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超临界水氧化处理潜艇生活、生理垃圾Ⅰ:实验研究 被引量:1
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作者 谌世英 曲旋 +1 位作者 张荣 毕继诚 《环境工程》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2015年第S1期221-224,共4页
超临界水氧化技术被认为是处理密闭系统垃圾最有效的方法之一。本文采用超临界水氧化处理生活垃圾和生理垃圾,以期为超临界水氧化技术应用于潜艇废物处理提供基础数据。实验结果表明在压力为24 MPa,供氧量100%,温度分别为540℃和580℃,... 超临界水氧化技术被认为是处理密闭系统垃圾最有效的方法之一。本文采用超临界水氧化处理生活垃圾和生理垃圾,以期为超临界水氧化技术应用于潜艇废物处理提供基础数据。实验结果表明在压力为24 MPa,供氧量100%,温度分别为540℃和580℃,停留时间分别为40 s和60 s时,生活垃圾和生理垃圾中有机碳(TOC)和有机氮(TN)去除率达到了99.95%。生活垃圾处理后的出水经过简单净化后可达到国家饮用水标准,生理垃圾处理后的出水达到了城市污水再生利用-城市杂用水水质标准。 展开更多
关键词 超临界水氧化 潜艇 生活垃圾 生理垃圾 废物处理
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Design concept for the solid waste landfill site:a case study of Chuzhou City,China 被引量:2
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作者 Wu Wentao 《Ecological Economy》 2006年第4期442-448,共7页
This paper introduces landfill site of Chuzhou domestic waste, to which the improved anaerobic hygienic burying technology is applied. Chuzhou City, situated between Yangtze River and Huai River, is a window city in t... This paper introduces landfill site of Chuzhou domestic waste, to which the improved anaerobic hygienic burying technology is applied. Chuzhou City, situated between Yangtze River and Huai River, is a window city in the east of Anhui Province. A landfill site with a capacity of 400 ton per day is to be constructed according to the city development plan and the garbage amount, This paper summarizes the landfill location, landform, groundwater, surface water, landfill stratal configuration, dominant wind, and the major machinery equipment. The projects of anti-percolation, seepage collection, seepage disposal, rainwater discharge, biogas diversion are deeply studied. The advanced design principle of the landfills is summarized, which is environment-friendly, science-oriented and economy-based. Environment-friendly principle is implemented in the selection of landfill location, construction of all projects, sealing up project and perfecting environment monitoring system; science-oriented principle prescribes that the design, construction, and management should be science-oriented; the selection of landfill location, design, plan optimization, resource-saving measures and comprehensive utilization should be economy-based Chuzhou domestic waste landfill site is qualified as a goiden model in this paper. 展开更多
关键词 Domestic waste Landfill site Design principle
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Influence of temperature on production of lactic acid from kitchen garbage 被引量:3
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作者 汪群慧 徐忠 +2 位作者 孟令辉 孙晓红 王旭明 《Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series)》 EI CAS 2003年第2期195-199,共5页
The production of lactic acid from kitchen garbage, the precursor for production of biodegradable plastics is described in detail. The influence of temperature on the lactic acid concentration, sugar concentration, an... The production of lactic acid from kitchen garbage, the precursor for production of biodegradable plastics is described in detail. The influence of temperature on the lactic acid concentration, sugar concentration, and decrement of garbage were evaluated through experiments. Fermentation were carried out in an incubator at 5, 25, 37 and 50 ℃. The latic acid produced was maximum at initial pH 6.0 and 37 ℃, i.e. 38 g/L with a yield of 0.23 g/gVS. It is concluded from the experimental results that temperature has quite a considerable effect on the production of lactic acid; lactic acid concentration increases with temperature until 37 ℃, and production rate of lactic acid drops at 50 ℃; the optimal fermentation is 37 ℃. This study shows that production of lactic acid from kitchen garbage is feasible and reduction of garbage can be realized. 展开更多
关键词 lactic acid garbage treatment biodegradable plastics kitchen garbage
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Environmental Protection of Biodiversity in Macedonia and Albania under Legal Analysis View 被引量:1
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作者 Ismail Zejneli Alba Dumi 《Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B)》 2016年第3期153-160,共8页
Environmental problems in the Republic of Macedonia and Albania are similar in other countries in the region. Numerous problems and deficiencies identified through different projects. The studies and planning document... Environmental problems in the Republic of Macedonia and Albania are similar in other countries in the region. Numerous problems and deficiencies identified through different projects. The studies and planning documents are evident for environmental media and areas. Such as lack of regional integrated systems for municipal solid waste management. The system for special waste types management, including hazardous waste, insufficient coverage of populated places and municipalities by wastewater collection and treatment systems (especially in agglomerations above 10,000 populations). The need to establish integrated river basin management is in accordance with the new law on waters, air pollution with different intensity in different parts of the country. This paper presents the imperative reforms to protect the natural resources and biodiversity in the countries. 展开更多
关键词 Analyze of pollution natural environment water resources protection plant and legal reforms.
