木霉菌（Trichoderma spp.）是土壤内普遍存在的习居菌,具有多种生物防治功能,其中诱导植物免疫反应是重要的生物防治功能之一[1]。木霉菌Sm1蛋白（small one protein）是从绿木霉（Trichoderma virens）中分离得到的一种低分子量、富...木霉菌（Trichoderma spp.）是土壤内普遍存在的习居菌,具有多种生物防治功能,其中诱导植物免疫反应是重要的生物防治功能之一[1]。木霉菌Sm1蛋白（small one protein）是从绿木霉（Trichoderma virens）中分离得到的一种低分子量、富含半胱氨酸的疏水性蛋白,属于蛋白类激发子,与Cerato-platanin基因家族有很高的同源性,具有诱导植物免疫抗性的作用[2]。展开更多
The predatory behavior and functional response of all larval stages and adults of Nephaspis oculatus (Blatchley), a predacious coccinellid, on various egg densities of Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perrin...The predatory behavior and functional response of all larval stages and adults of Nephaspis oculatus (Blatchley), a predacious coccinellid, on various egg densities of Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring, and prey preference of adult N. oculatus, were studied in the laboratory. Daily consumption of eggs of B. argentifolii by N. oculatus was evaluated at six different densities to obtain functional response curves for all active stages of the coccinellid. Bemisia argentifolii eggs were offered to N. oculatus on collard leaf disks in Petri dish arenas over a 24\|h period at 26 7 2℃ and a photoperiod of 14∶10 (L∶D) h. Linear relationships were observed between percentage prey consumed and prey density, with r 2 values between 0 82-0 99 for all stages except for the fourth instar that had a smaller r 2 value (0 64). Functional response curves of prey consumption by N. oculatus against density of B. argentifolii eggs fitted the type II model of Holling's disc equation for all larval stages and both the male and female adults. Adult females consumed more prey than adult males. The maximum theoretical number of prey consumed per day increased with larval development. The fourth instar was the most effective larval predator, followed by the third instar, the second instar, and finally, the first instar. Based on the functional response parameters, a maximum of 321, 312, 237, 229, 73, and 34 B. argentifolii eggs could be attacked by an adult female, a fourth instar, an adult male, a third instar, a second instar, and a first instar of N. oculatus, respectively. Nephaspis oculatus adults strongly preferred collard to tomato, soybean, eggplant or sweetpotato for oviposition and foraging. Nephaspis oculatus did not deposit any eggs on soybean and tomato.展开更多
文摘木霉菌（Trichoderma spp.）是土壤内普遍存在的习居菌,具有多种生物防治功能,其中诱导植物免疫反应是重要的生物防治功能之一[1]。木霉菌Sm1蛋白（small one protein）是从绿木霉（Trichoderma virens）中分离得到的一种低分子量、富含半胱氨酸的疏水性蛋白,属于蛋白类激发子,与Cerato-platanin基因家族有很高的同源性,具有诱导植物免疫抗性的作用[2]。
文摘The predatory behavior and functional response of all larval stages and adults of Nephaspis oculatus (Blatchley), a predacious coccinellid, on various egg densities of Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring, and prey preference of adult N. oculatus, were studied in the laboratory. Daily consumption of eggs of B. argentifolii by N. oculatus was evaluated at six different densities to obtain functional response curves for all active stages of the coccinellid. Bemisia argentifolii eggs were offered to N. oculatus on collard leaf disks in Petri dish arenas over a 24\|h period at 26 7 2℃ and a photoperiod of 14∶10 (L∶D) h. Linear relationships were observed between percentage prey consumed and prey density, with r 2 values between 0 82-0 99 for all stages except for the fourth instar that had a smaller r 2 value (0 64). Functional response curves of prey consumption by N. oculatus against density of B. argentifolii eggs fitted the type II model of Holling's disc equation for all larval stages and both the male and female adults. Adult females consumed more prey than adult males. The maximum theoretical number of prey consumed per day increased with larval development. The fourth instar was the most effective larval predator, followed by the third instar, the second instar, and finally, the first instar. Based on the functional response parameters, a maximum of 321, 312, 237, 229, 73, and 34 B. argentifolii eggs could be attacked by an adult female, a fourth instar, an adult male, a third instar, a second instar, and a first instar of N. oculatus, respectively. Nephaspis oculatus adults strongly preferred collard to tomato, soybean, eggplant or sweetpotato for oviposition and foraging. Nephaspis oculatus did not deposit any eggs on soybean and tomato.
