The paper explores the positive impact of constructivism-based course books compiling and the new mode of teaching, analyzes their effects on helping students improve their integrated English language competence, and ...The paper explores the positive impact of constructivism-based course books compiling and the new mode of teaching, analyzes their effects on helping students improve their integrated English language competence, and pointing out that the development of teaching non-English major graduate students has raised new demands for teaching devices, teaching methodology and new roles of teachers and learners. Therefore, New Century Graduate English Series, as constructivism-based course books, has made some beneficial attempts for the implementation of the new graduate English teaching reauirements.展开更多
Two loosely coupled single degree of freedom (SDOF) systems were used to model the flexural and direct shear responses of one-way reinforced concrete slabs subjected to explosive loading. Blast test results show that ...Two loosely coupled single degree of freedom (SDOF) systems were used to model the flexural and direct shear responses of one-way reinforced concrete slabs subjected to explosive loading. Blast test results show that the SDOF systems are accurate in predicting the failure mode of the slab under blast loads by incorporating the effects of the strain rate effect caused by rapid load application. Based on different damage criteria, pressure-impulse (P-I) diagrams of the two failure modes were analyzed with the SDOF systems. The effects of span length, concrete strength, and reinforcement ratio of the slab on the P-I diagram were also investigated. Results indicate that a slab tends to fail in direct shear mode when it is of a smaller span length and tends to fail in flexure mode when it is of a larger span length. With the increase of the concrete strength or reinforced ratio, both the flexure and shear capacity increase. Based on numerical results, a simplified method and a semi analytical equation for deriving the P-I diagram are proposed for different failure modes and damage levels.展开更多
Fire is a global phenomenon and a major source of aerosols from the terrestrial biosphere to the atmosphere.Most previous studies quantified the effect of fire aerosols on climate and atmospheric circulation,or on the...Fire is a global phenomenon and a major source of aerosols from the terrestrial biosphere to the atmosphere.Most previous studies quantified the effect of fire aerosols on climate and atmospheric circulation,or on the regional and site-scale terrestrial ecosystem productivity.So far,only one work has quantified their global impacts on terrestrial ecosystem productivity based on offline simulations,which,however,did not consider the impacts of aerosol–cloud interactions and aerosol–climate feedbacks.This study quantitatively assesses the influence of fire aerosols on the global annual gross primary productivity(GPP)of terrestrial ecosystems using simulations with the fully coupled global Earth system model CESM1.2.Results show that fire aerosols generally decrease GPP in vegetated areas,with a global total of−1.6 Pg C yr^−1,mainly because fire aerosols cool and dry the land surface and weaken the direct photosynthetically active radiation(PAR).The exception to this is the Amazon region,which is mainly due to a fire-aerosol-induced wetter land surface and increased diffuse PAR.This study emphasizes the importance of the influence of fire aerosols on climate in quantifying global-scale fire aerosols’impacts on terrestrial ecosystem productivity.展开更多
Based on the investigation of fiber influence on workability of self-compacting concrete (SCC), tests were carried out on two series of SCC rectangular simply supported beams, which were made of hooked steel fibers re...Based on the investigation of fiber influence on workability of self-compacting concrete (SCC), tests were carried out on two series of SCC rectangular simply supported beams, which were made of hooked steel fibers reinforced concrete with or without stirrups, subjected to four-point symmetrically placed vertical loads. The major test variables are steel fiber contents and stirrup ratios. The results indicate that the ultimate load significantly increases with the increase of fiber content; the addition of ...展开更多
objective： to analyze the application value of the PBL in the surgical experimental teaching mode. Methods： choose between September 2013 and September 2013 128 clinical professional students, average by using the l...objective： to analyze the application value of the PBL in the surgical experimental teaching mode. Methods： choose between September 2013 and September 2013 128 clinical professional students, average by using the lottery will be divided into control group and the team, every 64 students for 1 set, in surgical experimental teaching as a research courses, the teaching methods for the traditional teaching method in the control group, while the team gives PBL teaching mode, the teaching effect of the final will be two groups of students are analyzed and compared. Results： through different teaching methods for teaching, compared with control group, the group at the student＇s test scores, and the ability to significantly higher, the difference of both P 〈 0.05, there is statistically significant. Conclusion： using PBL teaching mode in the surgical experimental teaching effect is remarkable, can promote the students＇ comprehensive ability and is worth popularizing application.展开更多
