基于疲劳生理定义的驾驶疲劳复杂度判断

疲劳驾驶很容易造成道路交通事故,如果能够提早预警就非常有意义。基于人体疲劳机制以及系统性,提出视觉-眼动等效模型观察模拟眼动轨迹的仿真数据复杂度,提出一种基于相空间重构方法的疲劳驾驶的评价指标和疲劳程度分级标准,为疲劳检测的实际应用提供一种新的方法和理论依据,为更加早期的疲劳预警指明方向。

Definitions and progress of ecosystem health and ecological security

Along with industrial development, adverse impacts on the natural environment become more serious, and the states of ecosystem health and ecological security have also deteriorated. As the basic needs for human survival, ecosystem health and ecological security possess very important meanings. Therefore, ecosystem health and ecological security have become research hot topics in recent decades. This paper reviewed the developments of definitions and applications of ecosystem health and ecological security, and found that the research on ecosystem health had achieved a lot. However, the research on ecological security was still relatively undeveloped. Moreover, there are also some confusion between the concepts of ecosystem health and ecological security. We consider that ecosystem health indicates the status of the ecosystem in normal conditions, whereas, ecological security indicates the capabilities of an ecosystem to react to external accidents or extremely adverse effects. An ecosystem which is healthy does not mean that it is secure. However, the ecological security requires an ecosystem to possess the capacity for integrity against any risk, and ecosystem health is the precondition to ecological security.

极早产儿生理性支气管肺发育不良的发病率及短期预后

目的研究极早产儿生理性支气管肺发育不良（BPD）的发病率及短期预后。方法前瞻性调查2011年3月至2012年2月在广东省人民医院出生、胎龄≤32周早产儿BPD的发病情况。对纠正胎龄36周的早产儿进行撤氧试验。未通过试验者诊断为生理性BPD，通过试验者不诊断BPD。在评估时间点，机械通气患儿直接诊断生理性BPD，未吸氧者不诊断BPD。同时，调查这些早产儿住院期间相关并发症或死亡发生情况。结果研究期间，共纳入66例胎龄≤32周的早产儿，其中6例患儿入院时纠正胎龄已经超过36周，被剔除。60例患儿中，18例（30．0％）吸氧时间超过28d，其中4例在评估时无需吸氧，13例需吸氧，1例需要呼吸机辅助通气。13例进行撤氧试验的早产儿中6例成功撤氧。8例（13．3％）被诊断为生理性BPD。撤氧期间，呼吸暂停、心动过缓等并发症的发生率无明显增加。患儿均存活至出院，出院时元吸氧患儿。结论生理性BPD的发病率明显低于传统BPD。设定严格血氧饱和度标准的撤氧试验能降低吸氧患儿的数量，且未增加不良反应的发生率。生理性BPD患儿的长期预后尚需进一步研究。