The profitability of broiler chicken production depends on many interrelated factors, such as the size of the farm, farming system, the genetic potential, feed price and the quality of chicken meat obtained as a final...The profitability of broiler chicken production depends on many interrelated factors, such as the size of the farm, farming system, the genetic potential, feed price and the quality of chicken meat obtained as a final product, e.g., meat, and a strategy of their sales on the domestic and foreign market. Economic analysis were conducted in randomly selected farms growing commercial broilers, from April 2008 to March 2013 （28 cycles all together）, at the same time in three buildings, with 46 thousands to 54 thousands one-day chickens. In the analyzed period, broilers were reared for 35-50 d. The average slaughter body mass ranged from 2.36 kg to 2.99 kg with feed conversion ratio （FCR） 1.68 kg of feed/kg of body weight gain to 1.78 kg of feed/kg of body weight gain. Stock mortality at that time ranged from 3.5% to 6.4%. On the basis of macroeconomic data, a clear relationship between the increase in the period particularly from 2004 onwards, prices of feed 33.6% and the purchase price of livestock 22.5% in the case of the evaluated farms were found. These values were 27.9% and 31.7%, respectively. From the analysis of the relationship between different types of broiler production costs, it was concluded that the main determinant of the profitability of live poultry production was the cost of feed and first of all was the prices of feed. This means that the boom in live poultry production is variable, resulting in consequences for production and income.展开更多
Poultry and eggs are nutritious and healthy foods that contain high-quality proteins and low levels of fat compared with other meats. Recent studies have shown that poultry performance is closely associated with colon...Poultry and eggs are nutritious and healthy foods that contain high-quality proteins and low levels of fat compared with other meats. Recent studies have shown that poultry performance is closely associated with colonic health. Antibiotics are commonly used in the poultry industry to control diseases and enhance survival rates. However, antibiotic use can also result in host gut dysbiosis and immune dysregulation. Such imbalances compromise poultry health and growth performance. Thus, our study investigated the effect of Lactobacillus(L.) plantarum P-8 on the gut microbiome of chickens co-inoculated with the antibiotic lincomycin. Principal coordinate analysis showed that L. plantarum P-8 treatment shifted the faecal bacterial population structure. At the metagenomic level, the Clusters of Orthologous Groups(COGs) functional categories of P, C, N and A were overrepresented in the probiotic group. Additionally, the relative gene abundances of metabolic pathways involved in flagellar assembly,bacterial chemotaxis, nitrogen metabolism, sulfur metabolism, cofactor and vitamin biosynthesis were also higher in the probiotic group than the control; in contrast genes related to galactose degradation,carbon fixation, multiple sugar transport systems and ribosomes were underrepresented in the probiotic group. Our data suggest that feeding L. plantarum P-8 has the potential to improve metabolic activity and nutrient utilization of poultry. Furthermore, the faecal antibiotic resistomes of the two groups could be separated using principal components analysis, indicating that the probiotic treatment may modulate the intestinal antibiotic resistance gene pool by changing the population structure of the gut microbiota.This study has provided interesting insights into the application of probiotics in the poultry industry.展开更多
文摘The profitability of broiler chicken production depends on many interrelated factors, such as the size of the farm, farming system, the genetic potential, feed price and the quality of chicken meat obtained as a final product, e.g., meat, and a strategy of their sales on the domestic and foreign market. Economic analysis were conducted in randomly selected farms growing commercial broilers, from April 2008 to March 2013 （28 cycles all together）, at the same time in three buildings, with 46 thousands to 54 thousands one-day chickens. In the analyzed period, broilers were reared for 35-50 d. The average slaughter body mass ranged from 2.36 kg to 2.99 kg with feed conversion ratio （FCR） 1.68 kg of feed/kg of body weight gain to 1.78 kg of feed/kg of body weight gain. Stock mortality at that time ranged from 3.5% to 6.4%. On the basis of macroeconomic data, a clear relationship between the increase in the period particularly from 2004 onwards, prices of feed 33.6% and the purchase price of livestock 22.5% in the case of the evaluated farms were found. These values were 27.9% and 31.7%, respectively. From the analysis of the relationship between different types of broiler production costs, it was concluded that the main determinant of the profitability of live poultry production was the cost of feed and first of all was the prices of feed. This means that the boom in live poultry production is variable, resulting in consequences for production and income.
文摘Poultry and eggs are nutritious and healthy foods that contain high-quality proteins and low levels of fat compared with other meats. Recent studies have shown that poultry performance is closely associated with colonic health. Antibiotics are commonly used in the poultry industry to control diseases and enhance survival rates. However, antibiotic use can also result in host gut dysbiosis and immune dysregulation. Such imbalances compromise poultry health and growth performance. Thus, our study investigated the effect of Lactobacillus(L.) plantarum P-8 on the gut microbiome of chickens co-inoculated with the antibiotic lincomycin. Principal coordinate analysis showed that L. plantarum P-8 treatment shifted the faecal bacterial population structure. At the metagenomic level, the Clusters of Orthologous Groups(COGs) functional categories of P, C, N and A were overrepresented in the probiotic group. Additionally, the relative gene abundances of metabolic pathways involved in flagellar assembly,bacterial chemotaxis, nitrogen metabolism, sulfur metabolism, cofactor and vitamin biosynthesis were also higher in the probiotic group than the control; in contrast genes related to galactose degradation,carbon fixation, multiple sugar transport systems and ribosomes were underrepresented in the probiotic group. Our data suggest that feeding L. plantarum P-8 has the potential to improve metabolic activity and nutrient utilization of poultry. Furthermore, the faecal antibiotic resistomes of the two groups could be separated using principal components analysis, indicating that the probiotic treatment may modulate the intestinal antibiotic resistance gene pool by changing the population structure of the gut microbiota.This study has provided interesting insights into the application of probiotics in the poultry industry.
