蜕皮激素(molting hormore，MH)是由昆虫前胸腺分泌的一种甾类激素，对昆虫蜕皮行为及蜕皮后的发育起调控作用。蜕皮激素及其类似物曾被考虑用作杀虫剂，但是由于其结构复杂，提取、合成成本太高；而分子体积大、亲水性强等特点又使其...蜕皮激素(molting hormore，MH)是由昆虫前胸腺分泌的一种甾类激素，对昆虫蜕皮行为及蜕皮后的发育起调控作用。蜕皮激素及其类似物曾被考虑用作杀虫剂，但是由于其结构复杂，提取、合成成本太高；而分子体积大、亲水性强等特点又使其不易渗透昆虫表皮；而且昆虫已具有很强的分解代谢甾类结构的能力，使其迅速失去杀虫活性，上述原因使其不能实现田间应用。1988年Rohm and Hass公司的科学家们发现二芳酰肼类化合物RH-5849(图1)能引起受试昆虫早熟、不完全、致死性蜕皮，诞生了一类新的昆虫生长调节剂——蜕皮激素拮抗剂，使蜕皮激素类似物走向了实用化。展开更多
Background: Safflower regeneration through tissue culture has long been limited to low frequency and lack of an efficient protocol that suitable for most safflower cultivars. In past decades, researches had been carri...Background: Safflower regeneration through tissue culture has long been limited to low frequency and lack of an efficient protocol that suitable for most safflower cultivars. In past decades, researches had been carried out to investigate safflower regeneration through tissue culture and great progress had been made. Objective: To investigate factors that affect safflower regeneration through tissue culture principally. Methods: This article summarized available literatures about advancements in safflower regeneration, especially discussed factors affecting safflower tissue culture in detail. Results: Safflower regeneration was fairly hard than other congeneric plants, such as chrysanthemum. The genotype, seedling age, type of explants, medium components, plant growth regulators and other additives all had specific influences on safflower tissue culture. More deepgoing researches need to be undertaken to establish an effective safflower regeneration system.展开更多
[Objective]As a mosquito-repelling ornamental plant,Pelargonium×Citrosum Vanleenii(P.× Citrosum Vanleenii)is hard to be acquired because of its hybrid background,the paper was to a new regeneration system of...[Objective]As a mosquito-repelling ornamental plant,Pelargonium×Citrosum Vanleenii(P.× Citrosum Vanleenii)is hard to be acquired because of its hybrid background,the paper was to a new regeneration system of(P.× Citrosum Vanleenii).[Method] By studying the influence of plant growth regulators(PGRs)on explant type(leaves and petioles),the optimal combinations of PGRs to maximize SELSs(somatic embryo-like structure)and buds were established.[Result]0.2 mg/L NAA+1.0 mg/L BA was best for LS(leaves segments)and 0.2 mg/L NAA + 1.5 mg/L BAs was best for PS(petioles segments).Cultured plantlets were successfully acclimatized in soil where they grew normally without any morphological variation.Although both LS and PS were usable,the leaf was a better explant for induction of embryogenic calli,somatic embryo-like structures and buds.[Conclusion]This work offered a rapid and efficient system for plant regeneration of P.×Citrosum Vanleenii.展开更多
文摘蜕皮激素(molting hormore，MH)是由昆虫前胸腺分泌的一种甾类激素，对昆虫蜕皮行为及蜕皮后的发育起调控作用。蜕皮激素及其类似物曾被考虑用作杀虫剂，但是由于其结构复杂，提取、合成成本太高；而分子体积大、亲水性强等特点又使其不易渗透昆虫表皮；而且昆虫已具有很强的分解代谢甾类结构的能力，使其迅速失去杀虫活性，上述原因使其不能实现田间应用。1988年Rohm and Hass公司的科学家们发现二芳酰肼类化合物RH-5849(图1)能引起受试昆虫早熟、不完全、致死性蜕皮，诞生了一类新的昆虫生长调节剂——蜕皮激素拮抗剂，使蜕皮激素类似物走向了实用化。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Granted Project(81173484)
文摘Background: Safflower regeneration through tissue culture has long been limited to low frequency and lack of an efficient protocol that suitable for most safflower cultivars. In past decades, researches had been carried out to investigate safflower regeneration through tissue culture and great progress had been made. Objective: To investigate factors that affect safflower regeneration through tissue culture principally. Methods: This article summarized available literatures about advancements in safflower regeneration, especially discussed factors affecting safflower tissue culture in detail. Results: Safflower regeneration was fairly hard than other congeneric plants, such as chrysanthemum. The genotype, seedling age, type of explants, medium components, plant growth regulators and other additives all had specific influences on safflower tissue culture. More deepgoing researches need to be undertaken to establish an effective safflower regeneration system.
基金Supported by Fund of Jinhua Science Technology Foundation of China(2009-2-02)
文摘[Objective]As a mosquito-repelling ornamental plant,Pelargonium×Citrosum Vanleenii(P.× Citrosum Vanleenii)is hard to be acquired because of its hybrid background,the paper was to a new regeneration system of(P.× Citrosum Vanleenii).[Method] By studying the influence of plant growth regulators(PGRs)on explant type(leaves and petioles),the optimal combinations of PGRs to maximize SELSs(somatic embryo-like structure)and buds were established.[Result]0.2 mg/L NAA+1.0 mg/L BA was best for LS(leaves segments)and 0.2 mg/L NAA + 1.5 mg/L BAs was best for PS(petioles segments).Cultured plantlets were successfully acclimatized in soil where they grew normally without any morphological variation.Although both LS and PS were usable,the leaf was a better explant for induction of embryogenic calli,somatic embryo-like structures and buds.[Conclusion]This work offered a rapid and efficient system for plant regeneration of P.×Citrosum Vanleenii.
