谈国际管道工程施工属地化用工安全管理

随着中国建筑施工企业实力的不断增强,国际化已成为发展的必然趋势。伴随＂一带一路＂国家战略的实施,对海外能源的需求和带动沿线国家经济发展的要求也越来越高。中国石油天然气集团公司近年来先后承建了俄罗斯东西伯利亚管道、中亚AB线、中缅管道等海外能源战略通道的工程建设。中亚天然气管道C线作为规划确保国家能源安全的一条重要的能源大动脉,承担着为西气东输三线提供气源的任务,建成后将大幅提升中亚管道的输送能力,促进国家能源结构调整.

An efficient methodology for utilization of K-feldspar and phosphogypsum with reduced energy consumption and CO2 emissions

The issues of reducing CO_2 emissions, sustainably utilizing natural mineral resources, and dealing with industrial waste offer challenges for sustainable development in energy and the environment. We propose an efficient methodology via the co-reaction of K-feldspar and phosphogypsum for the extraction of soluble potassium salts and recovery of SO_2 with reduced CO_2 emission and energy consumption. The results of characterization and reactivity evaluation indicated that the partial melting of K-feldspar and phosphogypsum in the hightemperature co-reaction significantly facilitated the reduction of phosphogypsum to SO_2 and the exchange of K^+(K-feldspar) with Ca^(2+)(CaSO_4 in phosphogypsum). The reaction parameters were systematically investigated with the highest sulfur recovery ratio of ~ 60% and K extraction ratio of ~ 87.7%. This novel methodology possesses an energy consumption reduction of ~ 28% and CO_2 emission reduction of ~ 55% comparing with the present typical commercial technologies for utilization of K-feldspar and the treatment of phosphogypsum.

Intercalation Assembly Method and Intercalation Process Control of Layered Intercalated Functional Materials

Layered intercalated functional materials of layered double hydroxide type are an important class of functional materials developed in recent years. Based on long term studies on these materials in the State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering in Beiiing University of Chemical Technology, the orinciole for the design of controlled intercalation processes in the light of tuture production processing requirements has been developed. Intercalation assembly methods and technologies have been invented to control the intercalation process for preparing layered intercalated materials with various structures and functions.

Tensiometer as an Irrigation Management Tool and Its Effect on Water Use and Yield of Open Field Grown Cucumber

Water is scarce in Palestine and water saving is becoming very important issue. Water management is one of the promising solutions to save water. The purpose of this work was to study the effect of two types of irrigation regimes on water consumption, yield and growth parameters of cucumber （Cucumis sativus L.） under open field conditions. Cucumbers were grown on a silty-clay soil in Palestinian local conditions. The irrigation regimes used were farmer based irrigation （FI） and tensiometer based irrigation （TI）. The results showed that there were no significant difference in crop yield between FI （3.5 kg/plant） and TI （3.4 kg/plant）. Dry matter was 14.7% less in TI treatment than that in FI treatment, while water saving was 35.7% in TI treatment. Thus, proper use of tensiometer could be utilized for a better use and management of water resource. Selection of proper water potential set-points according to the cultivation season is crucial for satisfactory results.

Analysis on Resources Utilization of Thermal Power Industry

Based on the analysis and comparison of coal, oil and water consumptions in thermal power plants, thispaper introduces the present state of resources utilization in thermal power industry, and points out that the poten-tial of resources saving lies mainly in cutting down coal consumption and increasing the ratio of large-sized thermalunits. Measures and suggestions for upgrading resources utilization are put forward, such as to optimize coal-firedthermal power structure, develop cogeneration, clean coal combustion techniques and gas-steam combined cycletechniques. The existing thermal power plants shall execute technical retrofits and popularize water saving techniques.

Application of a Neural Network Technique for Prediction of the Water Quality Index in the Dong Nai River, Vietnam

Recent trends in environmental management of water resource have enlarged the demand for predicting techniques that can provide reliable, efficient and accurate water quality. In this case study, the authors applied the Artificial Neural Networks （ANN） to estimate the water quality index on the Dong Nai River flowing through Dong Nai and Binh Duong provinces. The information and data including 10 water quality parameters of the Dong Nai River at 23 monitoring stations were collected during the recorded time period from 2010 to 2014 to build water quality prediction models. The results of the study demonstrated that the Water Quality Index （WQI） forecasted with GRNN was very significant and had high correlation coefficient （R2 = 0.974 and p = 0.0） compared to the real values of the WQI. Moreover, the ANN models provided better predicted values than the multiple regression models did.

