密闭式双联血液透析用体外循环管路在血液透析联合血液灌流治疗中的应用

目的探讨密闭式双联血液透析用体外循环管路在血液透析联合血液灌流治疗中的应用。方法选择解放军总医院2014年1月至2015年12月维持性血液透析患者60例,进行血液透析联合血液灌流治疗,随机分为对照组和试验组各30例,每例均行10次治疗,对照组采用常规的单根直管管路连接血液透析器与血液灌流器,试验组采用密闭式双联血液透析用体外循环管路连接血液透析器与血液灌流器。对比分析管路预冲、结束治疗的操作时间、管路凝血、管口暴露、血液滴洒等指标。结果与对照组比较,试验组管路预冲、结束治疗的操作时间、血液灌流器及透析器凝血发生率等明显较少,管口暴露及血液滴洒等发生明显较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用密闭式双联血液透析用体外循环管路进行血液透析联合血液灌流治疗优于常规管路,值得临床推广。

试验用体外诊断试剂规范化管理的探讨

为了保证临床试验结果科学、准确、可靠,本文阐述了我院临床试验专业组通过设置试剂管理员、配置试剂储存专用冰箱,以及对试验用体外诊断试剂的接收、储存、领取、使用和回收等各个环节进行规范化管理,为试验用体外诊断试剂的有效性和安全性评价提供重要保障。

另一种“体用”:邵雍藏显义用体论及其定位

作为早期理学的重要开拓者,邵雍以独具特色的体用思想推动了理学思维的形成。近年来,学界愈益关注邵雍体用论形态的独特性,但对其的理解与定位尚不深入。邵雍的确以大量体用言说来支撑构建其象数学体系,着墨颇多,论说极精,但总体而言,其体用言说属于对现象世界的描绘,呈现“因体生用”之形下一面。值得注意的是,邵雍体用思想中还有“因用生体”的一面,这种朝向思辨之维转型的面向才构成邵雍体用论的真正创见。就后者而言,邵雍体用论既不同于传统的形体体用论,也与佛学、理学的性体体用论有所区别,它以先天心法为用、后天形迹为体,是一种以“用”为本原的藏显义的“用体论”。这是邵雍体用思想的特色,也是早期理学形成中的过渡形态与重要环节。

目体阴而用阳释析

目的:阴阳属性理论源流肇始于先秦,形成于明代,至清朝逐渐系统化。亢泽峰教授创新性地明确提出了目具有“体阴用阳”生理特性,即“目体阴而用阳”。生理上表现为“目体”决定“目用”,“目用”辅助“目体”,二者相互为用、互为根本;病理上“目体”“目用”相互影响。临床上若目体之真精、真血不足或运行迟缓、目得不到津液之濡养,则目不能视万物而辨五色。若“目用”过度,即如果长时间过用目力则耗伤“目体”之阴血,表现为眼干、眼涩、视物昏花等。“目用”影响“目体”还体现在阳气的推动、蒸腾、温煦等作用异常,导致阴血、津液运行的失常。治疗总则可概括为理气血、护气阴、通目络,以维持“目体”(阴)“目用”(阳)的动态平衡为关键所在。

编辑用体需求研究

编辑用体需求问题,与编辑活动的科学发展及编辑活动效益的实现紧密相关。它是编辑用体研究的最核心与最精彩的部分,具有重要的理论意义与实践意义。影响编辑用体需求的主要因子有需求类型、需求层次、需求背景、需求基础、需求心理、需求动力等。编辑用体研究的方法有需求调研法、换位感受法、信息推衍法、信息捕捉法和需求测算与数学建模法等。

“编辑五体”论

编辑五体,是笔者在编辑学研究中新创立的术语概念,即编辑主体、编辑源体、编辑客体、编辑用体、编辑辅体的总称,是对编辑活动中五种主要构成元素的分解与界定,对于编辑学的深入研究与剖析归纳及理论体系建构,有着十分重要的意义与作用。

“编辑用体论”与编辑产品的价值提升

"编辑用体"即受众,是以使用编辑产品的人、编辑产品检验者、编辑活动效果实验者和体验者、编辑活动效益兑现者的身份参与编辑活动的。"编辑用体论"的提出,不仅进一步确立了受众参与编辑活动的重要地位,也有助于编辑主体强化为受众服务的意识,提升编辑产品的价值,使编辑学研究更加完整、科学。文章从精神产品的价值属性及其提升的角度深入分析了"编辑用体论"提出的必要性、重要性和科学性。

柔性脂质体的促渗作用研究(英文)

In this article different types of ultradeformable liposomes were designed and the properties of transdermal delivery were studied with sodium salicylate as model drug. These results showed that liposomes with strong hydrophilic surfactant added is a new type of penetration enhancer.

