Two uridine auxotrophic mutants of Trichoderma reesei were isolated by resistance to 5-fluoroorotic acid after UV mutagenesis. One mutant, called M23, was complemented with the Aspergillus niger pyrG gene carried by p...Two uridine auxotrophic mutants of Trichoderma reesei were isolated by resistance to 5-fluoroorotic acid after UV mutagenesis. One mutant, called M23, was complemented with the Aspergillus niger pyrG gene carried by plasmid pAB4-1. A mutated pyrG gene of M23 was cloned and DNA sequencing analysis indicated that a cytosine was inserted into the 934―939 oligo dC position of the pyrG coding region, resulted in a frameshift mutation. Transformation efficiency was approximately 200―300 transformants per microgram of DNA with plasmid pAB4-1. Stable transformants were obtained by monosporic culture and showed to be prototroph after successive propagation. Vitreoscilla hemoglobin expression plasmid pUCVHb was cotransformed with plasmid pAB4-1 and attained a transformation efficiency of 71.8% or of 26.1% with pAN7-1. Southern blot analysis of the transformants demonstrated that plasmid pUCVHb was integrated into the chromosomal DNA. The experimental results demonstrated that the pyrG-based system was more efficient and timesaving than the conventional hygromycin B resistance-based transformation system.展开更多
Recently there have been many reports about soil diseases controlled by Trichoderma, but few could be applied on agriculture production in large areas. T23 isolated from soil around plant roots in the field by Biopest...Recently there have been many reports about soil diseases controlled by Trichoderma, but few could be applied on agriculture production in large areas. T23 isolated from soil around plant roots in the field by Biopesticide Engineering Center of Shenyang Agricultural University could control effectively Cucurbits Fusarium Wilt. The effects of 9 microelements which include copper, zinc, iron, boron, molybdenum, calcium, manganese, magnesium, potassium and frequently-used chemical fungicides, such as-carbendazim, thiram, thiophanate-methyl, chlorothalonil and hymexazol on the growth and the amounts of spores of Fusarium oxysporum FJ and Trichoderma T23 were studied. The effects of those factors on control effect of T23 to melon diseases were discussed and gave basis for the screening of synergistic agents and fungicides in controlling synergistically the pathogen. The results showed that copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, ferric sulfate and boric acid at concentration of 10-1000 μg/mL had the stronger inhibition to F. oxysporum, while weaker inhibition to Trichoderma. Ammonium molybdate, ferrous sulfate, calcium sulfate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate were the ideal the synergistic agent for accelerating the growth and sporulation of Trichoderma, and germination of melon seeds and growth of melon radicle. Melon Fusarium wilt was controlled by Trichoderma combined with ammonium molybdate and calcium sulfate. The relative control effect reached to 73.95%-71.36%. Several fungicides used generally in soil had a different effect on the growth of F. oxysporum and Trichoderma. Carbendazim appeared a strong inhibition to the growth of two strains, with EC50 of 3.01 mg/L and 0.75. mg/L, respectively. Trichoderma had the strong resistance to thiram which control to Fusarium oxysporum was not ideal in field. Hymexazol which EC50 was 261 mg/L and Trichoderma had the synergistical effect on controlling to F. oxysporum. Trichoderma could reproduce in soil treated with hymexazol at ratio of 2000-4000. Relative control effect of hymexazol combined with Trichoderma to oxysporum reached to 79.26%,. which was higher by 15.19% and 38.75% than the solo controlling effect respectively.展开更多
Trichoderma spp.is a filamentous soil fungus known as an effective biocontrol agent of a range of important airborne and soilborne pathogens,it has universal distribution and economic importance.This article reviewed ...Trichoderma spp.is a filamentous soil fungus known as an effective biocontrol agent of a range of important airborne and soilborne pathogens,it has universal distribution and economic importance.This article reviewed the researches on biocontrol mech- anism for plant diseases and application of Trichoderma spp.,especially Trichoderma harzianum in recent years.展开更多
报道了江苏省云台山地区的白粉菌目5属19种和变种,其中,散生单囊白粉菌Podosphaera sparsa(U. Braun) U. Braun&S.Takam.为国内新记录种,千里光单囊白粉菌Podosphaera senecionis U. Braun为江苏省新记录种。所有引证标本分别保存...报道了江苏省云台山地区的白粉菌目5属19种和变种,其中,散生单囊白粉菌Podosphaera sparsa(U. Braun) U. Braun&S.Takam.为国内新记录种,千里光单囊白粉菌Podosphaera senecionis U. Braun为江苏省新记录种。所有引证标本分别保存在中国科学院微生物研究所菌物标本馆(HMAS)和连云港市植保植检站标本室(Y)。展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30470052)the National Basic Research Program of China(Nos.2003CB716006 and 2004CB719702)the Natural Science Research Foundation for the Doctoral Program of Edu-cation Ministry of China(No.20040422042).
