基于可调证明滤波器的球团矿生球图像裂缝检测方法

球团矿生球制造是炼钢工业中的重要环节,而裂缝检测是生球质量指标(落下强度)检测中的关键步骤。目前生球裂缝检测仍采用人工目测,效率低且检测结果具有主观性,而现有的基于图像处理的裂缝自动检测方法主要针对桥梁、道路、太阳能电池等物体的平直表面上的裂缝,对生球这种小目标曲面上的裂缝检测能力有限,且难以克服生球图像中原材料污渍、生球边缘轮廓、球面反光等多种噪声的干扰,易造成裂缝的误检与漏检。针对这一问题,提出一种基于可调证明滤波器(SEF)的球团矿生球图像裂缝检测方法。首先,针对图像背景中存在的原材料污渍与碎屑干扰,采用主动轮廓模型从图像中分割出感兴趣区域(AOI);然后,针对生球边缘轮廓和球面反光造成的干扰,采用可调证明滤波器生成生球裂缝响应图,实现AOI图像粗分割;接着,利用形态学处理与连通域分析法消除粗分割图像中的生球边缘及噪声点,获得精确的分割结果;最后,采用连通域分析法检测生球是否存在裂缝,并计算出裂缝条数。为验证所提出的方法,搭建了生球图像实验采集平台,采集了约300张具有不同背景和裂缝数量的生球图像。实验结果表明,与现有的5种裂缝检测方法相比,本文方法在裂缝分割准确率、精确率、加权调和平均评价指标上均具有明显优势,检测生球是否存在裂缝的准确率为96%,检测裂缝数量的准确率为90%。本文研究成果为生球落下强度质量指标的自动化、智能化检测奠定了基础。

铁精矿免烧结生产混合料高炉炼铁法

本法取消了铁精矿的热加工工序,免烧结,把铁精矿制成生散状料和生球团矿直接入高炉炼铁,取得了可喜成果,并提出适用范围及实施方案,对经济效益进行评估。

Mathematical models and expert system for grate-kiln process of iron ore oxide pellet production.Part Ⅱ:Rotary kiln process control

Rotary kiln process for iron ore oxide pellet production is hard to detect and control.Construction of one-dimensional model of temperature field in rotary kiln was described.And the results lay a solid foundation for online control.Establishment of kiln process control expert system was presented,with maximum temperature of pellet and gas temperature at the feed end as control cores,and interval estimate as control strategy.Software was developed and put into application in a pellet plant.The results show that control guidance of this system is accurate and effective.After production application for nearly one year,the compressive strength and first grade rate of pellet are increased by 86 N and 2.54%,respectively,while FeO content is 0.05% lowered.This system can reveal detailed information of real time kiln process,and provide a powerful tool for online control of pellet production.

Influence of Increasing Shares of Miscanthus on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Pellets Produced in an Industrial Softwood Pellets Plant

It has been possible to pelletize wood Miscanthus mixtures （12.5%, 25% and 50%） without modifying production process settings of a softwood pellets plant. Pure Miscanthus material tested in the same conditions has led to unstable production, mainly explained by hammermill overfeeding. The unstable production has been identified as the main responsible factor of the low quality of pellets produced with pure Miscanthus for these trials. The produced pellets were tested in a 25 kW boiler and compared with agro-pellets of various origins： winter barley straw, rapeseed straw, reed, old hay, Miscanthus, and wood pellets. Results gained during these combustion trials allowed to describe combustion of these uncommon fuels and to characterize its emissions. The trials confirm general characteristics of agricultural fuel combustion： influence of the ash content on the gross calorific value, influence of the N content in the fuel on the NOx emissions, influence on the alkali content on the C12 emissions. But the influence of known parameter （S. alkali and earth alkali content） on SO2 emission might not be highlighted, while a relation with the fuel moisture content could be considered.

生料混装高炉炼铁法生产实践

传统的高炉炼铁法,是将铁精矿制成烧结矿或球团矿入高炉炼铁。本法取消铁精矿的烧结工序,将铁精矿制成和散状料或生球团矿直接入高炉炼铁,烧结和冶炼同时在高炉内进行,相当于球团竖炉与高炉合二为一,简化了高炉生产工序。例如:生散状料在100m^3高炉生产中应用,生球团矿在50m^3高炉和20m^3高炉生产中应用,高炉炉况稳定顺行。获得很好的经济效益,生产技术经济指标见表1。计算结果表明,采用本法炼铁。