“中体西用”思潮初探

本文在论述近代“中体西用”思潮演变过程的基础上,认为“中体西用”思潮属于一种历史文化现象。通过具体的历史分析,得出这一思潮发展的历程中体现了中华民族始终不渝地保持自己的民族特色,顺应时势变革的优秀文化传统的结论。

信据力:“呢”的交互主观性

语气词"呢"的既有研究成果尽管很丰富,却还是有不能覆盖的现象,按句式给"呢"分类也不妥当。追随吕叔湘(1944)对"呢"的语义分析要旨,在Grice会话隐含模式下,借助"信据力"这一语用概念,分析有"呢"无"呢"的最小对比对,可以发现无论在句中位置如何,其使用条件均为:"呢"用在交互性强的话语中;信据价值低则不宜加,反馈期待高则不宜删。

First-Principles Insights into Pt_(n)/ZnO(0001)Catalyst:Regulation of Metal-Support Interaction through Surface Polarity

Polar surfaces are prevalent in metal oxides,the interactions between surface species with polar surfaces are different from those with non-polar surfaces,a thorough understanding of the interactions is key to regulate the performance of heterogeneous catalysts.In this work,we delve into the interaction of Pt_(n)(n=1-4)with polar ZnO(0001)-Zn and ZnO(0001)-O,and the influence of the surface polarity on the electronic structures and reactivity of Pt_(n)by using density functional theory calculations.The results suggest distinct differences in electronic structures of two exposed terminations,leading to different interactions with Pt_(n).The interaction between Pt_(n)and two terminations not only stabilizes the surface and clusters through polar compensation,but also induces opposite charges on the cluster at two terminations.Remarkably,the Pearson correlation coefficient reveals the interdependency between the electronic states of Pt_(n)and its performance in terms of small molecule adsorption/activation.These observations demonstrate the crucial role of surface polarity in regulating the electronic states and catalytic performance of active sites,and offer a possible design principle for supported catalysts.

Effects of anions on the structural regulation of Zn‑salen‑modified metal‑organic cage

By virtue of a 3∶1 complementary coordination strategy,a chiral heteroleptic metal-organic cage that con-tains divergent functional units,Pd‑R(Zn),was precisely constructed via self-assembly of monodentate variational Zn-salen ligands RZn and NADH(reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)mimic modified tridentate ligands with square-planar Pd ions.UV-Vis and luminescence spectra experiments reveal that different anions could selec-tively interact with different sites of Zn-salen modified metal-organic cages to achieve the structural regulation of cage compound,by using the differentiated host-guest electrostatic interactions of counter ions with metal-organic hosts.Compared to other anions,the presence of chloride ions caused the most significant fluorescence emission enhancement of Pd‑R(Zn),meanwhile,the UV-Vis absorption band attributed to the salen aromatic backbone showed an absorption decrease,and the metal-to-ligand induced peak displayed a blue shift effect.Circular dichro-ism and ^(1)H NMR spectra further demonstrate that the introduction of chloride anions is beneficial to keeping a more rigid scaffold.

Advances in the studies of the supported ruthenium catalysts for CO_(2) methanation

CO_(2) methanation has a potential in the large-scale utilization of carbon dioxide.It has also been considered to be useful for the renewable energy storage.The commercial pipeline for natural gas transportation can be directly applied for the methane product of CO_(2) methanation.The supported ruthenium(Ru)catalyst has been confirmed to be active and stable for CO_(2) methanation with its high ability in the dissociation of hydrogen and the strong binding of carbon monoxide.CO_(2) methanation over the supported Ru catalyst is structure sensitive.The size of the Ru catalyst and the support have significant effects on the activity and the mechanism.A significant challenge re-mained is the structural controllable preparation of the supported Ru catalyst toward a sufficiently high low-temperature activity.In this review,the recent progresses in the investigations of the supported Ru catalysts for CO_(2) methanation are summarized.The challenges and the future devel-opments are also discussed.