Floodwater utilization of the Three Gorges Project

Floods are both risks and resources. Floodwater utilization is an important part of flood management. Considering the rising shortage of water resources, serious water pollution, and undersupply of electric power, it’s imperative to strengthen flood management. In light of the hydrological characteristics of the Three Gorges Project (TGP) on the Yangtze River in P. R. China, we investigated the necessity and feasibility of TGP floodwater utilization, proprosed dynamic control of limited water level during flood season of the reservoir and basin-wide integrated floodwater management as strategies, and identified problems that might occur in practice.

Some Aspects of Waste Management of Ukraine

The development of waste management can be considered in some way dictates of time. Ukraine has unique conditions of the secondary usage of natural resources, which is particularly important given to the increasing generation of waste and its progressive accumulation. The relevant provisions relate to the industrial sector as well as areas of consumption. However, for most of recyclable materials is still low. The formation of market relations in Ukraine contributed to enhance this process and relevant field of entrepreneurship. Now the formation of a separate segment is taking place. The state and the perspectives of the development of collection, accumulation and recycling of waste stream have been analyzed in the article. Conceptual position of the legislative regulation of this field is defined. The ways of improving the legal support of secondary raw materials have been defined. The peculiarities of waste management of Ukraine are considered.

Research on Nantong Cratt Arts Resources and the Corresponding Applications on Local Higher Vocational Teaching

In this paper, we conduct research on Nantong craft arts resources and the corresponding applications on the local higher vocational teaching. Higher vocational design class of the students＇ professional foundation courses, such as building design students＇ basic pillars design literacy, must undertake in accord with cognitive law systematically on the basis of cultivating the students from observation of thinking to create professional ability, through the innovation of curriculum, make teachers and students can enter the process of teaching and learning in the form of natural, better support for follow-up professional course learning, in order to obtain comprehensively improve the quality and ability of the students, the education effect. Under this guideline, we combine the basic features of the Nantong craft arts resources to modify traditional education mode that is beneficial.

A utility-optimal backoff algorithm for wireless sensor networks

A novel backoff algorithm in CSMA/CA-based medium access control (MAC) protocols for clustered sensor networks was proposed. The algorithm requires that all sensor nodes have the same value of contention window (CW) in a cluster, which is revealed by formulating resource allocation as a network utility maximization problem. Then, by maximizing the total network utility with constrains of minimizing collision probability, the optimal value of CW (Wopt) can be computed according to the number of sensor nodes. The new backoff algorithm uses the common optimal value Wopt and leads to fewer collisions than binary exponential backoff algorithm. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms standard 802.11 DCF and S-MAC in average collision times, packet delay, total energy consumption, and system throughput.

3D Conceptual Modeling and Direct Utilization Calculations of the Albanian Low and Middle Enthalpy Geothermal Resources

The use of the Albanian geothermal springs and waters, for their curative effects （Natural SPA） dates back centuries, since the time of the Roman Empire, while their first modern use started only in 1937. Unfortunately they had not been used for its energetic values yet. The temperature of the water is above 60 ~C and the flow above 16 L/s, thus direct utilization is possible, in particular for space heating. Three-dimensional temperature field calculations and engineering calculations on a heating system with heat exchangers are presented here. The results show that the water temperature is expected to be stable and considerably higher temperature is expected through deep well drilling. The University＇s Campus of Tirana is composed of 29 buildings, which are partially heated through a coal heater. The installed capacity is 2,558 kW while the coal consumption is about 920 kg/h. The University＇s Campus of Tirana is one of the most important areas and with the highest density of population in Tirana, so it is the best area to show the heat exchanger efficiency. The economic analyses prove that the borehole heat exchangers are more convenient than the coal heating systems.

Eco-friendly Technologies for Physical and Chemical Recycling of PVC-Related Wasteful Resources

The aim of this study is to enhance the recycled PVC （polyvinyl chloride） related material property by formulation technology and develop the recycling product processing technology furthermore develop the chemical recycling technology for last stage of PVC wastes. The formulation technology is composed of pre-treatment （crushing, separation etc.） and post-treatment （material ratio, additives, stabilizer etc.） to enhance the recyclate property. The formulation for recycled PVC by application basis and processing technology is applied to produce the structural product for civil and construction application such as pipe fittings and water drainage cap for environmental waterway. Also chemical recycling technology for end life PVC scrap which causes environmental pollution by incineration or landfill is studied for producing hydrocarbon and hydrogen chloride for VCM.