Shopping malls are accessed by people from all walks of life and, therefore, provision of adequate fire safety measures is equally important. In Dares Salaam, Tanzania, at large construction, use of shopping malls is ...Shopping malls are accessed by people from all walks of life and, therefore, provision of adequate fire safety measures is equally important. In Dares Salaam, Tanzania, at large construction, use of shopping malls is a relatively new experience, and risks associated with use of shopping malls, such as fire outbreak, are not evident to frequent users. The main purpose of the study is to assess awareness of fire safety measures for users and staff of two shopping malls located in Dares Salaam. The research adopted a case study strategy, and 100 respondents were involved in the study. Both random and purposive sampling methods were used to select respondents for the study. Multiple sources of evidence were used in data collection, namely literature review, observations, questionnaires and interviews. Findings indicate that both shopping malls have in place fairly fire prevention measures with varying degrees. Majority of staff and users indicated that they know fire safety measures but their poor knowledge was reflected in assessing them on diferent equipment and installations, such as foam, hose reel, sprinklers and drenchers. The paper concludes that awarenes of fire safety measure of users and staff of the two shopping malls is relatively low. It is, therefore, recommended that provision of fire safety training and instructions, such as posters for users and seminars for staff of shopping malls, shall be a main focus of shopping malls owners and responsible authorities.展开更多
The core issue for China transition development in the next 30 years is to shift from the quantity growth model to the quality improvement model. The paper introduces the research progress in three key areas of sustai...The core issue for China transition development in the next 30 years is to shift from the quantity growth model to the quality improvement model. The paper introduces the research progress in three key areas of sustainable development studies since the 1990s. It is pointed out that there is a well-being thresh-old at which the margin utility of economic growth for human well-being will decline, that there is an ecological limit beyond which more economic growth in terms of physical scale will be impossible, and that the creation of human well-being is related not only to the amount but also to the structure and efficiency of public expenditure from government. After an in-depth discussion on facts, origins and policy implications of each issue, some theory and policy thinking with long-lasting significance are raised for the transition development of China.展开更多
For the purpose of enhancing automobile safety and the effectiveness of recalls,increasing manufacturers' quality control capabilities,and reducing defects,we investigated thestatus of recalls over the last five y...For the purpose of enhancing automobile safety and the effectiveness of recalls,increasing manufacturers' quality control capabilities,and reducing defects,we investigated thestatus of recalls over the last five years.We have examined patterns and trends in motor vehiclesafety recalls using databases from China,Europe and the United States.A recall rate parameterwas developed to evaluate the level of recall enforcement based on analyzing the reasonsfor recalls and manufactures' characteristics.Moreover,there were substantial differencesin the recall rates of China compared with those in other countries,indicating that Chinese manufacturersneed to take more active action in recall.展开更多
文摘Shopping malls are accessed by people from all walks of life and, therefore, provision of adequate fire safety measures is equally important. In Dares Salaam, Tanzania, at large construction, use of shopping malls is a relatively new experience, and risks associated with use of shopping malls, such as fire outbreak, are not evident to frequent users. The main purpose of the study is to assess awareness of fire safety measures for users and staff of two shopping malls located in Dares Salaam. The research adopted a case study strategy, and 100 respondents were involved in the study. Both random and purposive sampling methods were used to select respondents for the study. Multiple sources of evidence were used in data collection, namely literature review, observations, questionnaires and interviews. Findings indicate that both shopping malls have in place fairly fire prevention measures with varying degrees. Majority of staff and users indicated that they know fire safety measures but their poor knowledge was reflected in assessing them on diferent equipment and installations, such as foam, hose reel, sprinklers and drenchers. The paper concludes that awarenes of fire safety measure of users and staff of the two shopping malls is relatively low. It is, therefore, recommended that provision of fire safety training and instructions, such as posters for users and seminars for staff of shopping malls, shall be a main focus of shopping malls owners and responsible authorities.
基金Supported by NSFC (Grant No. 71173157)supported by NSSFC (Grant No. 11AZD102)
文摘The core issue for China transition development in the next 30 years is to shift from the quantity growth model to the quality improvement model. The paper introduces the research progress in three key areas of sustainable development studies since the 1990s. It is pointed out that there is a well-being thresh-old at which the margin utility of economic growth for human well-being will decline, that there is an ecological limit beyond which more economic growth in terms of physical scale will be impossible, and that the creation of human well-being is related not only to the amount but also to the structure and efficiency of public expenditure from government. After an in-depth discussion on facts, origins and policy implications of each issue, some theory and policy thinking with long-lasting significance are raised for the transition development of China.
文摘For the purpose of enhancing automobile safety and the effectiveness of recalls,increasing manufacturers' quality control capabilities,and reducing defects,we investigated thestatus of recalls over the last five years.We have examined patterns and trends in motor vehiclesafety recalls using databases from China,Europe and the United States.A recall rate parameterwas developed to evaluate the level of recall enforcement based on analyzing the reasonsfor recalls and manufactures' characteristics.Moreover,there were substantial differencesin the recall rates of China compared with those in other countries,indicating that Chinese manufacturersneed to take more active action in recall.