Regulating crystal phase of TiO_(2) to enhance catalytic activity of Ni/TiO_(2) for solar-driven dry reforming of methane

Ni/TiO_(2) catalyst is widely employed for photo-driven DRM reaction while the influence of crystal structure of TiO_(2) remains unclear.In this work,the rutile/anatase ratio in supports was successfully controlled by varying the calcination temperature of anatase-TiO_(2).Structural characterizations revealed that a distinct TiO_(x) coating on the Ni nanoparticles(NPs)was evident for Ni/TiO_(2)-700 catalyst due to strong metal-support interaction.It is observed that the TiOx overlayer gradually disappeared as the ratio of rutile/anatase increased,thereby enhancing the exposure of Ni active sites.The exposed Ni sites enhanced visible light absorption and boosted the dissociation capability of CH4,which led to the much elevated catalytic activity for Ni/TiO_(2)-950 in which rutile dominated.Therefore,the catalytic activity of solar-driven DRM reaction was significantly influenced by the rutile/anatase ratio.Ni/TiO_(2)-950,characterized by a predominant rutile phase,exhibited the highest DRM reactivity,with remarkable H_(2) and CO production rates reaching as high as 87.4 and 220.2 mmol/(g·h),respectively.These rates were approximately 257 and 130 times higher,respectively,compared to those obtained on Ni/TiO_(2)-700 with anatase.This study suggests that the optimization of crystal structure of TiO_(2) support can effectively enhance the performance of photothermal DRM reaction.

Construction and Properties of the Me_(10)Q[5]/2,7-diaminofluorenedihydrochloride Supramolecular Hydrogel

Compared to traditional polymer hydrogels,supramolecular hydrogels exhibits superior reversibility and stimulus response due to the instantaneous and reversible nature of non-covalent bonds.In this paper,we utilized the host-guest exclusion interaction between Decamethylcucurbit[5]uril(Me_(10)Q[5])and the 2,7-diaminofluorenedihydrochloride(DAF·HCl)to construct a Q[n]-based hydrogel system.The composition,structure,and properties of the hydrogel were compre-hensively characterized using rheometer,nuclear magnetic resonance,scanning electron microscope.This cost-effective and straightforward hydrogel synthesis method paves the way for the scalable production of practical and commercially viable Q[n]-based hydrogels.

Application of molecular interaction volume model in separation of Pb-Sn-Sb ternary alloy by vacuum distillation

Based on the molecular interaction volume model （MIVM）, the activities of components of Pb Sn Sb ternary alloy were predicted. The vapo^liquid phase equilibrium of Pb-Sn-Sb alloy system was calculated using the activity coefficients of Pb Sn-Sb alloy system in the process of vacuum distillation. The calculated results show that the content of Sn in vapor phase increases with the increasing distillation temperature and content of Sn in liquid phase. However, the content of Sn in vapor phase is only 0.45% （mass fraction） while 97% in liquid phase at 1100 ℃, which shows that the separating effect is very well. Experimental investigations on the separation of Pb-Sn-Sb ternary alloy were carried out in the distillation temperature range of 1100-1300 ℃ under vacuum condition. It is found that the Sn content in vapor phase is 0.54% while 97% in liquid phase at 1100 ℃. Finally, the predicted data were compared with the experimental results showing good agreement with each other.

Protective Effects of Tea Polyphenol on Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats and Its Scavenging Oxy-radical and Anticerebral Lipid Peroxidation Effects

AIM To study the protective effects of tea polyphenol (TP) on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats and its scavenging oxygen free radical(OFR) activities and antilipid peroxidation in vitro . METHODS Cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury was produced by bilateral ligation of the common carotid arteries with vagus nerves and reperfusion for 45 min. The mitochondrial lipid peroxidation of rat brain induced by oxygen free radical was measured by thiobarbituric acid spectrophotometry. Superoxide anion (O 2) from xanthine xanthine oxidase system and hydroxyl radical (·OH) from Fe 2+ -H 2O 2 system were determined with spectrophotometry. RESULTS During Cerebral ischemia reperfusion,TP improved the activities of superoxide dismutase ( P 【0 05), GSH peroxidase( P 【0 01) and catalase( P 【0 01), while decreasing the maiondialdchyde content in the brain( P 【0 05) and brain water content ( P 【0 01). Tea polyphenol possessed significantly scavenging effects on ·OH produced by Fenton reaction and O 2 produced by xanthine xanthine oxidase system (the IC 50 were 2 2 mmol·L -1 and 1 9 mmol·L -1 respectively). Tea polyphenol could significant inhibit the lipid peroxidation of cerbral mitochondrial membrane induced by ·OH in a concentration dependent manner. CONCLUSION The results indicate that tea polyphenol could protect the injury on cerebral ischemia reperfusion in rats for OFR, these effects may be related to its scavenging effects on oxygen free radicals and antilipid peroxidant.

