Aldo-keto reductase 1D1(AKR1D1) deficiency,a rare but life-threatening form of bile acid deficiency,has not been previously described in China.Here,we describe the first two primary 4-3-oxosteroid 5β-reductase defici...Aldo-keto reductase 1D1(AKR1D1) deficiency,a rare but life-threatening form of bile acid deficiency,has not been previously described in China.Here,we describe the first two primary 4-3-oxosteroid 5β-reductase deficiency patients in China's Mainland diagnosed by fast atom bombardment-mass spectroscopy of urinary bile acids and confirmed by genetic analysis.A high proportion of atypical 3-oxo-4-bile acids in the urine indicated a deficiency in 4-3-oxosteroid 5β-reductase.All of the coding exons and adjacent intronic sequence of the AKR1D1 gene were sequenced using peripheral lymphocyte genomic DNA of two patients and one of the patient's parents.One patient exhibited compound heterozygous mutations:c.396C>A and c.722A>T,while the other was heterozygous for the mutation c.797G>A.Based on these mutations,a diagnosis of primary 4-3-oxosteroid 5β-reductase deficiency could be confirmed.With ursodeoxycholic acid treatment and fat-soluble vitamin supplements,liver function tests normalized rapidly,and the degree of hepatomegaly was markedly reduced in both patients.展开更多
With the rapid increase of lubricant consumption, oil contamination becomes more serious. Biotreatment is an important method to remove oil contamination with some advantages. In this study, acclimatized oil- contamin...With the rapid increase of lubricant consumption, oil contamination becomes more serious. Biotreatment is an important method to remove oil contamination with some advantages. In this study, acclimatized oil- contaminated soil and used lubricating oil were sampled to isolate lubricant-degrading strains by several methods. 51 isolates were obtained and 24-well plates were employed to assess bacterial potential in high- throughput screening. The method was noted for the prominence of oil-water two-phase system with saving chemicals, shortening cycles and lessening workloads. In order to decrease inaccuracy, subculture and resting cells were inoculated into mineral salt medium with 200 μ1 oil in well plates for the cultivation at 37 ℃ for 5 and 7 days, and the biodegradation potential was characterized by the changes of oil film and cell density. With appropriate evaluation by shaking flask tests, 5 isolates were retained for their potentials with the maxi- mum biodegradation from 1500 to 2200 mg· L-1 and identified as Acidovorax dtrulli, Pseudomonos balearica, Adnetobacterjohnsonii （two isolates with different biodegradation potentials） and Addovorax avenae using 16S rRNA sequencing analysis. Also, lipase activity was determined using indicator titration and p-nitrophenyl palmitate （p-NPP） methods. The results indicated that only p-NPP was successful to test lipase activity with the range of 1.93-6.29 mg· L-1 Although these five strains could degrade 1000 mg· L-1 lubricating oil in 158-168 h, there existed distinct difference in enzyme activity, which demonstrates that lipase activity could not be used as the criterion to evaluate microbial biodegradation potential for petroleum hydrocarbons.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.81070281
文摘Aldo-keto reductase 1D1(AKR1D1) deficiency,a rare but life-threatening form of bile acid deficiency,has not been previously described in China.Here,we describe the first two primary 4-3-oxosteroid 5β-reductase deficiency patients in China's Mainland diagnosed by fast atom bombardment-mass spectroscopy of urinary bile acids and confirmed by genetic analysis.A high proportion of atypical 3-oxo-4-bile acids in the urine indicated a deficiency in 4-3-oxosteroid 5β-reductase.All of the coding exons and adjacent intronic sequence of the AKR1D1 gene were sequenced using peripheral lymphocyte genomic DNA of two patients and one of the patient's parents.One patient exhibited compound heterozygous mutations:c.396C>A and c.722A>T,while the other was heterozygous for the mutation c.797G>A.Based on these mutations,a diagnosis of primary 4-3-oxosteroid 5β-reductase deficiency could be confirmed.With ursodeoxycholic acid treatment and fat-soluble vitamin supplements,liver function tests normalized rapidly,and the degree of hepatomegaly was markedly reduced in both patients.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21376285)Chongqing Natural Science Foundation(CSTC2013jcyj A20014)+3 种基金Open Funding Project of the Key Laboratory of Systems BioengineeringMinistry of Educationand Scientific Platform ProjectMinistry of Education(FYKF201506)
文摘With the rapid increase of lubricant consumption, oil contamination becomes more serious. Biotreatment is an important method to remove oil contamination with some advantages. In this study, acclimatized oil- contaminated soil and used lubricating oil were sampled to isolate lubricant-degrading strains by several methods. 51 isolates were obtained and 24-well plates were employed to assess bacterial potential in high- throughput screening. The method was noted for the prominence of oil-water two-phase system with saving chemicals, shortening cycles and lessening workloads. In order to decrease inaccuracy, subculture and resting cells were inoculated into mineral salt medium with 200 μ1 oil in well plates for the cultivation at 37 ℃ for 5 and 7 days, and the biodegradation potential was characterized by the changes of oil film and cell density. With appropriate evaluation by shaking flask tests, 5 isolates were retained for their potentials with the maxi- mum biodegradation from 1500 to 2200 mg· L-1 and identified as Acidovorax dtrulli, Pseudomonos balearica, Adnetobacterjohnsonii （two isolates with different biodegradation potentials） and Addovorax avenae using 16S rRNA sequencing analysis. Also, lipase activity was determined using indicator titration and p-nitrophenyl palmitate （p-NPP） methods. The results indicated that only p-NPP was successful to test lipase activity with the range of 1.93-6.29 mg· L-1 Although these five strains could degrade 1000 mg· L-1 lubricating oil in 158-168 h, there existed distinct difference in enzyme activity, which demonstrates that lipase activity could not be used as the criterion to evaluate microbial biodegradation potential for petroleum hydrocarbons.
