减小了植株受到的浮力，促进了群落中菹草和金鱼藻的生长，并延长了菹草的生命周期，推迟了菹草的上浮时间。菹草遮光效应在一定程度上促进了金鱼藻的生长，中等偏高强度的菹草收割使得菹草和金鱼藻均处在较高的生物量水平，维持了群落的稳定性。在菹草生长期对其进行60%-80%收割可维持水体营养盐在较低的水平，并能实现冬季种沉水植物菹草与春季种沉水植物金鱼藻在群落中有效交替，可缓解存留菹草衰亡给水质带来的不利影响，强化沉水植物群落的水质净化功能。

苗草专用型大麦品种鉴定及全基因组关联分析

苗草工厂为实现草食动物的饲草周年供应提供了新的解决方案。针对苗草生产的品种需求,本研究对124份中国大麦育成品种(系)与种质开展了苗草转化率鉴定和生物量调控位点发掘。结果显示,大麦种子萌动后,水培条件下苗草生物量呈指数增长趋势并在7 d后进入平台期。在植物工厂条件下,鉴定出冬青16、扎青6号等10个高苗草转化率品种且分析发现苗草生物量与籽粒千粒重呈一定的负相关。进一步通过全基因组关联分析,共鉴定到12个苗草生物量相关QTL位点,从中预测出8个调控苗草生物量的候选基因。本研究不仅为大麦苗草工厂化生产筛选出高转化率品种,同时也为苗草专用型大麦品种的遗传改良奠定了基础。

Regulation of Anthocyanin during Storage Root Development Stage in Sweet Potato(Ipomoea batatas(L.) Lam.)

Anthocyanin accumulation during storage root development in purple-fleshed sweet potato was analyzed by detection of anthocyanin concentration, accumulation rate and the expression pattern of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Anthocyanin concentration in sweet potato cvs Jishu 18 and Ayamurasaki increased steadily during storage root development stage. The accumulation rate in two genotypes peaked at 50 to 65 d after transplanting, and then declined rapidly. During storage root development of Ayamurasaki, the anthocyanin biosynthesis gene, IbCHS, was constitutively expressed, the genes IbF3H, IbDFR, IbANS were induced steadily, reaching a maximum at the later stage of root thickening, and IbPAL steadily decreased. Therefore, the mechanism of anthocyanin accumulation differed between the two cultivars, and anthocyanin biosynthesis was regulated through regulation of its synthetic enzymes.

Unexpected Roles of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Biology

Recent studies show that long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs) play important roles in the regulation of various biological processes, including chromatin remodeling, dosage-compensation, imprinting, and epigenetic regulation. Aberrant expression of lncRNAs is involved in many complex human diseases, including cancer. In this review, we summarized recent progress on lncRNAs detection methodology with emphasis on their functions and potential implication in cancer diagnosis and therapy.