The algorithm of 3D multi-scale volumetric curvature and its application

To fully extract and mine the multi-scale features of reservoirs and geologic structures in time/depth and space dimensions, a new 3D multi-scale volumetric curvature （MSVC） methodology is presented in this paper. We also propose a fast algorithm for computing 3D volumetric curvature. In comparison to conventional volumetric curvature attributes, its main improvements and key algorithms introduce multi-frequency components expansion in time-frequency domain and the corresponding multi-scale adaptive differential operator in the wavenumber domain, into the volumetric curvature calculation. This methodology can simultaneously depict seismic multi-scale features in both time and space. Additionally, we use data fusion of volumetric curvatures at various scales to take full advantage of the geologic features and anomalies extracted by curvature measurements at different scales. The 3D MSVC can highlight geologic anomalies and reduce noise at the same time. Thus, it improves the interpretation efficiency of curvature attributes analysis. The 3D MSVC is applied to both land and marine 3D seismic data. The results demonstrate that it can indicate the spatial distribution of reservoirs, detect faults and fracture zones, and identify their multi-scale properties.

Transition metal coordination polymers with flexible dicarboxylate ligand:Synthesis,characterization,and photoluminescence property

Under solvothermal conditions,six new coordination polymers(CPs)[Mn(L)(phen)(H_(2)O)]_(n)(1),[Co(L)(phen)(H_(2)O)]_(n)(2),[Cu(L)(phen)(H_(2)O)]_(n)(3),[Zn_(2)(L)_(2)(phen)2(H_(2)O)]_(n)(4),[Zn(L)(phen)]_(n)(5),and[Cd(L)(phen)2]_(n)(6)were synthesized by reactions of dicarboxylate ligand 2,2'-(1,2-phenylenebis(methylene))bis(sulfanediyl)dinobutyric acid(H_(2)L)and 1,10-phenanthroline(phen)with the corresponding metal salts.Complexes 1-6 have been structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses,elemental analysis,IR,thermogravimetric analysis,and powder X-ray diffraction.The structures of 1-6 are 1D chains,which are further connected by hydrogen bonding interac-tions to form 3D supramolecular structures.Among them,1 and 2 are isomorphic with L2-of syn-conformation,while L2-shows anti-conformation in 3-6.In addition,the solid-state photoluminescence property of 4-6 was investigated.

Effects of Elevated CO 2 and High Temperature on Single Leaf and Canopy Photosynthesis of Rice

The increase of atmospheric CO 2 concentration is indisputable. In such condition, photosynthetic response of leaf is relatively well studied, while the comparison of that between single leaf and whole canopy is less emphasized. The stimulation of elevated CO 2 on canopy photosynthesis may be different from that on single leaf level. In this study, leaf and canopy photosynthesis of rice (Oryza sativa L.) were studied throughout the growing season. High CO 2 and temperature had a synergetic stimulation on single leaf photosynthetic rate until grain filling. Photosynthesis of leaf was stimulated by high CO 2, although the stimulation was decreased by higher temperature at grain filling stage. On the other hand, the simulation of elevated CO 2 on canopy photosynthesis leveled off with time. Stimulation at canopy level disappeared by grain filling stage in both temperature treatments. Green leaf area index was not significantly affected by CO 2 at maturity, but greater in plants grown at higher temperature. Leaf nitrogen content decreased with the increase of CO 2 concentration although it was not statistically significant at maturity. Canopy respiration rate increased at flowering stage indicating higher carbon loss. Shading effect caused by leaf development reached maximum at flowering stage. The CO 2 stimulation on photosynthesis was greater in single leaf than in canopy. Since enhanced CO 2 significantly increased biomass of rice stems and panicles, increase in canopy respiration caused diminishment of CO 2 stimulation in canopy net photosynthesis. Leaf nitrogen in the canopy level decreased with CO 2 concentration and may eventually hasten CO 2 stimulation on canopy photosynthesis. Early senescence of canopy leaves in high CO 2 is also a possible cause.