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Sustainable Solutions for Municipal Solid Waste Management in Thailand
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作者 Thaniya Kaosol 《Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture》 2010年第3期57-65,共9页
General as well as the municipal solid waste (MSW) management in Thailand is reviewed in this paper. Topics include the MSW generation, sources, composition and trends. The review, then, moves to sustainable solutio... General as well as the municipal solid waste (MSW) management in Thailand is reviewed in this paper. Topics include the MSW generation, sources, composition and trends. The review, then, moves to sustainable solutions for MSW management and sustainable alternative approaches with an emphasis on an integrated MSW management. Information of waste in Thailand is also given at the beginning of this paper for better understanding of later contents. It is clear that no one single method of MSW disposal can deal with all materials in an environmentally sustainable way. As such, a suitable approach in MSW management should be an integrated approach that could deliver both environmental and economic sustainability. With increasing environmental concerns, the integrated MSW management system has a potential to maximize the useable waste materials as well as produce energy as a by-product. In Thailand, the compositions of waste (86%) are mainly organic waste, paper, plastic, glass and metal. As a result, the waste in Thailand is suitable for an integrated MSW management. Currently, the Thai national waste management policy starts to encourage the local administrations to gather into clusters, to establish central MSW disposal facilities with suitable technologies and reducing the disposal cost based on the amount of MSW generated. 展开更多
关键词 MSW MANAGEMENT SUSTAINABLE Thailand.
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Optimization on Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Sugarcane Trash for Ethanol Production
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作者 Teerapatr Srinorakutara Suthkamol Suttikul +2 位作者 Ekarat Butivate Vishnu Panphan Nassapat Boonvitthya 《Journal of Food Science and Engineering》 2014年第3期148-154,共7页
The present study was conducted for the optimization of pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass (sugarcane trash), which is a renewable resource for the production of bioethanol. The pretrea... The present study was conducted for the optimization of pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass (sugarcane trash), which is a renewable resource for the production of bioethanol. The pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis conditions including alkali (NaOH)/dilute acid (H2SO4), substrate and chemical concentration for pretreatment, enzyme dosage, pH, temperature and substrate concentration for hydrolysis were varied and evaluated for sugar and ethanol production at the end. The optimum condition was accomplished using 15% w/v DS of 0-2 mm sugarcane trash in size of particle. It was pretreated with two steps of 2% w/v NaOH autoclaving followed by 2% w/v H2SO4 autoclaving with washing step after pretreatment. An enzymatic hydrolysis was then performed using 15% w/v DS pretreated substrate, hydrolyzed with cellulase 50 filter paper unit (FPU)/g DS at 50 ℃ and pH 5. After incubating at 160 r for 48 h, 117.16 g/L reducing sugar was obtained. The achieved sugar after enzymatic hydrolysis was finally fermented to ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae TISTR 5596, with concentration of 48.17 g/L ethanol or yield 0.509 g/g reducing sugars which was equal to 99.81% of theoretical yield. 展开更多
关键词 Cellulosic biomass pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis sugarcane trash ethanol production.
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Energy Recovery from MSW Treatment by Gasification and Melting Technology
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作者 Fabrizio Strobino Alessandro Pini Prato +1 位作者 Diego Ventura Marco Damonte 《Journal of Energy and Power Engineering》 2013年第5期805-817,共13页
The increase of waste production, joined to the difficulties concerning both the identification of new disposal sites and the construction of big conventional incinerators, led in recent years to the development of ne... The increase of waste production, joined to the difficulties concerning both the identification of new disposal sites and the construction of big conventional incinerators, led in recent years to the development of new technologies for waste management such as gasification and melting treatments. The possibility to introduce in the Italian context the DMS (direct melting system) technology, designed and manufactured by Nippon Steel Engineering Co. Ltd., has been taken into account for the scope of proposed work. DMS technology consists in MSW gasification, slags melting and combustion of the syngas produced, with the consequent generation of electric energy through a steam cycle. The system minimizes environmental impact, thanks to an effective recycling of useful resources such as inert melted slags and metals, featuring high flexibility in terms of treatment capacity due to its modular design. The aim of this article is to consider different plant configurations in order to optimize the energy recovery downstream the DMS module. As a case study, landfill gas exploitation integrated in the DMS plant will be considered as a typical situation that could occur in the Italian scenario. The energetic input provided by the biogas allows improving the thermo-economic performances according to market incentives. 展开更多
关键词 DMS GASIFICATION landfill gas MELTING municipal solid waste recycling slag.
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Geo-information Technologies for Decision Issues of Municipal Solid Waste
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作者 Oleksandr Trofymchuk Vasil Trysnyuk Natalia Novokhatska Igor Radchuk 《Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A)》 2014年第3期183-187,共5页
The article reveals the potential of information technology in decision issues of municipal solid waste. The technique proposed for definition of ecological and technical potential for ecological optimization of the t... The article reveals the potential of information technology in decision issues of municipal solid waste. The technique proposed for definition of ecological and technical potential for ecological optimization of the territory for the purpose of efficient decision-making in the environmental field. Studies are based on the information capacity usage and implementation of geographic information technologies in combination with the methods of remote sensing of the earth. On this basis, the authors have developed mechanisms that will overcome the existing environmental and technical challenges--economic, political and human capital. 展开更多
关键词 Solid waste place waste environmental security environmental monitoring natural and manmade threats.
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