文摘Two uridine auxotrophic mutants of Trichoderma reesei were isolated by resistance to 5-fluoroorotic acid after UV mutagenesis. One mutant, called M23, was complemented with the Aspergillus niger pyrG gene carried by plasmid pAB4-1. A mutated pyrG gene of M23 was cloned and DNA sequencing analysis indicated that a cytosine was inserted into the 934―939 oligo dC position of the pyrG coding region, resulted in a frameshift mutation. Transformation efficiency was approximately 200―300 transformants per microgram of DNA with plasmid pAB4-1. Stable transformants were obtained by monosporic culture and showed to be prototroph after successive propagation. Vitreoscilla hemoglobin expression plasmid pUCVHb was cotransformed with plasmid pAB4-1 and attained a transformation efficiency of 71.8% or of 26.1% with pAN7-1. Southern blot analysis of the transformants demonstrated that plasmid pUCVHb was integrated into the chromosomal DNA. The experimental results demonstrated that the pyrG-based system was more efficient and timesaving than the conventional hygromycin B resistance-based transformation system.
文摘Recently there have been many reports about soil diseases controlled by Trichoderma, but few could be applied on agriculture production in large areas. T23 isolated from soil around plant roots in the field by Biopesticide Engineering Center of Shenyang Agricultural University could control effectively Cucurbits Fusarium Wilt. The effects of 9 microelements which include copper, zinc, iron, boron, molybdenum, calcium, manganese, magnesium, potassium and frequently-used chemical fungicides, such as-carbendazim, thiram, thiophanate-methyl, chlorothalonil and hymexazol on the growth and the amounts of spores of Fusarium oxysporum FJ and Trichoderma T23 were studied. The effects of those factors on control effect of T23 to melon diseases were discussed and gave basis for the screening of synergistic agents and fungicides in controlling synergistically the pathogen. The results showed that copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, ferric sulfate and boric acid at concentration of 10-1000 μg/mL had the stronger inhibition to F. oxysporum, while weaker inhibition to Trichoderma. Ammonium molybdate, ferrous sulfate, calcium sulfate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate were the ideal the synergistic agent for accelerating the growth and sporulation of Trichoderma, and germination of melon seeds and growth of melon radicle. Melon Fusarium wilt was controlled by Trichoderma combined with ammonium molybdate and calcium sulfate. The relative control effect reached to 73.95%-71.36%. Several fungicides used generally in soil had a different effect on the growth of F. oxysporum and Trichoderma. Carbendazim appeared a strong inhibition to the growth of two strains, with EC50 of 3.01 mg/L and 0.75. mg/L, respectively. Trichoderma had the strong resistance to thiram which control to Fusarium oxysporum was not ideal in field. Hymexazol which EC50 was 261 mg/L and Trichoderma had the synergistical effect on controlling to F. oxysporum. Trichoderma could reproduce in soil treated with hymexazol at ratio of 2000-4000. Relative control effect of hymexazol combined with Trichoderma to oxysporum reached to 79.26%,. which was higher by 15.19% and 38.75% than the solo controlling effect respectively.
基金Supported by Chinese National Programs for High Technology Research and Development(2003AA241140)
文摘Trichoderma spp.is a filamentous soil fungus known as an effective biocontrol agent of a range of important airborne and soilborne pathogens,it has universal distribution and economic importance.This article reviewed the researches on biocontrol mech- anism for plant diseases and application of Trichoderma spp.,especially Trichoderma harzianum in recent years.
文摘报道了江苏省云台山地区的白粉菌目5属19种和变种,其中,散生单囊白粉菌Podosphaera sparsa(U. Braun) U. Braun&S.Takam.为国内新记录种,千里光单囊白粉菌Podosphaera senecionis U. Braun为江苏省新记录种。所有引证标本分别保存在中国科学院微生物研究所菌物标本馆(HMAS)和连云港市植保植检站标本室(Y)。
