A quantitative and comprehensive method of product life cycle assessment(LCA) with fuzzy theory is developed, which will help designers to select the optimum design scheme for product life cycle design(LCD). Based on ...A quantitative and comprehensive method of product life cycle assessment(LCA) with fuzzy theory is developed, which will help designers to select the optimum design scheme for product life cycle design(LCD). Based on the theory of multiple attribute decision making, an algorithm of comprehensive and comparative evaluation for product environmental adaptability is presented. A program is built and used in an example of design improvement. The result shows that the proposed method and algorithm are practical and effective to the development of green products.展开更多
Planning training programs for strength-power track and field athletes require an understanding of both training principles and training theory. The training principles are overload, variation, and specificity. Each o...Planning training programs for strength-power track and field athletes require an understanding of both training principles and training theory. The training principles are overload, variation, and specificity. Each of these principles must be incorporated into an appropriate system of training. Conceptually, periodization embraces training principles and offers advantages in planning, allowing for logical integration and manipulation of training variables such as exercise selection, intensification, and volume factors. The adaptation and progress of the athlete is to a large extent directly related to the ability of the coach/athlete to create and carry an efficient and efficacious training process. This ability includes： an understanding of how exercises affect physiological and performance adaptation （i.e., maximum force, rate of force development, power, etc.）, how to optimize transfer of training effect ensuring that training exercises have maximum potential for carryover to performance, and how to implement programs with variations at appropriate levels （macro, meso, and micro） such that fatigue management is enhanced and performance progress is optimized.展开更多
The Igbos are one of the major tribes of Nigeria. Over the years, their distinct way of living have further accentuated their culture. The paper discusses the Igbo cultural landscape region which comprises of rural au...The Igbos are one of the major tribes of Nigeria. Over the years, their distinct way of living have further accentuated their culture. The paper discusses the Igbo cultural landscape region which comprises of rural autonomous communities made up of clusters of kindred and villages. In spite of the existence of the townships serving as trade, political and administrative centers for more than one century, the rate of urbanization has been very slow thereby affecting the development of the communities physically, economically and socially at astonishing rates consuming farmlands and traditional community boundaries. This paper is aimed at creating awareness on the unique regional growth pattern in Igbo land heavily dependent on cultural and natural heritages for purpose of determining adaptable regional planning strategies for such vibrant cultural region. It has examined the key issues and suggested a way forward to a more sustainable development of the region.展开更多
In cells, the interactions of distinct signaling transduction pathways originating from cross-talkings between signaling molecules give rise to the formation of signaling transduction networks, which contributes to th...In cells, the interactions of distinct signaling transduction pathways originating from cross-talkings between signaling molecules give rise to the formation of signaling transduction networks, which contributes to the changes (emergency) of kinetic behaviors of signaling system compared with single molecule or pathway. Depending on the known experimental data, we have constructed a model for complex cellular signaling transduction system, which is derived from signaling transduction of epidermal growth factor receptor in neuron. By the computational simulating methods, the self-adaptive controls of this system have been investigated. We find that this model exhibits a relatively stable selfadaptive system, especially to over-stimulation of agonist, and the amplitude and duration of signaling intermediates in it could be controlled by multiple self-adaptive effects, such as 'signal scattering', 'positive feedback', 'negative feedback' and 'B-Raf shunt'. Our results provide an approach to understanding the dynamic behaviors of complex biological systems.展开更多
文摘A quantitative and comprehensive method of product life cycle assessment(LCA) with fuzzy theory is developed, which will help designers to select the optimum design scheme for product life cycle design(LCD). Based on the theory of multiple attribute decision making, an algorithm of comprehensive and comparative evaluation for product environmental adaptability is presented. A program is built and used in an example of design improvement. The result shows that the proposed method and algorithm are practical and effective to the development of green products.
文摘Planning training programs for strength-power track and field athletes require an understanding of both training principles and training theory. The training principles are overload, variation, and specificity. Each of these principles must be incorporated into an appropriate system of training. Conceptually, periodization embraces training principles and offers advantages in planning, allowing for logical integration and manipulation of training variables such as exercise selection, intensification, and volume factors. The adaptation and progress of the athlete is to a large extent directly related to the ability of the coach/athlete to create and carry an efficient and efficacious training process. This ability includes： an understanding of how exercises affect physiological and performance adaptation （i.e., maximum force, rate of force development, power, etc.）, how to optimize transfer of training effect ensuring that training exercises have maximum potential for carryover to performance, and how to implement programs with variations at appropriate levels （macro, meso, and micro） such that fatigue management is enhanced and performance progress is optimized.
文摘The Igbos are one of the major tribes of Nigeria. Over the years, their distinct way of living have further accentuated their culture. The paper discusses the Igbo cultural landscape region which comprises of rural autonomous communities made up of clusters of kindred and villages. In spite of the existence of the townships serving as trade, political and administrative centers for more than one century, the rate of urbanization has been very slow thereby affecting the development of the communities physically, economically and socially at astonishing rates consuming farmlands and traditional community boundaries. This paper is aimed at creating awareness on the unique regional growth pattern in Igbo land heavily dependent on cultural and natural heritages for purpose of determining adaptable regional planning strategies for such vibrant cultural region. It has examined the key issues and suggested a way forward to a more sustainable development of the region.
基金This research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 70071040).
文摘In cells, the interactions of distinct signaling transduction pathways originating from cross-talkings between signaling molecules give rise to the formation of signaling transduction networks, which contributes to the changes (emergency) of kinetic behaviors of signaling system compared with single molecule or pathway. Depending on the known experimental data, we have constructed a model for complex cellular signaling transduction system, which is derived from signaling transduction of epidermal growth factor receptor in neuron. By the computational simulating methods, the self-adaptive controls of this system have been investigated. We find that this model exhibits a relatively stable selfadaptive system, especially to over-stimulation of agonist, and the amplitude and duration of signaling intermediates in it could be controlled by multiple self-adaptive effects, such as 'signal scattering', 'positive feedback', 'negative feedback' and 'B-Raf shunt'. Our results provide an approach to understanding the dynamic behaviors of complex biological systems.