Labour is generally in short supply in peasant production particularly in the rural areas in Nigeria. There is also an unpredictable pattern of use of labour in cocoa farms. This has a negative implication on the leve...Labour is generally in short supply in peasant production particularly in the rural areas in Nigeria. There is also an unpredictable pattern of use of labour in cocoa farms. This has a negative implication on the level and quality of farm output among small holder farmers. The study investigated the effects of labour use patterns on productivity of cocoa farms in south western Nigeria. Multi-stage random sampling technique was used to select the respondents and the data were analyzed with the use of descriptive statistics and stochastic efficiency frontier function. Many farms （80%） were less than 5 hectares in size and sharecropping was the most dominant of the labour types on the farms. Adult male labour constituted about 69% of the total labour- use on the plantations and the majority of the labour was involved in the application of agrochemicals and harvesting of cocoa pods. The quantity of harvested cocoa beans, size of cleared understoreys and quantity of applied agrochemicals significantly affected （at 5% level） the labour-use efficiency in cocoa plantations. Poor remunerations often discourage prospective farm labour from participating in cocoa production. Better farm labour supply level could be achieved if the remuneration for farm labour is handsomely increased.展开更多
Currently, the country promotes with great effort the university should the application specific education, speeds up constructing to take getting employed as the guidance modern vocational education system. In order ...Currently, the country promotes with great effort the university should the application specific education, speeds up constructing to take getting employed as the guidance modern vocational education system. In order to strengthen the vocational skill ability of student and enhance the employment competitiveness, this article proposes enterprise application-based project colony educational model. In the teaching process, the school subject knowledge education and business skills needs of the enterprise integration, the use of enterprise program teaching, so that students can not only receive professional knowledge of the system education, but also the ability of professional application of formal training and training, after graduation the students can quickly adapt to the work of the business requirements, to achieve the purpose of application-oriented teaching.展开更多
Chinese college students have some drawbacks in English learning and mastering. Through a dozen years of English learning, some of them have high ability of passing examinations, but the practical application ability ...Chinese college students have some drawbacks in English learning and mastering. Through a dozen years of English learning, some of them have high ability of passing examinations, but the practical application ability is barely satisfactory with relatively poor listening level and oral expression ability. The objective cause for this situation is the relatively single and stylization English teaching model used by traditional colleges and universities. This model only emphasizes learning on class which greatly harms students＇ English learning enthusiasm and initiatives. The result is that although the students passed CET4 and CET6 long time before their graduation, they still not dare to open their mouth to speaking concerning face to face English communications. Over the years, the researches on how to improve college students＇ English application ability never stop and they did obtain some achievements and show some opportunities, for example, if we can bring APP （application programs） into college English listening class, it will largely meet students requirements on English learning and this can also replenish and perfect traditional English teaching model.展开更多
The conductance spectra of a graphene ribbon and graphene-superconductor （G-S） junctions are investi- gated, using the tight-binding model and non-equilibrium Green＇s function formalism. It is found that the quanti...The conductance spectra of a graphene ribbon and graphene-superconductor （G-S） junctions are investi- gated, using the tight-binding model and non-equilibrium Green＇s function formalism. It is found that the quantized conductance related to graphene＇s edge-states is robust against perturbations in the model parameters for a graphene monolayer ribbon with the zigzag boundary. With appropriate a new bound state with odd-frequency symmetry is found in conductance amplitude is followed model parameter of the spin-orbit interaction strength, the G-S junction. An enhancement in the zero-energy展开更多
文摘The paper explores the positive impact of constructivism-based course books compiling and the new mode of teaching, analyzes their effects on helping students improve their integrated English language competence, and pointing out that the development of teaching non-English major graduate students has raised new demands for teaching devices, teaching methodology and new roles of teachers and learners. Therefore, New Century Graduate English Series, as constructivism-based course books, has made some beneficial attempts for the implementation of the new graduate English teaching reauirements.
基金Project(JC11-02-18) supported by the Scientific Foundation of National University of Defense Technology, ChinaProject(11202236) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Two loosely coupled single degree of freedom (SDOF) systems were used to model the flexural and direct shear responses of one-way reinforced concrete slabs subjected to explosive loading. Blast test results show that the SDOF systems are accurate in predicting the failure mode of the slab under blast loads by incorporating the effects of the strain rate effect caused by rapid load application. Based on different damage criteria, pressure-impulse (P-I) diagrams of the two failure modes were analyzed with the SDOF systems. The effects of span length, concrete strength, and reinforcement ratio of the slab on the P-I diagram were also investigated. Results indicate that a slab tends to fail in direct shear mode when it is of a smaller span length and tends to fail in flexure mode when it is of a larger span length. With the increase of the concrete strength or reinforced ratio, both the flexure and shear capacity increase. Based on numerical results, a simplified method and a semi analytical equation for deriving the P-I diagram are proposed for different failure modes and damage levels.
基金This study was co-supported by the National Key R&D Program of China[grant number 2017YFA0604302]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 41475099 and 41875137]the Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences[grant number QYZDY-SSW-DQC002].
