单壁碳纳米管在基底表面的离散生长

通过旋涂硝酸铁异丙醇溶液于P型硅表面以获得均匀分布的催化剂颗粒,以CH4为反应气体采用CVD方法即可在P型硅表面均匀生长单壁碳纳米管,并且部分碳纳米管呈直立状。研究了催化剂浓度、生长基底、反应温度对单壁碳纳米管表面生长情况的影响。研究表明,催化剂浓度升高或采用二氧化硅替代P型硅为生长基底时,都会导致单壁碳纳米管生长的密度加大,而碳纳米管长度变短且更易贴附基底表面生长;随反应温度的提高碳纳米管的生长效率降低,并使得碳纳米管更易贴附基底表面生长。采用此方法制备的生长有直立碳纳米管的硅片作为扫描基底,在原子力显微镜敲击模式下利用拾取法成功制备了碳纳米管原子力显微镜针尖。

p型GaSb窗口层在热光伏电池中的应用研究

为了提高GaSb热光伏电池的转换效率,在电池结构中引入p^+-GaSb窗口层,研究了生长基底、衬底温度和反应物源温度对p^+-GaSb薄膜性能的影响,并优化了电池结构中p^+-GaSb窗口层的厚度和掺杂浓度。实验结果表明,生长基底和温度等制备参数影响着p^+-GaSb薄膜的结构特性和电学特性,而且,较薄的高掺杂p^+-GaSb层有利于提高电池性能。通过测试和仿真,热光伏电池的转换效率达到9.49%(AM1.5测试)和20.34%(AFORS-HET仿真)。

In-situ design and construction of lithium-ion battery electrodes on metal substrates with enhanced performances：A brief review

For the ever-growing demand of advanced lithium-ion batteries, it is highly desirable to grow self-supported micro-/nanostructured arrays on metal substrates as electrodes directly. The in-situ growth of electrode materials on the conducting substrates greatly simplifies the electrode fabrication process without using any binders or conductive additives. Moreover, the well-ordered arrays closely connected to the current collectors can provide direct electron transport pathways and enhanced accommodation of strains arisen from lithium ion lithiation/delithiation. This article summarizes our recent work on design and construction of lithium-ion battery electrodes on metal substrates. An aqueous solution-based process and a microemulsion-mediated process have been respectively presented to control the kinetic and thermodynamic processes for the micro-/nanostructured array growth on metal substrates, with particular attention to CuO nanorod arrays and microcog arrays successfully prepared on Cu foil substrates. They can be directly used as binder-free electrodes to build advanced lithium-ion batteries with high energy, high safety and high stability.

有助于血管生成的蛋白质

科学家们已研制出一种可定时向冠脉血管释放血管生成蛋白(称作基底成纤维细胞生长因子)的胶囊。对于不宜行血管移植术的病人来说,这种蛋白的输送可与冠状动脉分流术配合应用。在本项研究中观察的24名病人均患有阻塞性冠状动脉疾病,所有病人均被视作冠状动脉分流术的次优侯选者。此外,在标准的分流手术期间。