文摘Fire is a global phenomenon and a major source of aerosols from the terrestrial biosphere to the atmosphere.Most previous studies quantified the effect of fire aerosols on climate and atmospheric circulation,or on the regional and site-scale terrestrial ecosystem productivity.So far,only one work has quantified their global impacts on terrestrial ecosystem productivity based on offline simulations,which,however,did not consider the impacts of aerosol–cloud interactions and aerosol–climate feedbacks.This study quantitatively assesses the influence of fire aerosols on the global annual gross primary productivity(GPP)of terrestrial ecosystems using simulations with the fully coupled global Earth system model CESM1.2.Results show that fire aerosols generally decrease GPP in vegetated areas,with a global total of−1.6 Pg C yr^−1,mainly because fire aerosols cool and dry the land surface and weaken the direct photosynthetically active radiation(PAR).The exception to this is the Amazon region,which is mainly due to a fire-aerosol-induced wetter land surface and increased diffuse PAR.This study emphasizes the importance of the influence of fire aerosols on climate in quantifying global-scale fire aerosols’impacts on terrestrial ecosystem productivity.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50578026)
文摘Based on the investigation of fiber influence on workability of self-compacting concrete (SCC), tests were carried out on two series of SCC rectangular simply supported beams, which were made of hooked steel fibers reinforced concrete with or without stirrups, subjected to four-point symmetrically placed vertical loads. The major test variables are steel fiber contents and stirrup ratios. The results indicate that the ultimate load significantly increases with the increase of fiber content; the addition of ...
文摘objective： to analyze the application value of the PBL in the surgical experimental teaching mode. Methods： choose between September 2013 and September 2013 128 clinical professional students, average by using the lottery will be divided into control group and the team, every 64 students for 1 set, in surgical experimental teaching as a research courses, the teaching methods for the traditional teaching method in the control group, while the team gives PBL teaching mode, the teaching effect of the final will be two groups of students are analyzed and compared. Results： through different teaching methods for teaching, compared with control group, the group at the student＇s test scores, and the ability to significantly higher, the difference of both P 〈 0.05, there is statistically significant. Conclusion： using PBL teaching mode in the surgical experimental teaching effect is remarkable, can promote the students＇ comprehensive ability and is worth popularizing application.
文摘Labour is generally in short supply in peasant production particularly in the rural areas in Nigeria. There is also an unpredictable pattern of use of labour in cocoa farms. This has a negative implication on the level and quality of farm output among small holder farmers. The study investigated the effects of labour use patterns on productivity of cocoa farms in south western Nigeria. Multi-stage random sampling technique was used to select the respondents and the data were analyzed with the use of descriptive statistics and stochastic efficiency frontier function. Many farms （80%） were less than 5 hectares in size and sharecropping was the most dominant of the labour types on the farms. Adult male labour constituted about 69% of the total labour- use on the plantations and the majority of the labour was involved in the application of agrochemicals and harvesting of cocoa pods. The quantity of harvested cocoa beans, size of cleared understoreys and quantity of applied agrochemicals significantly affected （at 5% level） the labour-use efficiency in cocoa plantations. Poor remunerations often discourage prospective farm labour from participating in cocoa production. Better farm labour supply level could be achieved if the remuneration for farm labour is handsomely increased.
文摘Currently, the country promotes with great effort the university should the application specific education, speeds up constructing to take getting employed as the guidance modern vocational education system. In order to strengthen the vocational skill ability of student and enhance the employment competitiveness, this article proposes enterprise application-based project colony educational model. In the teaching process, the school subject knowledge education and business skills needs of the enterprise integration, the use of enterprise program teaching, so that students can not only receive professional knowledge of the system education, but also the ability of professional application of formal training and training, after graduation the students can quickly adapt to the work of the business requirements, to achieve the purpose of application-oriented teaching.
文摘Chinese college students have some drawbacks in English learning and mastering. Through a dozen years of English learning, some of them have high ability of passing examinations, but the practical application ability is barely satisfactory with relatively poor listening level and oral expression ability. The objective cause for this situation is the relatively single and stylization English teaching model used by traditional colleges and universities. This model only emphasizes learning on class which greatly harms students＇ English learning enthusiasm and initiatives. The result is that although the students passed CET4 and CET6 long time before their graduation, they still not dare to open their mouth to speaking concerning face to face English communications. Over the years, the researches on how to improve college students＇ English application ability never stop and they did obtain some achievements and show some opportunities, for example, if we can bring APP （application programs） into college English listening class, it will largely meet students requirements on English learning and this can also replenish and perfect traditional English teaching model.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61271163
文摘The conductance spectra of a graphene ribbon and graphene-superconductor （G-S） junctions are investi- gated, using the tight-binding model and non-equilibrium Green＇s function formalism. It is found that the quantized conductance related to graphene＇s edge-states is robust against perturbations in the model parameters for a graphene monolayer ribbon with the zigzag boundary. With appropriate a new bound state with odd-frequency symmetry is found in conductance amplitude is followed model parameter of the spin-orbit interaction strength, the G-S junction. An enhancement in the zero-energy
